Biography of scholars
Zhao Zhenduo, born in 1928 in Chengdu, Sichuan, is a famous contemporary linguist and lexicographer in mainland China. He graduated from the Department of Chinese of Sichuan University in 1952 and stayed on to teach; from 1953 to 1955, he studied in the Department of Chinese of Peking University; from 1959 to 1961, he was sent to the Soviet Union to give lectures at the Moscow Institute of International Relations and Moscow University; from 1975 to 1990, he presided over the compilation of the "Hanyu Da Zidian" and served as the executive deputy editor and deputy director of the Compilation Department; in 2001, Zhao Youwen's posthumous manuscript "Three Kingdoms Zhi School Notes" was nominated for the National Book Award and the first prize of the National Ancient Books Collation and Publication Award In 2006, he won the first "Lifetime Achievement Award of Chinese Dictionary"; in 2012, he served as the deputy editor of the "Chinese Dictionary" (revised version); in 2013, "Jiyun SchoolBook" won the first prize of the "Wang Li Linguistics Award" and the second prize of the National Ancient Book Collation and Publication Award; in 2014, he won the "First Global Chinese Sinology Dictionary" Sinology Achievement Award.
"Jiannan Mountain Water Qinghui" "Big City Shaocheng Liu has been green". Walking into the wide and narrow alleys and strolling through the shaocheng, you can feel the unique Western Shu humanistic charm of Chengdu. Shaocheng, located in the historical and cultural district of rongcheng in the core location, can be said to be the most original "old Chengdu". Opposite the former site of the General Mansion in Chengdu in the Qing Dynasty, not far from the lively wide and narrow alleys, General Street is a small alley with a quiet environment, and No. 40 in the hutong once lived in the Famous Scholar Zhao Family of Shuzhong, and the historical place name plate at the mouth of The General Street is also specially introduced. In December 1928, the famous linguist Zhao Zhenduo was born in Shaocheng, a scholarly xiangmendi.
Throughout his life, Zhao Zhenduo was engaged in the research and inheritance of Chinese and Chinese dialects, and was both ancient and modern, proficient in both knowledge and proficiency, and made outstanding achievements in the fields of writing, phonology, exegesis, Chinese history, and lexicography. He has successively written academic works such as "Knowledge of Ancient Literature", "History of Ancient Dictionaries", "Outline of Hermeneutics", "Outline of The History of Hermeneutics", "Outline of Phonology", "Outline of Lexicology", "History of Chinese and Chinese Dialectology", "Dictionary Theory", "Collection of Rhyme Studies", "Collection of Rhyme Schools" and other academic works, as well as nearly 200 related research papers. The great theory is to carry forward, to guide the way to learn, it can be said that it is the era of the inheritance of chinese Chinese dialects.
The tutor inherits both ancient and modern cultivation
"If you ask about the strange place here, but there are hills and ravines in the chest of the Dao." Zhao Zhenduo's path of study and governance had a certain particularity in that era, the origin of family learning, laying a solid foundation in the traditional "primary school", turning to many teachers, fully receiving modern academic training, and finally becoming a generation of linguistics from the profound cultivation of traditional linguistics and modern linguistics.
Since the Han Dynasty scholars Lin Lu Wengru and Yang Xiong, Shuzhong has had a unique linguistic tradition. In modern times, Linguists in Shuzhong have been more talented. Once, when I visited Mr. Zhao Zhenduo, he opened the "Biography of a Modern Chinese Linguist (Volume IV)" on the shelf and pointed out to the author the name of his grandfather Zhao Shaoxian, not far away, which was Zhao Zhenduo's name, and the name of his uncle Yin Menglun was also selected for the book. To understand the academic history of modern Chinese linguistics, the "Biography of Modern Chinese Linguists" written under the auspices of the Chinese Chinese Society is a must-read book, which summarizes the development process of Chinese and Chinese linguistics over the past hundred years with characters as the scripture and scholarship as the weft, and it is rare for a family to be selected as three famous linguists.
