The "Xiongnu" that caused people to suffer headaches in ancient times were which ethnic group on the mainland today? You may not believe it when you say it
Among the ancient Chinese emperors, the Qin Emperor Han Wu was two face-to-face figures, and they were considered to be the most powerful monarchs besides Genghis Khan, who once reached the level of being able to fight all over the world.
In the merit book of Qin Shi Huang and Emperor Wu of Han, the battle with the Xiongnu was a heavy stroke, and qin shi huang, who was more than 700 miles away from the Xiongnu, stood up the Great Wall. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty went further, directly relying on the fight against the Xiongnu, to fight a Silk Road and hegemony throughout Asia.
Logically, being able to pick up two super emperors with their own strength, the Xiongnu were able to do this, which was enough to comfort them. But what is more tragic is that although the Xiongnu have achieved two great emperors, they have gradually declined in the defeat of the battle against the Central Plains, and even withdrew from the stage of history. So the question is, where did this once-mighty opponent go?
Regarding the history of the Xiongnu, in fact, we have a very intuitive understanding in the textbook, which is the glorious record of Qin Shi Huang but the Xiongnu for more than 700 miles. Indeed, when Qin Shi Huang fought the Xiongnu like sun tzu, the Qin people's horseback riding and archery ability was not inferior to that of the Mongols. However, we must also admit that the Xiongnu were indeed still very powerful, because Qin Shi Huang was forced to build the Great Wall in order to deal with the Xiongnu.
After Qin Shi Huang was finished, the overlord of the Xiongnu people, Mao Dun Shan Yu, came out of the sky, and the front foot waited for Qin Shi Huang to die and then besieged Han Gaozu in Baideng. At that time, the Huns had achieved a miracle, and 400,000 majestic cavalry troops pressed the face of the founding monarch of the Han Empire to the ground and rubbed it. The Xiongnu found the field ravaged by Qin Shi Huang and left the Han Dynasty with an eternal shame.
In the subsequent history, the strength of the Xiongnu was naturally getting stronger and stronger, but the corresponding Han King's strength was also increasing day by day, so after the rule of Wenjing, he finally waited for the Han Wu Emperor.
Although It is said that Emperor Anwu became famous by fighting the Xiongnu in the First World War, beating the Huns directly to the letter of peace, even the Xiongnu king called himself a nephew. But we must also admit that the war between the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu was very fierce, and even with the existence of such figures as Wei Qing and Huo Fuyi, the Xiongnu still survived.
However, because Emperor Wu of Han was too strong, under the continuous blows, there was a serious division within the Xiongnu, and the Southern Xiongnu tribes as we know it were completely integrated into the Han culture, while the Northern Xiongnu could only survive in the north, of course, there were also good lucky times, defeated Li Ling and Li Guangli.
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the cooperation between the Southern Xiongnu and the Han Dynasty became closer and closer, and the two sides even joined forces to directly kill the Northern Xiongnu and drive the Northern Xiongnu out of the northern grasslands.
Judging from this record, the Northern Xiongnu withdrew from the historical stage in advance, but there are many questions about the whereabouts of the Northern Xiongnu.
According to official records, after the Northern Xiongnu were attacked by the Southern Xiongnu and the Han Dynasty, about 400,000 Huns chose to stay in the local area and integrated into the southern Xiongnu and Han cultural circles.
Others chose to go away, and most of them entered Central Asia and even Eastern Europe like a thousand seals. However, it is worth mentioning that in the early years, there was a rumor that the Han Dynasty drove out the Huns, and the Huns fought westward, which set off a butterfly effect, which eventually led to the end of the Roman Empire and the dynastic change of the entire European world.
This claim is highly questionable, but it is certain that a considerable part of the migration of the Huns remained in Central Asia, and they even became very powerful European mercenaries. They probably settled in the Don region at that time, as well as in the Caucasus.
As for the part that invaded Europe, they were called huns, and these people became not only mercenaries, but also exterminating locusts, causing a very terrible phenomenon of invasion along the way. This is the fate of the Northern Xiongnu.
So the question is, since the Northern Huns have settled in Central Asia and Europe, what kind of destination does the Southern Huns have?
Judging from the historical records, the Southern Xiongnu began to live a very moist life, and the more representative one is Hu Han Evil Shan Yu, who not only received great attention from the Han Yuan Emperor, but also aroused Wang Zhaojun. However, later, the Han Dynasty itself was difficult to protect, and the world was divided, so some ambitionists among the Xiongnu began to have different thoughts.
But they still underestimated the remnants of the Han Dynasty, only 1/3 of the power of the Han Dynasty, and in the north represented by Cao Cao, the imperial court suppressed them to death, and even divided them into 5 parts.
For a long time, from the Three Kingdoms to the middle of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Xiongnu simply did not have the ability to meddle in the history of the Central Plains, and they could only become laborers of farming tribes. However, history still gave them a chance, that is, the Western Jin Dynasty self-destruction, the Eight Kings of the Great Chaos War, the national defense army and the border guard army have been finished, so those princes began to ask for foreign assistance, the boss of the Southern Xiongnu Liu Yuan stepped forward and became the first king of the Five Hus in the Central Plains Dynasty.
In the midst of that great chaos, Liu Yuan and his descendants not only destroyed the Western Jin Dynasty, but also established the State of Zhao. But what is more tragic is that the era was too chaotic, and it was difficult for a regime to exist for more than a few decades, so the Xiongnu tribe was quickly overthrown by their former slaves, and the glory of the Huns ended.
According to historical records, a considerable part of the Xiongnu at that time were enslaved by the Xiongnu people and even assimilated. Others chose to follow the central plains regime changes with the Han and with the Han, and a considerable number of them became the reform ministers during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei.
Of course, in the process of the Wuhu chaos, a considerable number of Huns died in the war. Many others choose to integrate inland or migrate to the inner Mongolia region in the north.
During this period, after experiencing the Contradictions between Hu and Han during the Tang Dynasty and the An Lushan Rebellion, the Xiongnu regime completely disappeared, and even the major deficiencies no longer existed, most of them were integrated into the Han culture, and even their own language and history were gradually forgotten.
As a result, the Huns assimilated from various regions, some became Hungarians, some became Russians, and even a considerable number of them became Afghans. A considerable number of the Southern Xiongnu who remained in the Central Plains became Inner Mongolians. It can be seen that the historical transformation is uncertain, and the Xiongnu of that year could not escape this fate.