Sichuan Baolu Sports Flyer
Zhao Erfeng's execution map
Zhao Erfeng, governor of Sichuan
Yin Changheng
□ Tian Wenyi
On the day of the beginning of December in the lunar calendar of Xinhai (1911), on the surface of stepping down, the last governor of the Qing court in Sichuan, who had handed over power to the military government of Sichuan in the Han Dynasty, was fierce and fierce, and Zhao Erfeng, who was known as a "butcher", sat dry in the Wufu Hall of the Governor's Office, which had not yet moved out, with a small calculation in his heart, and his stomach was full of knots——
A month ago, the situation was chaotic and the information was not good, and Chongqing and Rong County and other places declared independence. The chaotic Qing court sent Duan Fang to lead a new army from Wuhan, Hubei Province, into Sichuan to suppress the uprising and stabilize the chaos, and when the new army arrived at Zizhong, which was close to Chengdu, it announced the uprising, and cut off the duanfang Duanjin brothers and drove them back to Hubei... Taking advantage of this confusion, the revolutionaries launched a successful mutiny in Wuchang, Hubei Province, aimed at overthrowing the Qing court. In this case, zhao Erfeng, the new governor of the Qing dynasty, in order to protect himself and save himself, handed over power to the constitutionalists headed by Pu Dianjun; so the Military Government of Sichuan of the Great Han Dynasty was established.
On the surface, he surrendered power, but refused to move away from the Governor's Office, surrounded by the protection of 3,000 elite soldiers he had brought back from the Kangzang area. Zhao Erfeng soon regretted that the Qing court had still not surrendered power and abdicated; Pu Dianjun was politically naïve, ignorant of soldiers, and had room to exploit. Therefore, taking advantage of Pu Dianjun's military parade in the northern field, he planned and launched the Chengdu Mutiny, drove Pu Dianjun, who had been the governor for 12 days, from power, and put the whole splendid Chengdu in the depths of the water.
To capture Yin Changheng's delaying tactics
Just when the late Qing dynasty elders were expecting "Marshal Zhao to re-emerge from the mountains and clean up the mess", Yin Changheng, minister of military affairs of the Sichuan military government of the Han Dynasty, stepped forward and quickly cut through the chaos to quell the mutiny and stabilize the situation; Yin Changheng, who was only 27 years old, was elected as the governor of the new Sichuan military government of the Han Dynasty.
A hundred-footed worm, dead but not stiff. Zhao Erfeng knew that the shrewd and strong Governor Yin Du would definitely liquidate him. Therefore, he secretly ordered fu Huafeng, the acting minister of border affairs in Sichuan and Yunnan, to ignore the turbulent situation in Kangzang and quickly bring border troops to Chengdu to rescue him; at the same time, he secretly ordered Ye Quan, the old governor of Yunnan, to bring troops to Chengdu.
Just when Zhao Erfeng was calm on the surface and anxious in his heart, calculating the arrival of reinforcements, the general Tian Zhengkui came to report bad news to him: Fu Hua was finished. Zhao Erfeng's head buzzed, his whole body was a little numb, and he calmly asked Ye Quan again? Tian Zhengkui replied, seeing that Fu Huafeng was finished, Ye Quan also withdrew. Zhao Erfeng was trying to cheer up the extremely depressed Tian Zhengkui, the captain of the guard, He Mazi, came to the curtain to report, and the new military governor Yin Changheng asked to see him!
Yin Changheng, a 27-year-old young governor, had just stepped into the middle gate accompanied by He Mazi, only to see that the long Yongdao leading to Wufu Hall was lined with murderous patrols; they were all sheathed with bullets and knives, and the momentum was fierce, as if they were going to eat Yin Dudu.
Yin Changheng knew what was in his heart and smiled darkly. Above the lobby, Zhao Erfeng still had a mighty wind, "Your Capital Governor Ri Li Wanji, today condescending to come, I don't know what to see?" Yin Changheng replied very warmly and sincerely, "You and the second marshal (Zhao Erfeng's second brother Zhao Erxun, the former Governor of Chuan) are Changheng's successive superiors and have the grace of knowing Changheng. I came today to see Commander Ji (Zhao Erfeng Zi Jihe) and second, to express an attitude on behalf of the junta. ”
What attitude? It was expected that Ji Shuai would fulfill the agreement reached with the military government a month ago, and asked Zhao Erfeng to return to the arrow furnace (now Kangding) as agreed. Zhao Erfeng, who had three thousand heavy troops in his hands, did not agree to Yin Changheng's request. Unexpectedly, Yin Changheng warmly proposed that while he was in charge, it would be better to change the banner of the three thousand patrol troops in the hands of the marshal -- on the surface, it belonged to the military government, but in fact, in essence, it was still the commander's troops, completely under the command of the marshal, and all the supplies were provided by the military government. Zhao Erfeng bowed his head and meditated, between urgency and urgency, this is also a good way.