The Zhao clan in Shuzhong is an academic family and a famous educational family. In 2021, the Ministry of Education will announce the list of the first batch of 100 educational families in the country, setting up a model for learning, doing things and being a person in families and schools. Zhao Zhenduo's family won one of the hundred families, four generations of a family, 9 teachers, the heart of education, to learn to pass on the family, for the country to educate talents, for the Chinese excellent cultural inheritance and talent training has made outstanding contributions.
Zhao Zhenduo's grandfather Zhao Shaoxian (1884-1966) was a famous philologist in mainland China, who was the head of the department of Chinese of Sichuan University, and in terms of academic thinking, he succeeded the masters of the Qianjia school such as Dai Zhen, Duan Yujie, and Wang's father and son, and had many contacts with Zhang Taiyan and Huang Kan, and wrote more than ten kinds of works. All out of the door. Cheng Qianfan once praised his people and his learning: "For three hundred years since Qianjia, he has been a Scholar of Si, both refined and specialized, and mr. Only one person. Zhao Zhenduo's father, Zhao Youwen (1906-1993), was an older generation of mainland historians, who ruled the history of the Southern and Northern Dynasties of Wei and Jin, engaged in the study of the "Three Kingdoms" all his life, wrote "Notes on the School of Cao Zhiji" and "Notes on the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", and successively taught at Sichuan University, Northwest University, etc. Later, because he was familiar with the historical materials of the Wei and Jin dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, he was transferred to the Institute of History by Guo Moruo, then president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. When he was young, Zhao Zhenduo read the Three Character Classic from his father Zhao Youwen, using Zhang Taiyan's reprint of the Three Character Classic. Zhao Zhenduo's uncle Yin Menglun (1908-1988), who was a professor at Sichuan University and Shandong University, studied under Huang Kan in his early years and was guided by Zhang Taiyan, and had a broad and profound foundation in all aspects of traditional Chinese linguistics. It can be said that from famous scholars such as his grandfather, father and uncle, Zhao Zhenduo's study and governance were profoundly influenced by the Zhanghuang School in many aspects.
The "primary school" of traditional Chinese scholarship involves writing, phonology, and exhortation, and is the basic study of ancient governance. Zhao Zhenduo was influenced by his family's learning from an early age and practiced the "Tong Zi Gong" of traditional linguistics. His grandfather was Zhao Zhenduo's "first teacher" and had the most profound influence on him. At the beginning of primary school, his grandfather taught him to read the "Book of Poetry" and "Zuo Zhuan", every morning he needed to recite the content of the day's explanation before going to school, junior high school read the "Book of Rites", high school "Commentary on the Interpretation of The Field", grandfather strict requirements, Duan Yujue's book on the meaning of words, the system of famous things and chapters, etc. must be studied one by one, read five words a day, read three years. In 1948, Zhao Zhenduo was admitted to the department of Chinese of Sichuan University, and his grandfather instructed him to read phonology, punctuation of "Guangyun" after class, requiring attention to clear and voiced sounds, and annotating with different color pens. In 1952, after graduating from university, Zhao Zhenduo stayed on to teach at the school, and his grandfather instructed him to punctuate the Classic Interpretation and study the Guangyun Shuzhi. It is precisely because of the rigorous family style that Zhao Zhenduo laid a solid foundation in traditional linguistics, and the characters, rhymes, and precepts are all understood.
"Learn and then know the inadequacy, teach and then know the difficulty." After staying in school, Zhao Zhenduo was assigned to teach in the language and writing group of the Department of Chinese of Sichuan University, and served as a teaching assistant to Professor Zhen Shangling, thus beginning to contact modern linguistics. Zhen Shangling returned from Yale University in 1951 and mainly studied modern linguistic theory, teaching courses such as "Introduction to Linguistics" and "Chinese Chinese Dialects". In his teaching assistant work, Zhao Zhenduo deeply felt that many theories had never been heard before, and he consciously had not yet stepped into the door of modern linguistics. In order to learn the linguistic theory course well, he suddenly learned Russian, and after more than a month, he read with the help of a dictionary, and spent half a year reading through the "Introduction to Linguistics" written by the Soviet scholar Chikobava, and the level of foreign languages has been greatly improved.
