China's food culture has a long history and has almost evolved into a culture. For thousands of years, after continuous summarization and innovation, people have formed a unique taste of Chinese cuisine, which is deeply engraved in the taste buds of the Chinese people. Diet is so important, and what pregnant women eat is even more important.
There are many nutrients needed by the human body, such as water, fiber, protein, vitamins, lipids and so on. Doctors generally follow this principle when giving dietary advice to pregnant women:
Wide spectrum of food
Thick and thin
Meat and vegetables are used together
Fruits and vegetables are shared
Drink water in moderation
Pregnant mother's misunderstanding
Once many expectant mothers find out they are pregnant, they begin to worry about their lack of this and that, and worry that their baby's nutrition is not complete enough. In their view, as long as it is helpful to the fetus, they should try to eat as much as possible, so as not to let the baby in their stomach lose at the starting line of physical development. However, the result is often the opposite...
Excessive vitamin intake
Some fat-soluble vitamins should not be overdose, which will cause accumulation poisoning, and may also cause fetal malformations, such as congenital heart disease and eye, palate, ear deformities, intellectual disabilities, etc. Vitamin D supplementation is too much, and it is also easy to cause soft tissue calcification in pregnant women.
Excess of trace elements such as zinc and iron
Zinc overdose can also be bad, and there are reports that zinc overdose may trigger preterm birth. Iron is also an essential trace element, and it is also necessary to supplement during pregnancy, but it is not better to remember that the more the better, too much iron supplementation will cause too much iron to accumulate in the body, causing tissue inflammation and multi-organ damage. Also pay attention not to take calcium and magnesium at the same time when taking iron, because calcium and magnesium will inhibit the absorption of iron.
Excessive fruit
Many expectant mothers desperately eat fruit in order to have a healthy and beautiful baby, and even eat fruits as vegetables.
The cellulose component in the fruit is not high, but the cellulose component in the vegetable is very high. Some fruits are high in sugar (such as watermelon, grapes, etc.) and excessive intake increases the chances of pregnant women developing gestational diabetes.
Overeating
Some expectant mothers eat more and do well, while exercising less, resulting in a significant overweight. The consequences of expectant mothers being overweight cannot be taken lightly, not only will it cause increased complications in pregnant women during pregnancy, which is not conducive to fetal growth, but also difficulties during childbirth.
It should be eaten like this
First trimester
Dietary principles: light and balanced
Most pregnant women in the first trimester will have an early pregnancy reaction, eat nothing fragrant, at this time can be according to the preferences of pregnant women, want to eat, eat less and more meals, choose easy to digest and promote appetite food to alleviate early pregnancy reaction, such as porridge, rusks, steamed buns, yogurt, orange juice and so on. Guarantee a high-quality protein and adequate vitamin intake. Such as chicken, lean meat, eggs, fish and shrimp, beans and soy products, dried fruits, fruits and vegetables.
Nutritional principles: reasonable and appropriate
Pay attention to the intake of folic acid in the first trimester and before pregnancy, because folic acid is related to the development of the fetus's nervous system. Many natural foods are rich in folic acid, such as a variety of green vegetables (such as spinach, lettuce, cabbage, etc.), and animal liver and kidneys, beans, fruits (bananas, strawberries, oranges, etc.), dairy products, etc. The supply of vitamins should also be sufficient. If the mother-to-be's early pregnancy reaction seriously affects normal eating, you can supplement the multivitamin tablets appropriately on the advice of your doctor.
Second trimester
Dietary principle: diversification
The second trimester is a period of rapid fetal development, and expectant mothers in the second trimester increase their weight rapidly. At this time, the expectant mother should supplement enough heat energy and nutrition to meet the needs of herself and the rapid growth of the fetus.
Nutritional principle: collocation
1. Both meat and vegetarian, thickness and fine collocation, diversified food varieties.
2. Avoid picky eating and partial eating, and prevent the lack of minerals and trace elements.
3. Avoid eating too much fried, greasy food, sweets, and fruits to prevent your weight gaining too quickly.
4. Pay due attention to supplementing iron-rich foods, such as animal liver, blood and beef, to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Supplementing with vitamin C can also increase iron absorption.
5. Pregnant women's demand for calcium has increased, and they eat more calcium-containing foods, such as milk, soy products, shrimp skins and kelp.
Third trimester
Dietary principles: eat less salt, eat less and eat more meals
Expectant mothers adjust their diets according to their own weight gain, storing the necessary energy for childbirth.
Nutritional principles: control, complete
1, the diet to ensure quality, complete variety.
2. Appropriately increase the intake of heat, protein and essential fatty acids (eating more marine fish can be conducive to the supply of DHA), appropriately limit the intake of carbohydrates and fats (that is, reduce the amount of staple foods such as rice and noodles, as well as fried, greasy and other foods), eat less fruits, and ensure appropriate weight growth.
3. Increase calcium and iron intake. Dairy, fish and soy products are consumed regularly; shrimp skins, animal livers and blood are high in iron and should be consumed regularly.
4. Pay attention to controlling the intake of salt and water.
5, for some high energy foods, such as sugar, honey and other sweets should eat less, to prevent appetite reduction, affecting the intake of other nutrients.
6, choose more small size, high nutritional value of food, such as animal food; reduce low nutritional value and large size of food, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, etc., pregnant women who feel stomach discomfort should eat less and more meals!
In addition, there are some necessary dietary contraindications:
1
Caffeinated beverages and foods
Pregnant women will experience nausea, vomiting, headache, rapid heartbeat and other symptoms after drinking in large quantities. Caffeine also enters the fetus through the placenta, affecting fetal development.
2
Strong tea, spirits, spices
Spice heat is easy to cause fire and constipation, and strong tea spirits are not good for pregnant women and fetuses.
3
monosodium glutamate
Eating too much MONOS glutamate can affect the absorption of zinc, which is not conducive to the development of the fetal nervous system.
Remember the following passage:
The variety is varied and the recipes are extensive.
Comprehensive use, comprehensive nutrition.
Meat and vegetables go hand in hand, and fruits and vegetables are complete.
It varies from person to person and from time to time.