Li Ruotong (left) performed Tang Yin's "Peach Blossom Anthem" in "Swen Jiangnan", a poem that was once paid tribute to by Cao Xueqin, and created Lin Daiyu's "Funeral Flower Yin" in "Dream of the Red Chamber". The picture shows the virtual scene of Tang Yin and Lin Daiyu's dialogue on the poem in the air. (Courtesy of the program group/photo)
Anxious chicken parents look for "parenting treasures", in fact, the sages have already given a good recipe. However, the sages did not advocate "chicken babies", and their methodology in family letters, family rules, and family training can be said to be an "ancient anti-chicken baby treasure book".
For example, the Northern Song Dynasty Fan Zhongyan's family training that scholar Yu Dan "read around" in the Oriental Satellite TV cultural program "Sven Jiangnan" extended to the ancient godson "Seven No Responsibilities". The so-called "seven no blame" means that no matter how big a child makes a mistake, there are seven situations that cannot be blamed on him:
"Eating is not responsible", scolding the child when eating, it is easy to cause the child's spleen and stomach weakness; "no blame at night", do not blame the child before going to bed at night, otherwise he will not sleep at night, or have nightmares; "do not blame the public", in public, to give the child dignity; "celebration is not responsible", if the child is suddenly blamed when he is happy, the meridians will immediately hold back, which is very harmful to the body; "sorrow is not blamed", when the child cries, do not blame him; "regret and no responsibility", If the child is already ashamed and regrets his mistakes, do not blame him; "the disease is not blamed", do not blame the child when he is sick. Illness is the most vulnerable time in the human body, when children need the love and warmth of their parents more, which is more effective than any drug.
The world knows that Fan Zhongyan's "worries and worries before the world, and the happiness of the world after the world" is optimistic, few people pay attention to it, Fan Zhongyan's tutoring is also very successful, the official reputation of several of his sons is very good, and the second son Fan Chunren has also become a generation of famous faces.
In "Sven Jiangnan", the old drama bone Li Guangfu read Fan Zhongyan's family letter "Telling your sons and nephews", and the educational concept in the text is still applicable today. He wrote: "Why is youth bitter and sick, and does not it mean to take birth?" In today's parlance, it is to advise young people not to "lie flat." Throughout the family letter, he constantly warned the younger generations that they should study hard and practice with a pure heart.
"Sven Jiangnan" is a cultural program launched by Oriental Satellite TV on January 6, 2022, the first season has a total of ten episodes, each episode invites a number of cultural guests, Sun Li, Lu Yi, Li Ruotong and other stars, Yu Dan, Zhi'an, Huang Xiaodan and other scholars, leading the audience to explore Shaoxing, Suzhou, Shanghai, Xuancheng, Hangzhou five famous cities in Jiangnan, each city "reproduced" four local -related "cultural heroes", performed their classic famous articles, is a journey of rediscovery of Jiangnan culture.
The program team set the main scene as a Jiangnan garden, and the reading set was changed according to different reading texts. "Shaoxing Wind Bone" Li Zefeng performed Wang Xizhi's "Theory of Gestures", visually using multiple layers of drapery to present the layered sense of "Lanting Collection", and telling the audience the condensed intention of Shaoxing, the hometown of calligraphy, and Wang Xizhi, the book saint. At the Shanghai station, Lu Yi performed Ba Jin's work "Presented to a Person", and the program team built a steamship, which matched the lighting design of the drama theater and the effect of smoke cakes, so that the audience could immerse themselves in Ba Jin's strong thoughts about his brother.
"Steamships, mist on the river, farewells, thoughts." This is Gangnam in the 1930s and 1940s. Executive producer Wang Tianying said, "The variability of the performance scene is refined by various imagery of Jiangnan - different Jiangnan." ”
"Implanting" the concept of education in a cultural program is an unexpected discovery of unintentional willow insertion for Xiangyang, the chief planner of "Sven Jiangnan". "We are amazed by these people of different eras, their ideas about education are naturally in line with today's educational concepts, that is, to treat people as a natural animal for self-care and self-growth."