In 1953, Peking University opened a linguistics teacher training class, accepting 7 teachers from all over the country to study linguistics, Zhao Zhenduo was among them, in addition to Wuhan University Li Gefei, Nankai University Chen Jian, Yunnan University Wu Jinren, Northwest University Yang Chunlin, Lanzhou University Gu Zheng, Jilin University Xu Shaozao, these people later in the Chinese and Chinese linguistics circles have been quite successful.
In Yanyuan, Zhao Zhenduo studied linguistic theory with Mr. Gao Mingkai (1911-1965). During this period, he also studied with Wei Jiangong, Yuan Jiahua, Zhou Zumo, Li Rong, Wang Li, Cen Qixiang and other gentlemen. At that time, Peking University's linguistics-related courses, such as Zhou Zumo's "Language Vocabulary" class, Wei Jiangong's "Grammar" class, Wang Li's "Chinese History", Cen Qixiang's "General Linguistics", etc., were fully absorbed by Zhao Zhenduo. In his view, "the two years of Peking University are a very critical period, because the methods of traditional linguistics were learned before; after Peking University, modern linguistic methods were learned." It was a lot of work, but it was very rewarding, and it helped me apply the theories of modern linguistics to traditional linguistics."
In 1955, after the completion of his studies at Peking University, Zhao Zhenduo returned to Sichuan University to serve as a teacher for courses such as "Introduction to Linguistics" and "Modern Chinese". From 1959 to 1961, he was sent to the Soviet Union to give lectures, teaching courses such as "Modern Chinese", "Introduction to Chinese Culture" and "Brief Introduction to Chinese Language" at the Moscow Institute of International Relations and Moscow University. During his two years in the Soviet Union, Zhao Zhenduo took full advantage of the convenience of obtaining academic materials to eagerly study Western linguistic theory, and in addition to teaching, he spent all his time in the Lenin Library (now the Russian State Library), going through academic books and materials that were not easy to read at that time. During his lectures in the Soviet Union, Zhao Zhenduo wrote down dozens of notebooks in the library, which greatly broadened his academic horizons. The organic combination of modern linguistic vision and traditional linguistics has laid a solid foundation for Zhao Zhenduo's academic life.
He presided over the "two majors" in compiling and researching and advancing together
The most profound point of Zhao Zhenduo's academic career is lexicography, engaged in the dictionary business for more than 40 years, presided over the "two majors" ("Hanyu Da Zidian" and "Hanyu Da Dictionary"), with remarkable achievements. At the same time, as the deputy editor-in-chief of the two great works of "Hanyu Da Zidian" and "Hanyu Da Dictionary", only Zhao Zhenduo is a scholar in the country. In addition, he also participated in the compilation of the "Chengdu Dictionary" and "Sichuan Encyclopedia", covering dictionaries and dictionaries, general language dictionaries and encyclopedia dictionaries, small, medium-sized, and large dictionaries, or presided over their affairs, or guided the study after study, all of which were personally done.
China has a long tradition of lexicography, but the situation of "big country and small dictionary" has long been a pain point in the Chinese and Chinese dialects circles, which is not commensurate with the status of Yangyang cultural power. In May 1975, the "Symposium on the Planning of The Compilation and Publication of Chinese and Foreign Language Dictionaries" was held in Guangzhou, at which the compilation plan of 160 kinds of dictionaries was determined, which was not only a landmark meeting of the national dictionary compilation cause, but also the starting point for Zhao Zhenduo's transition from linguistic research to linguistic research combined with lexicographic compilation and dictionary research.