Seeing Zhao Erfeng's plan, Yin Changheng immediately summoned three thousand border troops to speak. Outside the Wufu Hall, there stood a courtyard full of officers and men of the border army on the third floor and three floors outside. Yin Changheng said, "Brothers of the Border Army, Grand Marshal Zhao Enzhun, from now on, you are nominally officers and men of the junta. Supplies and salaries are completely provided by the junta. Marshal Zhao owes you money, and the military government will immediately reissue it! The border troops cheered. Yin Changheng then stressed, "You are still the border troops of marshal Zhao, and you are completely under the command of Marshal Zhao. ”
When it came, Zhao Erfeng deliberately sent Yin Changheng out of the middle door, showing an intimate appearance. Yin Changheng specifically told Zhao Erfeng that his fiancée in Guangxi, Yan Ji, the daughter of the university scholar Yan Jihu, had returned to Chengdu and was ready to marry him on the same day. "If the grand marshal is not abandoned, please come at that time." Zhao Erfeng promised to congratulate him.
After politely saying goodbye, looking at Yin Changheng's distant back, Zhao Erfeng shouted tian Zhengkui face to face the opportunity.
The red candle burst Yin Changheng secretly killed
The splendid Chengdu of nine miles and three points has fallen asleep.
The new governor Of Governor Yin Changheng's mansion was silent, and outside the high walls, the beaters started three more. In the backyard of the mansion, a dim light poured out from a window ledge, and Yin Dudu was executing the case at night to approve the official documents.
The only private power plant in Chengdu, the Qiming Power Plant, has not yet resumed normal power supply due to military chaos. On Yin Dudu's desk were two large red candles, the candlelight jumping slightly, and he stared at the two telegrams on the table, concentrating on meditation. These were all received in the afternoon, one from Nanjing and the other from the "Shu Military Government" in Chongqing, which made him happy and worried. Nanjing informed him that in view of the fact that the Qing court had been overthrown by us, it was planned to establish a "Provisional Government of the Republic of China" in Nanjing in the near future, with Dr. Sun Yat-sen as the provisional president; the telegram from Chongqing was the response of the Chongqing Shu military government to his call for the merger of the two military governments of Chengdu and Chongqing. A sentence in the cable made him very moved: Today's affairs should focus on the national economy and the people's livelihood, and should not seek personal interests... For the sake of the Sichuan Bureau, I and others elected Yin Changheng as the governor of the unified Sichuan military government, and Zhang Peijue, the former governor of the Shu military government, as the deputy governor. However, the Chongqing Shu military government demanded that he must execute Zhao Erfeng, a "butcher" whose hands were stained with the blood of the Sichuan people.
Is Zhao Erfeng guilty of his crime?
Zhao Erfeng (1845-1911), zi Jihe, ancestral home of Xiangping (present-day Liaoyang, Liaoning Province), qing dynasty minister, shengjing general Zhao Erxun's brother. At first, he served in Guangdong with donations, and then successively served as Jingle and Yongji counties, and was appreciated by Xi Liang, the governor of Shanxi, who was transferred to sichuan and then went to Sichuan to serve. In May 1905, he was transferred to Jianchang Province, responsible for quelling the rebellion of the local toastmasters and handling the affairs of the Sichuan-Tibet region. Soon after, he was promoted to minister of border affairs in Sichuan and Yunnan. After Xi Liang left Sichuan, Zhao Erfeng acted as governor of Sichuan.