The source of the creativity of "Sven Jiangnan" is that the program team filmed Pu Cunxin reading "Lanting Collection Sequence" in the Forbidden City. In the process of listening to Pu Cunxin's reading, they realized that this was a big article about life and death, not just an outing essay. Pu Cunxin's way of reading is also very interesting, he reads, understands, and makes his own expression, a process that is very different from traditional reading and reflects the dramatic significance.
Inspired by this, after several preparations, there was "Sven Jiangnan". Wang Tianying introduced to the Southern Weekend reporter, "Pavilions, cornices, curved water flow, these traditional Jiangnan symbols, are all presented through the construction of the shed, forming a realistic and condensed Jiangnan." In such a scene, seven guests in each issue, or interpret, or interpret, make rediscovery of the humanistic spirit of Jiangnan again and again.
In the process of determining famous artists and works, the main creative team has gone through a lot of twists and turns - in order to give the audience a sense of freshness and new enlightenment, we must not only target famous masterpieces, but also examine from works that are not well known to the public. So they screened the family letters left by many famous artists. In the process, a vein gradually becomes clearer, that is, they are all about "how ancient people taught their children." "Education" has become a hidden main line of "Sven Jiangnan".
"Don't suppress your child's nature"
In the first episode of the program, "Shaoxing Wind Bones", Wang Yangming and Lu Xun, famous Shaoxing masters who were separated by hundreds of years, "had a dialogue over the air" in the program. Their common theme is their similar educational philosophy - "don't suppress the nature of children".
The program team picked out two "unpopular" family letters for Wang Yangming, one was "Book with Son" and the other was "Training Meng's Carelessness".
The old drama bone Bao Guoan read these two family letters in the show. The "Book with Sons" was written by Wang Yangming for his adopted son Zhengxian. At that time, Zhengxian was twenty years old and wanted to participate in the scientific expedition, Wang Yangming was very worried, he did not know how his son had learned recently, whether he was ready or not, but did not stop it, but let his son make his own decision. This was very enlightened at the time.
Bao Guoan particularly admired the "Training of Meng's Great Intentions", believing that this was a very predictable article written by Wang Yangming to modern educators: "It coincides with the current mention of 'double subtraction'. ”
He further interpreted: "Wang Yangming said in "Training and Carelessness" that children's nature is to like to laugh and play, not to be too restrained, should let them grow very stretched, they will flourish; let them feel happy, so that the speed of progress will be very fast. ”
On the issue of treating children, Lu Xun had a similar expression to Wang Yangming in his essay "Reading Pictures and Literacy" published in the Literary Quarterly in 1934. He believes that "the child can be obeyed, he often thinks of the realm above the stars and the moon, thinks of the situation under the ground, thinks of the usefulness of flowers, thinks of the words of insects; he wants to fly into the sky, he wants to dive into the ant nest..." Therefore, respect children, do not suppress their nature, and make growth plans according to their preferences.
The scholar Zhi'an praised Lu Xun's concept of education, and he also believed that education comes from different dimensions, including social education, family education, and school education, but in addition to these educations, there is another kind of education that is very necessary, that is, self-education. "Self-education is actually a direction for yourself." Shinan said.
In Zhi'an's view, whether it is Wang Yangming or Lu Xun, they are themselves successful examples of self-education. Lu Xun received a strict private school education, but did not pass the examination. The reason for the analysis of The Main Reason is that Lu Xun's interest is not in obtaining meritorious names. Lu Xun's grandfather advocated that children should read novels, often told him the story of "Journey to the West", Lu Xun listened to it with relish, which in a sense promoted Lu Xun's self-education, and later he compiled "Ancient Novel Hook Sink", "Novel Seeing and Hearing Copying", "Tang and Song Legend Collection", and wrote "Historical Outline of Chinese Novels", which is the source of this. "A truly perfect education must take self-education to make up for the shortcomings of the first three kinds of education, so that we can achieve a person." Shinan said.
Lu Xun not only practiced self-education himself, but also did the same for his son Zhou Haiying. He once told his son, "If you have no talent, you can find something small to do, and don't be a short writer and an empty artist." Lu Xun himself is a literary hero, it is easy for everyone to associate, and his descendants must also be a literary artist. But Lu Xun did not think so, he hoped that the child would find his own way.