Zhao Zhenduo has a clear understanding of the important role of dictionary compilation in the social life of the country: "Dictionaries are indispensable in social life, and society needs dictionaries. "A nation needs national education in the process of its occurrence and development, and language education is an important part of national education." Dictionaries are an important tool for learning languages. The dictionary also provides the reader with the necessary scientific and cultural knowledge. ”
The Hanyu Da Zidian is an important large-scale language dictionary in the dictionary compilation plan, which is determined to be co-authored by experts from Hubei and Sichuan provinces. Zhao Zhenduo took the initiative to ask for help, first, the dictionary writing combined with his own profession, and second, the dictionary can be said to be a kind of "big country heavy weapon" in the cultural world, which is meaningful to the people, and he devoted himself to the compilation of the dictionary with great enthusiasm. The Hanyu Da Zidian is presided over by Li Gefei in Hubei and Zhao Zhenduo in Sichuan, with the two as executive deputy editors. The editor-in-chief was initially vacant, and in November 1979, the Ministry of Education was followed by Mr. Xu Zhongshu as the editor-in-chief. The Hanyu Da Zidian Compilation Office was established in Sichuan, and Zhao Zhenduo served as the deputy director of the Compilation Department and presided over the daily business work of the Compilation Department. The compilation of the Hanyu Da Zidian began in 1975 and was completed in 1990, for 16 years, Zhao Zhenduo went deep into the front line of compilation, looking up materials, checking literature, formulating outlines, writing examples, and often paying attention to aspects that general dictionary compilers did not pay much attention to. Zhao Zhenduo stressed: In the compilation of dictionaries, we must pay attention to "four situations in which ancient books are staggered," and the main reasons for the errors in books are "unintentional mistakes" and "intentional mistakes." Inadvertent mistakes, such as the low level of the person who copied the school book, the careless copying, the negligence of the engraver, etc.; the mistake of the heart, refers to the book arranger tampering with the original book for some reason. "Hanyu Da Zidian" collects more than 50,000 characters in chinese characters, which is the dictionary with the largest collection of Chinese characters in the world today, with a total number of more than 20 million words, which can be called "the archive of Chinese characters", and is the largest Chinese dictionary at home and abroad after the "Kangxi Dictionary" and "Zhonghua Da Zidian", which is the largest Collection of Character Books of past dynasties.
In 2012, the compilation of the second edition of the Hanyu Da Dictionary began, with Comrade Hua Jianmin as the editor-in-chief, and Zhao Zhenduo, Jiang Shaoyu and Zhang Bin as the deputy editors. At the age of 84, he diligently and earnestly threw himself into it, and after the "draft for comments" was sent to him, he read them one by one, and criticized them on the books. At present, the compilation of the second edition of the Hanyu Da Dictionary is still continuing, and the new content will reach 20%, which is expected to reach 25 volumes and is expected to be completed in 2023.
Based on the practice of lexicography compilation such as the Hanyu Da Zidian, Zhao Zhenduo combined the compilation of dictionaries with scientific research, "editing" and "researching" at the same time, and practicing "theory" with "practice". His research areas involve all aspects of dictionaries, including word collection, ancient and modern phonetic pronunciation, paleography, interpretation problems, documentary evidence examples, etc., and he has written a large number of lexicographical theoretical treatises, and has published works such as "Ancient Dictionary History", "Dictionary Outline", "Dictionary Theory", "Dictionary Theory", "Dictionary Theory", "Dictionary Thesis Collection", and more than 80 dictionary research papers, such as "Trivia of Yi Xiang", "Review of Pronunciation and Anecdote", "About Partial Meaning Compound Words", "Dictionary Miscellaneous Discussion", "Speaking False Characters", "Character Source Examination and Character Head Arrangement", "Collection and Character Interpretation of Paleography" wait. Zhao Zhenduo's academic work has built a systematic theoretical system for modern lexicography, fundamentally changed the situation in which there are many achievements in the compilation of dictionaries and few theories in the mainland, and enriched the research on the theory of lexicography of Chinese characters.
Zhao Zhenduo's contribution to the study of lexicography, for the discipline construction of modern Chinese lexicography undoubtedly has the foundation and pioneering merit, has had a greater impact at home and abroad, its lexicography academic activities were included in the University of Exeter Dictionary Research Center report, the report includes important lexicographers around the world, China since the Han Dynasty Yang Xiong descended, only more than 60 people, Zhao Zhenduo is listed among them. In 2006, Zhao Zhenduo won the first "Lifetime Achievement Award for Chinese Dictionary", which can be said to be a milestone figure in the history of modern Chinese lexicography.
Author of books and lectures, he is good at it
"JiYun" is another large-scale official rhyme book in the Song Dynasty after "Guangyun", with more than 50,000 characters and more than 30,000 characters, rich in phonetics, meanings, and character meanings, and has an important role in phonology, exegesis, philology, lexicography and other aspects. Zhao Zhenduo believes that the school's dredging of the book will be of great benefit to the use of this dictionary and the inheritance of the important cultural heritage of the mainland.
