There were many feudal officials in the Qing Dynasty, among which the more cattle were the Nine Governors. They are:
Directly subordinate to the Viceroy, the Viceroy of Liangjiang, the Viceroy of Huguang, the Viceroy of Liangguang, the Viceroy of Sichuan, the Viceroy of Shaanxi and Gansu, the Viceroy of Yungui, the Viceroy of Fujian and Zhejiang, and the Governor of the Three Eastern Provinces.
The governors of the three provinces in the Middle East were more special, and it was always General Shengjing who was in charge of the northeast, and in the thirty-third year of Guangxu, this changed General Shengjing to the governor of the three eastern provinces.
So what happened to the last 9 governors of the Qing Dynasty, as the feudal officials at that time?
The first was Zhang Zhenfang, the governor directly under him.
Zhang Zhenfang is actually still very speechless, because he only served as the governor for 10 days, and the Qing Dynasty collapsed. Have you ever seen a feudal official who has been in office for such a short time?
Zhang Zhenfang is still relatively talented, and was admitted to the jinshi at the age of 29. After that, he worked at the grassroots level in the household department for 8 years. It was not until the time of the Eight-Nation Alliance's invasion of China that Zhang Zhenfang ushered in a turning point in her life.
At that time, Empress Dowager Cixi ran away with Guangxu, and Zhang Zhenfang and a group of colleagues followed close behind, catching up with Empress Dowager Cixi, and only then was she promoted. After Li Hongzhang's death, fellow villager Yuan took power, and Zhang Zhenfang finally had a good time to soar to the top and rose all the way to the Zhengerpin Jingtang.
At that time, Old Yuan occupied the position of Viceroy of Zhili for a long time, and it was not until Old Yuan was impeached and dismissed that Zhang Zhenfang had the qualification to act as acting Viceroy of Zhili.
After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhenfang once served as the governor and civil governor of Henan in the Republic of China, but unfortunately his relationship with old Yuan was too deep, and he missed the time of the Qing Dynasty, so he first supported the restoration of old Yuan, then supported Zhang Xun's restoration, and finally arrested because of the failure of Zhang Xun's restoration.
But who are they? The former governor of Zhili, who had a frightening relationship with his connections, was only imprisoned for 3 months before he came out on medical parole!
After that, Zhang Zhenfang no longer engaged in politics, and this thing is not played by ordinary people! Therefore, he abandoned politics and business, served as the chairman of various banks, and in short, the family was very rich. Zhang Boju, who is known as one of the four princes of the Republic of China, is the son of Zhang Zhenfang.
The second was Zhang Xun, the governor of Liangjiang.
Zhang Xun was too famous, and he was also a subordinate of Old Yuan, serving as the last governor of Liangjiang. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Xun was unique, and the whole army did not cut braids, so he was jokingly called the braid army, and Zhang Xun was also known as the braided marshal.
When Old Yuan was restored, Zhang Xun was made a first-class duke because of his active support. In 1917, Zhang Xun led the Braid army into Beijing under the pretext of mediating the dispute between the government and the courtyard.
Not long after, at the instigation of Kang Youwei and others, Puyi was actually pulled back for restoration! Fortunately, only 12 days later, this farce was picked up by Duan Qirui's rebel army.
Zhang Xun was unable to resist Duan Qirui's attack, so he fled to the Dutch legation in a hurry, and eventually fell ill and died in Tianjin. He died at the age of 70.
The third was Duan Qirui, the governor of Huguang.
This is a legendary figure with a distinct personality, but mixed reviews. However, it is commendable that Duan Qirui's merits in creating a republic cannot be erased.
Obviously, Duan Qirui is also a member of Li Hongzhang's and Old Yuan's faction, which can be said to be old Yuan's concubine. But at the critical moment, Duan Qirui opposed Old Yuan, why is this?
This is related to Duan Qirui's three creations of the republic, the first time was to force the Qing Emperor to abdicate. The second time was to oppose the old Yuan's claim to the throne and support Li Yuanhong as the president. The third time was a crusade against Zhang Xun.
Although he has long held the military and political power of the Beiyang government, it is interesting that Duan Qirui has never been a president in his life, and has held the position of prime minister for a long time.
After the September 18 Incident, the Japanese forced Duan Qirui to go to the northeast to form a puppet regime, but Duan Qirui refused. In 1936, Duan Qirui died at the age of 72.
The fourth was Zhang Mingqi, the governor of Liangguang.
This guy knows the way of being an official, although he is a scholar, he has risen all the way by bribery. In particular, after bribing Prince Yili of Qing, he was given the post of Governor of Liangguang.