Host Cao Kefan, who met Zhou Haiying, recalled their conversation to a Southern Weekend reporter: "Mr. Haiying especially stressed that his father wanted him to be an ordinary person and accept the child's ordinariness. Zhou Hainian grew up to become a radio engineer and developed a hobby of humanistic photography.
Huang Xiaodan, an associate professor at the School of Humanities at Jiangnan University, further diverged in "Sven Jiangnan", mentioning the Japanese psychologist Hayato Kawai, who has a theory called "seed theory". "He said that a child's life is a seed, and before the seed germinates, you don't know how much he has waited and how much strength he has accumulated. So you have to wait for him, to water him. Now everyone says that we must respect children, develop children's talents, and follow the trend, which is actually such a seed concept. Huang Xiaodan said.
Ming Dynasty Suzhou painter Qiu Ying's "Qingming Upper River Map" (partial), referring to the composition form of the Northern Song Dynasty Zhang Zeduan's "Qingming Upper River Map", depicts the life of Suzhou City in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. (Infographic/Figure)
"Not for test take"
Speaking of "chicken dolls", Suzhou, the ancient city of Jiangnan, which appeared in "Sven Jiangnan", seems to be the successful "hometown of chicken babies" - here is rich in Zhuangyuan, from the Tang to the Qing Dynasty 1300 years of 596 Wenzhuangyuan, of which as many as 45 Suzhou people, accounting for 8%.
Huang Xiaodan believes that the abundance of yuan has a lot to do with the folk study style of Suzhou. She recalls a scene she encountered on the road when she visited her grandmother as a child: her grandmother lived in a small town called Hupu in Suzhou, and on a summer evening in the 1980s, a farmer sat by the river, finished a day of farm work, took a shower, changed into clean clothes, and sat by the river reading a novel. When passers-by walk by, their footsteps will be lighter, for fear of disturbing him.
"It's a culture of re-learning, and it has a legacy." Huang Xiaodan said. She mentioned that in the Ming Dynasty, there was a famous "Mr. Shoes" in Suzhou, that is, a shoemaker who specialized in repairing shoes for people. When he was a child, he did not have the opportunity to go to school because of the poverty of his family and was illiterate. When he grew up, he earned money by mending his shoes to read—exchanging a penny for someone to teach him a word. After reading, he fell in love with reading, repairing his shoes while reading books. He did not read books to obtain merit, but simply loved them. By the time he died at the age of 75, his home was almost all over the walls, and there were only books on the shelves.
Many people in Suzhou let their children learn from "Mr. Supplementary Shoes", and many literati in Suzhou also wrote biographies for him. "The inheritance of such a custom, I think, is the real basis of a local context, and the real reason why it can produce so many elements." Huang Xiaodan said.
Although they are rich in yuan, these Suzhou celebrities are not "chickens", that is to say, they do not aim at taking the exam, and their learning is more important than the exam.
Suzhou talent Gu Yanwu, who no longer participates in the imperial examination after the age of 27, Huang Xiaodan analyzed: "It is not that he cannot be discouraged, but he realizes that the learning that is really beneficial to society and the country is by no means only in the eight strands of literature." Gu Yanwu took the pragmatic route for the second half of his life, reading books on geography, economy, military, farmland, water conservancy, and transportation.
Another great master, Fan Zhongyan, put forward a proposal when celebrating the new policy of the calendar, called "Jinggongju", saying that the imperial examination should not only test the composition of the examination, but also test the theory of strategy, that is, the specific ability to govern the country.
The world knows Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang LouJi", few people know that Fan Zhongyan made great contributions to the education of the whole people in Suzhou, and he founded two schools before his death, one for the government and one for righteousness.
Fuxue was built by Fan Zhongyan when he was 45 years old when he was in Suzhou Zhizhou. Soon after he took office, he bought a piece of land in a place called Nanyuan in Suzhou at that time, and prepared to install his home there. Please mr. Feng Shui, Mr. Feng Shui said that this place will produce public secretaries for generations. Fan Zhongyan thought, generations of public secretaries, but what if the public secretaries do not study? Therefore, we must not let our children and grandchildren be the secretary of state, but let all the people in Suzhou come to study, and let the secretary of state be among the people who read. Later, he donated this land to build Suzhou Fuxue.