In 1990, after the compilation of the Hanyu Da Zidian was completed, zhao Zhenduo, who was 62 years old, was ready to retire, but he was rated as a doctoral supervisor of Chinese history by the Degree Review Committee of the State Council, and he devoted himself to teaching and scientific research with enthusiasm. His specialized study of the Collection of Rhymes also began at this time.
However, in retrospect, Zhao Zhenduo's interest in "Jiyun" originated in 1956, when the mainland deployed the "Twelve-Year Plan for Philosophy and Social Sciences" and organizationally called on young people to "march toward science", and he intended to learn from his grandfather Zhao Shaoxian's path of sorting out "Guangyun" and study "Jiyun". "Ji Yun" is difficult to treat, the material is huge and complex, the research difficulty is worse than "Guang Yun", the Qing Dynasty Duan Yujie, Wang Niansun and other academic masters have the heart of this, but it has not been completed, and it cannot be done without decades of kung fu. Grandfather Zhao Shaoxian suggested that he read more books and consider special books after accumulating some accumulation.
In 1975, Zhao Zhenduo and Li Gefei discussed the compilation of the Hanyu Da Zidian and believed that the JiYun contained many words, and if we clarified the ins and outs of those words, we could greatly promote the compilation progress of the Hanyu Da Zidian. Therefore, in the process of compiling the dictionary, Zhao Zhenduo tried his best to collect and copy the relevant materials of the "JiYun" that he came into contact with, and he used the discarded large dictionary working book to cut and paste two "Ji Yun" as the working base, and recorded the collected data on it, and by the time the dictionary was completed, the information he collected was already considerable.
1989 Hanyu Da Zidian compilation and discussion work photo
In 1989, the Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books was published by the Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, from which he learned more about the edition and research of "JiYun", found that the previous investigation and research work was not enough, and was determined to find an opportunity to visit books all over the country to make up for the shortcomings.
In 1990, Zhao Zhenduo's doctoral fund project "Jiyun Correction" was approved, with a fund of 5,000 yuan, and he took out part of his savings and went to shanghai library, Fudan University library, Ningbo Tianyige Cultural Management Institute, Hangzhou University library, Nanjing library, Beijing library (now the National Library) and other visits, and consulted many rare books.
Based on this trip, Zhao Zhenduo proposed two ways to study "Jiyun": first, summarize the results of the proofreading of predecessors, and compile the "Jiyun" schoolbook that can be used on this basis, so that later scholars can rely on it when using the book; second, from the previous generation of documents, hook out the materials that can prove the source of the sound meaning in the "Jiyun" book, enrich its content, and make it better play the role of the reference book. This academic program can be called a huge plan and a difficult task.
Zhao Zhenduo methodically improved in the study of "Collection of Rhymes", accumulated thick and thin, and the results continued to emerge, bringing many surprises to the academic community. In 2006, "Jiyun Research" was published by the Language Publishing House, which comprehensively and systematically sorted out and analyzed "Jiyun" from the perspective of lexicography and philology. In 2012, "Jiyun SchoolBook" was published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, which was based on Gu Qianli Jiaqing's nineteenth year (1814) reconstruction of Cao's engraving, supplemented by five kinds of Song Ben, Shadow Song Ben and more than 30 kinds of Qing ren achievements as school books, and made a comprehensive proofreading of "Ji Yun", which is the first time in the academic circles to comprehensively and systematically sort out "Ji Yun", which has both proofreading texts and words, as well as the examination of the canonical system and character deeds, which is an important research practice and historical responsibility in the history of "Ji Yun" research.
At present, the 94-year-old Zhao Zhenduo is still cultivating on the road of "Jiyun" research, and the "Jiyun Shuzhi" that is being sorted out is a collection of works of "Jiyun" research, on the basis of "Jiyun Research" and "Jiyun Schoolbook", the dredging proof of glyphs, sounds and meanings has been completed, and 8 volumes have been completed, with a total of 3 million words.
