Sichuan Province is located in the inland region of southwest China, the capital city is Chengdu, Sichuan is known as the country of Tianfu. In fact, Sichuan has a very early human civilization, and in the late Neolithic Era, a highly developed ancient Shu civilization represented by the Baodun culture, the Sanxingdui site and the Jinsha site was formed, and the ancient Shu civilization and the Chinese civilization and the Liangzhu civilization were called the three ancient civilizations of China.
Sichuan is also a province with a large population, according to 2018 statistics, Sichuan Province has a population of more than 80 million people, ranking fourth in the country, which can be said to be a veritable province with a large population. However, what many people don't know is that most of today's Sichuan people are not native to Sichuan, but have migrated from other places to settle in Sichuan. Today, I will talk to you about the history of population migration in Sichuan.
According to the Huayang Guozhi, "'Yueyue County Huiwu (present-day Huili County, Sichuan) was a Pu people's settlement, and there were Pu people's tombs.'' During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Sichuan region established a Shu state centered on the ancient Shu people, so Sichuan was also known as "Shu". Here we can see that the ancestors of the indigenous people of Sichuan can be traced back to the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties.
The first relatively large-scale population migration from the outside to Sichuan dates back to the Warring States to Qin Shi Huang period, in 316 BC, the Qin Dynasty continued to fight on the road to unify the whole country, Qin Dafu Zhang Yi, Sima Zuo, and Coarse Wei Mo attacked Sichuan from Shiniu Road, the King of Shu at that time could only stubbornly resist, but because the Qin army was prepared, the soldiers were strong, the King of Shu resisted tenaciously in this battle, and also brought great losses to the Qin army, the generals of the Qin army were furious, and the shu people who were eliminated this time were countless, so that the indigenous people of Sichuan were sharply reduced. In order to be able to better rule and control the Shu land, and in order to make the Shu people better integrate into the Qin Dynasty, the later Qin Shi Huang transported nearly 40,000 Qin people to the Shu land.
The second large-scale migration is going to the Three Kingdoms period, everyone knows that the Three Kingdoms period is also one of the most chaotic periods in the history of the mainland, the princes in various places are in constant war, the Chinese in the Three Kingdoms period is also rapidly decreasing, Sichuan naturally can not be avoided, according to records, due to the war, the population of the Bashu region from more than four million to more than 800,000, if it were not for Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang later led hundreds of thousands of soldiers and horses into Shu, thus stabilizing the situation in Sichuan, so that the population stabilized, The hundreds of thousands of people and horses brought by Liu Bei himself were all Jingchu people, so Liu Huangshu, a large-scale immigrant from Sichuan, also took a credit.
However, the most important thing in the history of Sichuan immigration should be the Qing Dynasty during the lake to fill Sichuan, which has had the most far-reaching impact on the population history of Sichuan, the war is always a sharply reduced population killer, Sichuan because of the geographical location, rich resources, so often become a must for the soldiers, a lot of wars Sichuan are in the center, so to the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, according to the records we can see that the population of Sichuan at that time was only about 80,000 people, Do you dare to believe that a Large Sichuan Province actually has only such a small population.
In ancient times, the number of people was the primary productive force, and only where there were people could develop, so the Kangxi Emperor immigrated a large number of people from other regions to fill Sichuan, which is what we now call Huguang to fill Sichuan, and this population migration movement can be described as the longest and largest number of migrants in Chinese history, starting from the Kangxi period and lasting for nearly a hundred years.
The Kangxi Emperor of course implemented a series of policies to implement the immigration plan, Chinese from ancient times to the present there is a strong land plot, the Kangxi Emperor also took advantage of this to introduce as long as people who are willing to enter Sichuan, give the land acres as Yongye. This is a great good thing, but also the True Dragon Heavenly Son personally issued the holy will, near the water tower platform first to get the moon, so in the provinces near Sichuan such as Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Guangdong, Guangxi and other regions, the immigration army rushed to Sichuan.
In addition to granting land to the population moving into Sichuan, the Kangxi Emperor also gave certain policy support in taxation, stipulating that taxes should be levied after five years for those who immigrated to Sichuan, and that no tax would be added to their descendants. You must know that in ancient times, taxes were very heavy, and most of the common people were able to feed their families after paying taxes, and this policy was simply a pie in the sky for most people, and it also gave many people the hope of entering the middle class from the bottom. Therefore, a large number of Huguang people entered Sichuan, and according to records, nearly 1.55 million Huguang people entered Sichuan during the Kangxi Dynasty.
Due to the large influx of people into Sichuan, coupled with the policies of the Kangxi Emperor, the land of Sichuan was soon divided by the immigrant population, so it was not until the Tongzhi period that the longest-lasting immigration movement in history slowly ended, and the indigenous people of Sichuan in this period were already very few, and had become a big family for the integration of various ethnic groups in various regions.
From Huguang to Sichuan, although many of the ancestors of Sichuan are not indigenous people, as Chinese, everyone has the blood of Chinese descendants flowing through them, and they are working together for the rise of China!