The scholar Yu Dan was particularly enthusiastic about Fan Zhongyan's Fan Yixue. She introduced that when she was 61 years old, that is, two years before Fan Zhongyan's death, Fan Zhongyan created an ideal place called "Yizhuang". Yizhuang is divided into two parts, one part is "Yitian", that is, he bought a thousand acres of land, rented these land to others, and collected rent from it; the other part is "Yixue", and the money earned by "Yitian" is used to support the poor children of the Fan family to go to school for free. "A 'righteous' word is its soul. It is a kind of compulsory education, and it can give everyone a kind of fairness. Fan Zhongyan brought his life, the unfulfilled ideals of the previous one in his career, to his last work that was beyond utilitarianism. Yu Dan said.
Suzhou Fuxue and Fan's Yi education have lasted for thousands of years and continue to this day. Suzhou Fuxue is now Suzhou Middle School, and Fan's Yixue is now Suzhou Jingfan Middle School. Suzhou Government has learned a large number of outstanding talents and outstanding talents, including 63 Chinese and foreign academicians such as Nobel Prize winner Dr. Li Zhengdao, Qian Weichang, Wang Guowei, Qian Mu and other masters, educator Ye Shengtao and so on.
Most of the scenes of "Sven Jiangnan" were filmed indoors, and executive producer Wang Tianying mentioned that Suzhou Station was rarely filmed on location. The program team specially went to Suzhou Middle School and temporarily invited a class of students who were in class to participate in the filming of the performance. "This is a middle school with more than 900 years of school history, and the students who are now studying read Fan Wenzhenggong's articles, in a sense, it is the air singing and harmony of the interior and exterior scenes, and it is also the historical confrontation of ancient and modern times." Wang Tianying said.
Actor Li Ruotong served as a guest at the Suzhou station of "Sven Jiangnan" because of his relationship with Suzhou. The Wang Yuyan she played in the Jin Yong drama "Tianlong Babu" is Gu SuRenshi, and the Tang Yin she played in the show is more related to Suzhou Fuxue.
Li Ruotong's previous understanding of Tang Bohu was all with the help of Zhou Xingchi's comedy movie "Tang Bohu Dian Qiu Xiang", which joked about the story, which made her have many misreadings of Tang Bohu. In order to prepare for "Sven Jiangnan", she read the historical materials and did her homework well. Tang Bohu entered the government to study first in the examination. He was admitted to the government school at the age of 16, but he was also quite naughty, and there was a rule at that time that students had to pick some cress from the pond and insert them into their hats in order to really become readers, but he played and played, and he had a water fight with his friends. Li Ruotong happily described to the Southern Weekend reporter.
The same is the Suzhou talent, mention Tang Bohu, everyone will think of "charming" and "talented", in Dan's view, Tang Bohu represents another temperament of Jiangnan literati. If Gu Yanwu and Fan Zhongyan represent a kind of perseverance, Tang Bohu represents a kind of flexibility. If a scholar like Fan Zhongyan practiced a kind of Confucian learning, Tang Bohu is more of a birth and a fresh spirit, and these two temperaments together are a collection and a complement. ”
Suzhou is the hometown of ancient China, from the Tang to the Qing Dynasty, 45 of the 596 Wen Zhuangyuan were from Suzhou, accounting for 8%. The picture shows Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty in Qiu Ying's "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" (partial). (Infographic/Figure)
"Behavioral education is the best enlightenment education"
Li Ruotong's family also has family rules. She recalled that her family's house rules were staged, before coming out to work, the house rules were "harmful hearts must not be", after coming out of work, the family rules became "the heart of prevention is indispensable".
In Li Ruotong's autobiography "Live Well", a "family rule" was mentioned, which affected her life. It was a sentence that my father had inadvertently said.