Books are outstanding, but it is difficult to prepare well. In order to be rigorous, Zhao Zhenduo did not ask for an assistant, insisted that every word was personally entered into the computer, and worked regularly for two or three hours every morning and afternoon. In order to facilitate scientific research, he learned to operate a computer from the age of 63 in 1991 and has been working on a computer ever since. Zhao Zhenduo said that the number of words in the "Collection of Rhymes and Loose Evidence" is large, and many "strange words" are not in the library, which needs to be technically processed, and the entry is time-consuming, if it goes smoothly, it is expected to be completed in 2022.
In 2013, Zhao Zhenduo won the first prize of the 15th "Wang Li Linguistics Award" for his "Collection of Rhymes Schoolbook". The award is the highest honor in the field of Chinese Chinese dialects, and is awarded to Chinese scholars who have made outstanding contributions to the current situation or historical research of Chinese or other languages in China. In fact, since the establishment of the "Wang Li Linguistics Award" in 1986, a total of 19 sessions have been selected, and the first prize has often been vacant, and only 9 first prizes have been awarded so far. As a masterpiece in the study of "Ji Yun", Zhao Zhenduo's "Ji Yun School Book" won this honor. In the same year, the book also won the second prize of the National Ancient Books Collation and Publication Award, and in 2014, it won the "First Global Chinese Sinology Dictionary" Sinology Achievement Award.
In Zhao Zhenduo's view, a linguist should "return from the covenant" and have a wide range of knowledge, especially in the field of linguistics, from writing, phonology, exegesis, to traditional languages, modern language theories, and ancient geography, ancient animals and plants and other fields of knowledge need to be possessed.
Zhao Zhenduo is well versed in this and has studied all aspects of linguistics. The History of Ancient Dictionaries (1986), the Outline of the History of Hermeneutics (1988), and the History of Chinese and Chinese Dialectics (2000) are the manifestations of Zhao Zhenduo's historical concepts. In the large field of language, he also wrote "Knowledge of Ancient Literature" (1980), "Outline of Exegesis" (1987), "Outline of Phonology" (1990), "Outline of Lexicology" (1998), "Essence of Piao Wen" (1999), "Dictionary Theory" (2001), etc. It is precisely because of the profound ability to read the history of linguistics that Zhao Zhenduo's language research has reached the realm of "hills and valleys in his chest", and only by clarifying the historical origin and development and evolution of language elements from a broad perspective of the overall situation can he truly recognize the characteristics of language.
After enlightenment, learn the golden needle degree people
The Book of Rites and Learnings says: "The good singer makes people follow his voice, and the good teacher makes people follow his aspirations." "In 1952, after graduating from the department of Chinese of Sichuan University, Zhao Zhenduo stayed on to teach so far, and in 2022, he spent a full 70 years, setting up accounts for Bashu, lecturing in all directions, and teaching people tirelessly.
The Chinese academic community has a humanistic tradition of celebrating the academic birthday of the predecessors, and the relevant scholars have carefully written papers to celebrate the birthday, which have been collected into an academic commemorative collection of essays. Open the Editorial Board Huizhi's "Tao Lin Ya Collection: Mr. Zhao Zhenduo's 88th Birthday and The 65th Anniversary of Teaching", which contains eclectic articles, ranging from the distinction between one tone and one word, to academic controversy and discipline development, including phonology, writing, exegesis, vocabulary, grammar, dialect, dictionary, literature, etc., covering all aspects of Chinese literature linguistics. The content of the liberal arts and richness reflects the hard work and harvest of his disciples in various fields of literature and linguistics, and also reflects Zhao Zhenduo's tolerance and extensive involvement in learning, among which there is a common style of study - advocating words and doing exquisite scholarship.
Looking back on his teaching career, Zhao Zhenduo jokingly called it "three posts": in 1979, he began to recruit master's degree students; in 1990, when he was ready to retire, he was rated as a doctoral supervisor, and began to recruit doctoral students for the second time, and in 2000, he handled retirement; in 2006, the college invited the 78-year-old to "three jobs" to continue to train doctoral students. Zhao Zhenduo has trained 12 masters, 14 doctors, 3 visiting scholars, xuehai swing boats, golden needles, and people, sending them to the other side of happiness, and now, they have become experts and scholars with specialization and achievements in the field of Chinese and Chinese and chinese languages.