During his term of office, he coincided with the Xinhai Revolution, for which Zhang Mingqi decisively suppressed the revolutionaries and once commanded the suppression of the Huanghuagang Uprising. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, he knew that his sins were serious and simply ran to Japan.
It wasn't until Old Yuan was about to become emperor that the brothers thought of coming back to get a piece of the pie. Unfortunately, 83 days later, the old Yuan died, and Zhang Mingqi was helpless and ran to Tianjin again. After that, Zhang Mingqi completely went far.
In 1931, the September 18 Incident broke out, and Zhang Mingqi actually took the initiative to collude with Japanese agents. After the Lugou Bridge Incident in 1937, Zhang Mingqi became a traitor and followed the Japanese to work. Therefore, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Zhang Mingqi was cursed and died at the age of 71.
The fifth was Zhao Erfeng, the governor of Sichuan.
Zhao Erfeng was a fierce man, and his elder brother was the famous Shengjing general Zhao Erxun. We all know that Zuo Zongtang recovered Xinjiang, but in fact, Zhao Erfeng's contribution to pacifying Tibet was also quite large.
In 1911, the call for revolution grew louder and louder, and mutinies occurred frequently during this period. In sichuan, once there is a mutiny, it is difficult to get controlled, why? Because the Emperor of the Mountains is far away!
Therefore, a large number of chaotic soldiers looted everywhere, and at this time, Zhao Erfeng finally agreed to send troops to quell the rebellion at the joint request of the people. But why don't you have a soldier in your hand? The Qing court had no choice but to send a new army from Hubei to Sichuan to quell the rebellion, which led to the emptiness of Hubei's troops, which led to the later Xinhai Revolution.
Due to the relatively strong counterinsurgency efforts and the cruelty of Zhao Erfeng's methods in the previous road protection movement, zhao Erfeng was executed by the New Army in December 1912 after handing over his military power, at the age of 67. He was martyred for the Qing Dynasty.
The sixth was Chang Geng, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu.
Chang Geng served as the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu in the year of Puyi's ascension to the throne, and three years later, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, and Xi'an followed suit. When Chang Geng and his former governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, Sheng Yun, discussed how to quell the uprising, the edict of the Qing Emperor's abdication was issued!
What a thunderbolt on a sunny day! Chang Gung, as a Manchu nobleman, was naturally discouraged. After he handed over the Governor's Seal to the envoy Zhao Weixi, he left in anger and died 4 years later at the age of 72.
Seventh, Li Jingxi, the governor of Yungui.
Mention this name, I think everyone knows who he is! Li Jingxi was the nephew of Li Hongzhang and the third son of Li Hezhang. By virtue of relationships and banknotes, he was qualified to be an official.
After that, there was an uncle Li Hongzhang covered, was it not a good day? All the way up, I reached the position of Inspector of Guangxi. After Li Hongzhang's death, Li Jingxi also had his own connections, and in 1909 he became the governor of Yungui.
Because Li Jingxi had funded Cai Yi, when the Qing Dynasty fell, Cai Yi sent Li Jingxi to take refuge abroad. When he returned again, Li Jingxi naturally went to the Beiyang government as an official.
After the death of the elder Yuan, although Li Jingxi was still in a high position in the Beiyang government and even served as the premier, after Zhang Xun's restoration, Li Jingxi left his post and did not work. Li Jingxi died in Shanghai in 1925 at the age of 65.
The eighth was Song Shou, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang.
Obviously, this is another Manchu nobleman, relying on his family's connections to become an official smoothly. In 1907, as the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, at the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Song Shou also planned to suppress the revolutionary party in Fujian, but the result was a disastrous defeat.
In desperation, Matsushou chose to commit suicide by swallowing gold in his own home, thus martyrdom. Although he was a little foolish, it was understandable, who made the family a nobleman of the Qing Dynasty?
The ninth was Zhao Erxun, the governor of the three eastern provinces.
Zhao Erxun is too famous, that is, the president of the famous "Qing History Draft". At the age of 31, he entered the priesthood and the first, and then rose all the way up, serving as the governor of the three eastern provinces during the Xuantong period.
Don't think that people are just literati, and they work very hard. Especially during the Xinhai Revolution, the suppression of revolutionaries, not to mention the vigorous efforts.
After the establishment of the Republic of China, Zhao Erxun originally served as the governor of Fengtian, but unfortunately chose to resign in the end. Finally, at the invitation of Old Yuan, Zhao Erxun came to serve as the president of the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", which confirmed that the Qing Dynasty was gone. In 1927, Zhao Erxun died at the age of 83.