When I was in junior high school, there was a time when Li Ruotong loved beauty so much that she would imitate the costumes of the hosts in TV shows. "How exaggerated is it? Change into a costume in the morning, middle and evening. "My parents are both craft workers, once Caught up with the delivery date, the family was busy, only hoping to deliver on time, only Li Ruotong was still immersed in his own world, busy knitting new patterns for his hair." Her father passed by her, looked at her, and said without anger: "It seems that in the future, I will also be a person who only knows how to covet vanity!" ”
The speaker had no intention, the listener had a heart, and after the father said that sentence, Li Ruotong immediately ran back to the room and cried bitterly. "Because I care. I care that others look at you like this, and I am not such a person, and I am very sad that you look at me like this. She said. This sentence is like a mark, engraved on Li Ruotong's heart: "In this life, you must not become a person who covets vanity." And secretly cheer yourself up in your heart, I must prove it to you. ”
Later, she entered the show business circle and stayed for more than thirty years, and she was proud that she never lost her dignity in the face of temptation.
"I wonder if my life would have changed because I entered the entertainment industry and been tempted by some temptations without my father's words? I think it should not be, because since I was a child, my parents taught me that girls should not covet vanity, which is the same as saying that people should be polite, respect the teacher, and get up to see the elders to say good morning, which has become a habit of life. Dad's words are just a reinforcing agent. Li Ruotong told Southern Weekend reporters.
Cao Kefan's family also has a family training, called "humility is first, respect is precious". His great-grandfather was a native of Wuxi, and at that time, his great-grandfather, one 17 and one 14, took a boat to Shanghai to work for Rong's enterprises. They went from ordinary workers to finally, through their own talent and hard work, and jointly established a flour mill with the Rong family. Cao Kefan described them as one of the earliest "Chinese partners.".
Later, when Cao Kefan wrote his family history, he found a letter written by his grandfather to his great-grandfather, which specifically talked about how the brothers should behave when they came to Shanghai, especially emphasizing that "modesty is the first, respect is precious", that is, when seeing the upper, middle, and lower third class, they must treat each other with courtesy. "If you're out there doing things and seeing that everyone thinks others are inferior to you, then your end is here." As a result, Gao's grandfather's sentence "modesty is first, respect is precious" has become a family motto passed down from generation to generation by the Cao family.
Over the years of the host career, Cao Kefan has contacted countless people, and he was impressed by a chat with pianist Fu Cong. Mr. Fu Cong often mentions a sentence that his father Fu Lei said to him, that is, "if you are lonely, you will create a world", which means that an artist's very important quality is to learn to be alone with yourself and learn to spend most of your life lonely, because then you have time to think.
Actor Lee Kwang-fu also mentioned his family rules in "Sven Jiangnan": one is "kindness" and the other is "honesty". He recalls writing an "underground essay" as a child about his language teacher. The Chinese teacher was paralyzed by nerves, his mouth was out of control, and he often spit when he spoke. In his essay, he ridiculed the teacher's mouth disease: "We are all the flowers of the motherland, and the teacher is the diligent gardener, who waters us with a small watering can every day." Later, this composition reached the teacher's ear, and Xiao Li Guangfu was punished for standing. After my mother knew, "I was never so angry, and I was trained bitterly", the gist of the lesson was that I was a teacher for a day, a father for life, and in addition, I should be kind as a person, and I should not laugh at other people's problems. These words, Li Guangfu has always remembered in his heart.
Yu Dan recalled her childhood, she grew up with her grandmother, who had a concept called "lowly children and noble adopted daughters", requiring girls to study well. "Everything I learned when I was a child was in the poems and songs that my grandmother taught me to read. When she is reading, she can tell you to think a lot of things, and then do a lot of things, and teach you the philosophy of everything from the perspective of behavior. Yu Dan said.
Grandma taught Yu Dan to read the Disciple Rules. Get up in the morning, "The crown will be right, and the button will be knotted." Socks and shoes, cut tightly", starting with wearing a hat, buttoning, shoes and socks. "Do not trample on the threshold" means that the threshold cannot be stepped on; "do not limp and lean", people are not allowed to lean crookedly or obliquely; "do not stand on the ground", do not sit on the legs; "do not shake your hips", do not shake your legs. Grandma read it and told her about it.
"Behavioral education is the best enlightenment education." Give the child less empty words, take him more from the behavior pattern, get used to nature, and the teenager is natural. Yu Dan said.
Southern Weekend reporter Li Yilan