"Mr. Zhao is a gentleman who always faces everything with a smile. His strict requirements and good inducements were all accomplished in an atmosphere of laughter and laughter. Wang Qiming, a distinguished professor at Southwest Jiaotong University, is a disciple of Zhao Zhenduo, dedicated to the collation and publication of Chinese language and philology and ancient books. Wang Qiming recalled that in the 1980s, he met with Mr. Zhao twice in lectures and academic conferences, and although he did not have deep friendships at that time, Mr. Zhao left him with the impression of being knowledgeable and easy-going. In the autumn of 1991, he took a box of tea leaves and invited Mr. Zhao to sit in the Zhao Mansion in Taolin Village, Sichuan University, and then bowed respectfully and respectfully, and then entered the division and became Mr. Zhao's open door doctoral student. Zhao Zhenduo has strict academic requirements, and he always uses blue pen, red pen and green pen to change the student's paper once, and after careful approval, he finalizes it with a black pen. Zhao Zhenduo in life is also wide and harmonious. Wang Qiming said: "Whether in life or work, Mr. Wang is always our solid arm. If we have a little achievement, or if there is any confusion, we always have to report it sir. The grace of the gentleman, the mountains and rivers are long, and with the passage of time, this impression becomes even stronger. ”
Liu Li, president of Beijing Language and Culture University, was admitted as a doctoral student of Zhao Zhenduo in early 1993, and was mainly engaged in teaching and research on ancient Chinese, Chinese grammar, chinese grammar history, and Chinese vocabulary history. His doctoral dissertation, "Research on Pre-Qin Chinese Auxiliary Verbs," was a very difficult subject, and Liu Li said: "From the beginning of the selection of the topic to the completion of the first draft, every step was taken under the guidance of Mr. Zhao. Under the guidance of Mr. Zhao, Liu Li put a lot of effort into possessing the corpus, and the materials cited in the paper, from the "Book of Shang", "Book of Poetry", and Jin Wen, down to "Mozi", "Zhuangzi", "Xunzi", "Han Feizi", and "Warring States Policy", also made detailed data statistics on the use cases in each ancient book. In addition, he learned from Mr. Zhao, actively and cautiously absorbed the procedures and methods of modern linguistic analysis of language, and applied semantic distribution, sentence pattern comparison, substitution and rewriting techniques to the analysis of ancient language facts, so that the grammar and semantic functions of auxiliary verbs could be clearly revealed. Liu Li said that following Mr. Zhao's academic training during the study stage is the foundation of his life's scholarship.
"Looking back on my life, my days have not been in vain, and I can also submit a poor examination paper." I hope that I will be able to complete the work I have scheduled for a year, as well as the spring and autumn. Zhao Zhenduo said.
Zhao Zhenduo has been engaged in academic research for more than 70 years, which has deeply infected the younger generations. His son, Zhao Kai, said that his father loved zhongxin Chinese the study of dialects, was strict with himself, was generous and warm to his children, and was also a teacher and friend to his students. There are often guests visiting the family, or asking questions or visiting greetings, and the father must pack up and receive warmly, and call the other party an hour or two before the agreed time to care about "where is it". He lives a regular life, falls asleep on time, sleeps for 10 hours a day, and then starts working. Recently, the old man was hospitalized due to illness, still worried about the unfinished "Collection of Rhymes", hoping to return to his desk as soon as possible to type with his skilled "One Finger Zen".
"Learn until you don't stop." Zhao Zhenduo summed up the experience of academic life into four points to learn later: First, keep pace with the times, and it is very important to update knowledge. Second, teaching and scientific research should be closely integrated, and both hands should be grasped. Third, be peaceful as a person and learn. Fourth, a healthy body is the foundation of everything. Zhao Zhenduo's meticulous research attitude, the spirit of learning with the times, the academic vision of both ancient and modern studies, and the academic achievements of erudition and proficiency can be called the responsibility of the era of the inheritance of Chinese and Chinese dialects.
(Author Affilications:School of Humanities, Southwest Jiaotong University; China Social Sciences Magazine)
Editor: Yan Qi