Cao Kefan, deputy to the National People's Congress and host of the Oriental Satellite TELEVISION Center, said in his speech at the two sessions of the National People's Congress on March 5 that cultural workers must follow the principle of "life is the people, and the people are life", go deep into life, go deep among the masses, feel the people's joys and sorrows, have insight into the essence of life, grasp the pulse of the times, put their hearts, feelings, and thoughts into creation, create good works that are worthy of the times, worthy of the people, stand the test of time, be truly welcomed by the people, and write a new chapter in the culture of the new era.
Cao Kefan
In his speech, he also said that the broad and profound traditional Chinese culture is the symbol of the Chinese nation's spirit. "Making good use of traditional culture is a very important prerequisite, we must really understand it, sink our hearts to understand, this is very important." On the sidelines of participating in the two sessions of the National People's Congress, Cao Kefan was interviewed by the surging news reporter, taking the "Sven Jiangnan" he participated in producing as an example to analyze how to do a good cultural program.
How to interpret cultural classics
Chinese culture has always advocated "collecting the que literature of the hundred generations and collecting the relics of a thousand years", and the country's first classic text reading program "Swen Jiangnan" is precisely for this purpose of creation, deeply excavating the traditional Chinese traditional cultural ideology, humanistic spirit and moral norms.
The first season of this seasonal program focuses on the five major cultural landmarks of Shaoxing, Suzhou, Shanghai, Xuancheng and Hangzhou, respectively reading and interpreting Xie Shuo, Li Bai, Su Dongpo, Li Qingzhao, Fan Chongyan, Wen Tianxiang, Lu You, Wang Yangming, Tang Bohu, Jin Shengsi, Xu Guangqi, Li Shutong, Lu Xun, Yu Dafu, Xiao Hong, Jin Yong and other classic texts of literati and inkers, and in the immersive interpretation part, a large number of film and television scenes, solar term elements, showing local customs and materials, spanning dance, drama, recitation, variety of art forms, Radiate Jiangnan culture to China, pay tribute to Chinese cultural heroes, and let ancient and modern classic texts become immortal cultural totems in people's hearts.
Stills from "Sven Gangnam"
In the reading and talking program of a classic text such as "Sven Jiangnan", the host mainly plays the role of reconciling Ding Nai, and this is also the biggest difficulty. In order to host this program, Cao Kefan did a lot of desk work, bluntly saying that he encountered the best of his career: since engaging in hosting work, the desk preparation time is the longest, the most materials need to be read, and each program needs to read about 1 million words. He admits that "Sven Gangnam" is the most difficult show he has hosted in more than 30 years.
"Because these characters are very familiar to everyone, such as Shanghai, we chose Li Shutong, Xu Guangqi, Ba Jin and Xiao Hong, each of them can actually talk for more than two hours, but how to put four people in a time and space is really difficult." We want to tell them which of their creations and life experiences is particularly important to them, or that this experience has not been paid attention to in the past, and then extract the same elements from them. Cao Kefan told reporters.
Archaeologist Xia Nai mentioned a data in an article in the 1960s: from the Western Han Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, China's population basically did not change, almost 60 million, but after the Ming Wanli population surged, it became more than 300 million in the Qing Dynasty. This is largely due to the trial promotion of sweet potatoes, and the driving force behind this is Xu Guangqi, a Scientist of the Ming Dynasty and the first person to pass through Chinese and Western cultures.
"In the past, we only talked about Xu Guangqi's "Geometric Origins", but in fact, his contribution to astronomical legislation and agriculture, in other words, he was actually Yuan Longping of the Ming Dynasty." Cao Kefan believes that in cultural creation, we must repeatedly read historical materials in order to dig out some points that were not much concerned in the past.
At the same time, he mentioned that a good cultural program should have two signs: first, that is, the experts in the circle cannot pick out hard wounds, and second, it is to make it clear to ordinary people who have not been exposed to this knowledge.
"For example, Li Qingzhao, I re-read Li Qingzhao's biography this time, and after her poems, I have a completely new understanding of her. In the past, when we talked about Song Ci, Su Dongpo was the representative of the Liberal Faction, and Li Qingzhao was the representative of the Wanyue Faction, in fact, after in-depth study, many of Su Dongpo's words were quite gentle, and many of Li Qingzhao's words were very bold, such a Song Dynasty woman actually had such an avant-garde thought. ”
Liu Tao plays Li Qingzhao
In addition, Cao Kefan believes that when dealing with history and historical figures, we must figure it out before we can think about some interesting content.
"Li Qingzhao has a story that everyone often uses, that is, her husband Zhao Mingcheng wrote 50 words himself, mixing Li Qingzhao's words in it, and letting people comment on which word is good. People still say that Li Qingzhao wrote the best poem, so he was very depressed. This story is wonderful, but it has no formal origin, so we don't adopt it. ”
In order to make the program more vivid, when reading the text, the program also tried dialects, "For example, in the Suzhou episode, the Suzhou dialect was added, and when speaking Shanghai, let Sun Li and Lu Yi read some related texts about Shanghai in Shanghainese, then I also hope to be able to do it more vividly, because often the dialect is the most vivid." But when people talk about texts, when they talk about local culture, it is not easy to pay attention to, and "Sven Jiangnan" cuts from the dialect of this place, which is more fascinating. ”
Sun Li plays Xiao Hong
The creation should be rigorous and pay attention to the viewability
When talking about the revival and innovation of traditional culture, Cao Kefan believes that we must adhere to two perspectives: one is to create with the rigorous attitude of scholars, and the other is to deal with the perspective of the audience of the third party, especially the young audience.
He believes that the biggest feature of Haipai's works is the viewability. For example, the acrobatic drama "Battle shanghai" and the dance drama "The Eternal Radio Wave" are based on the real deeds of the martyr Li Bai and boldly original on the basis of respecting history.
"'The Eternal Wave' gives a new artistic presentation to the hidden front and revolutionary historical themes through the unique body language of dance art and the abstract temperament of dance space. The youthful elements, modern atmosphere and tense rhythm of the work attract young people into the theater. And the acrobatic drama "Battle shanghai" is even more of a blockbuster. Acrobatics have always been good at showing the actor's extreme performance ability with high difficulty skills, but they are not good at showing complex storylines, and the main creator of Shanghai Acrobatic Troupe has the courage to break through himself, use the difficult skills of acrobatics to complete the storytelling, and give the characters and souls, which can be called 'landmark acrobatic drama'. It is reported that the TV series "Battle shanghai" that shows the liberation of Shanghai is also in preparation.