Recently, the State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology of Southwest University released important research results, and after 10 years of research, the secret of mulberry chromosome evolution was finally revealed. This is another major breakthrough in the laboratory after the world's first sericulture genome framework map and the whole genome map of mulberry trees.
How to quickly screen out the dominant core germplasm from a large number of germplasm resources is an important scientific issue concerned by all disciplines. Mulberry germplasm resources are extremely rich and extremely complex, how to sort out the mulberry germplasm resources, from thousands of mulberry germplasm to sort out the core advantages of the germplasm?
Professor He Ningjia of the State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology of Southwest University focused on chromosome evolution, through the early research and analysis of chromosomes, after ten years, he found out the law of mulberry chromosome evolution, was able to accurately detect and classify mulberry germplasm resources, and also found that mulberry trees have two chromosome bases of 7 and 14, and creatively proposed the theory of "mulberry chromosome rupture - fusion cycle".
"The research data found that they are not so simple, some chromosomes in the 7 chromosome cardinality can be broken into multiple chromosomes in the 14 chromosome base, and some of the 14 chromosomes can also be fused into one of the 7 chromosomes. It shows that they are not simple one-to-one correspondences, but more complex, belonging to the cytological relationship. He Ningjia said: "After understanding this relationship, we have a deeper understanding of the chromosome base of our mulberry trees, which provides a good foundation and theoretical basis for our future breeding and resource collation." ”
Mention of mulberry trees, everyone will immediately think of words such as "ancestral silkworm reeling", "planting mulberry and raising silkworms", etc. Mulberry trees have always been the traditional indigenous tree species of the mainland, and it is also an important ecological and economic tree species.
Sericulture genetic breeding expert, professor of Southwest University proposed to Academician Zhonghuai the development program of "lisang for industry, diversified development", in the State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology of Southwest University, from the analysis of the whole genome of mulberry trees to the secretion of the evolution of mulberry chromosomes, the mulberry team has cut thorns all the way to push the mulberry tree, a tree species with a heavy sense of history, to the forefront of botanical research.
Why bother to analyze the secrets of mulberry chromosome evolution? The answer to this question will fall on the four words "germplasm resources".
"Previous studies of the basic discipline of mulberry trees have been neglected, but this new discovery is groundbreaking, confirming that mulberry trees belong to the order Rose. Because the chromosome base of the rosacea is 7 and the mulberry tree is also 7, this explains the evolution rate of the mulberry genome, which is 4 times faster than the evolution rate of the rose tree. ”
Xiang Zhonghuai explained: "The rapid evolution of the genome, in terms of its genetic diversity, the use of mulberry trees has a prominent role in ecological adaptability. ”
Upstream journalist Zhang Hao