In February 1908, he was reappointed minister in Tibet, during which time he put down a rebellion planned by the upper nobility of Tibet. In April 1911, his brother Zhao Erxun was transferred to the governorship of the three eastern provinces, and Zhao Erfeng took over as the governor of Sichuan. After the rise of the Baolu Movement, he originally wanted to go to the imperial court to ask for the people's lives, but the Qing court urgently sent a telegram to Zhao Erfeng to suppress the Baolu Movement, and Zhao Erfeng trapped Pu Dianjun, Luo Lun, and nine other people who had come to the Superintendent's Office on the pretext of reading the telegram of the Ministry of Posts and Communications. When the news came out, the comrades' association organized the people to petition the governor's office to demand the release of Pu Dianjun and others, but they were shot and killed by the guards, resulting in the "Chengdu Blood Case".
The red candle flickered, and Yin Changheng secretly killed. But the most important thing in front of him is his wedding to Yan Ji.
A wedding feast but set the "ten-sided ambush"
Yin Changheng (1884-1953), formerly known as Changyi, Zi Shuoquan, and Taizhao, was a native of Shengping Town, Peng County (now Pengzhou City), Sichuan. He was the chief teacher (equivalent to the principal) of the Sichuan Army Accelerated Learning School and the minister of military affairs of the Sichuan military government. When he was a teenager, because of his tall stature and unusual appearance, the locals affectionately called him "Yin Eldest Son". Yin Changheng returned from studying in Japan and was introduced by his classmates to Zhang Mingqi, the inspector of Guangxi. After investigation, Zhang Mingqi believed that Yin Changheng had "the spirit of the Yuan Dragon and the talent of Fu Bo" and was hired to the Guangxi Army Academy as the provost. Soon, because Yin Changheng had close relations with the local alliance, he was politely expelled by Zhang Mingqi. Before leaving, he was favored by Mr. Yan Jihu and recruited as an unmarried son-in-law.
On this day, the Yinfu State Guest House on Heping Street in Chengdu was illuminated with lights, military and political officials, dignitaries and nobles flocked in, and in the large flower hall of the carved beam and painting building, the bride price was piled up into a mountain; dozens of tables were set up for the note flower banquet.
Yin Dudu is a new school, and the cumbersome etiquette of welcoming the new people is exempted, but it is not enough for the two old people, and the bride is not exempt from sitting in a flower palanquin. At dawn, Mrs. Yin sent a huge welcoming party to the Yan family to pick up the bride, which attracted the long street to watch.
At night, the tide rises like a tide. There is a world in the backyard of yin house. In the dim light, all the officers sitting behind the eight immortal tables were officers. They drink in big bowls, eat meat in big chunks, and it's very lively. Governor Yin Du took special care of them: there was no need to give gifts, but officers above the battalion level must give face - they all had to come and eat!
As the night grew darker, none of the officers left, and just now Governor Yin Du sent someone to send a message: Don't leave! He wants to meet with everyone and has something important to say. The officers were careful to find that the garden was standing guard before and after.
When Governor Yin Du, dressed in a robe and horse coat, hurriedly stepped into the back garden, the officers quickly stood up and saw that Governor Yin Du looked extremely grim. After scanning the whole field, Yin Changheng spoke, his voice was low and powerful, and the words were thousands of words: "There are urgent tasks to be completed by the princes tonight - capture Zhao Erfeng!" Only success, no failure! ”
It turned out that Governor Yin Du's grandeur of the wedding was deliberately paralyzing Zhao Erfeng. Yin Changheng instructed that when the battle began, all the troops would surround and not fight. At that time, if Zhao Erfeng's troops were to run in the direction of the lower lotus pond, they must ignore them and follow them. The cannons hit the air over the governor's office, not to hurt anyone, with the aim of upsetting Zhao Erfeng's military heart.
Capture Zhao Erfeng alive and behead the Imperial City Dam
The night was cold and dark, and I couldn't see my five fingers.
Zhao Erfeng was sick and very solid. Although I asked a doctor and took medicine, the high fever subsided, but the head was still pricked like a needle. When the night was hazy, he drove away all the people and said he would be quiet. Thoughts brought him to the splendor of Kangzang when he was the general star of the Snow Realm, and suddenly, he fell from the splendor at the top to the embattled situation. In the nap, I woke up in a dream, cold sweat. In the flickering candlelight, his wife Li Shi and concubine Dolma both knelt on the pedal in front of the bed, crying like tears, and their sons, Lao Jiu and Lao Si, shrank to one side, like frightened rabbits.
Zhao Erfeng knew that it was not good, so he propped himself up, leaned on the head of the bed, and beat his spirit. His wife sobbed: "After the fall of darkness, the military government mobilized a large number of soldiers to surround the governor's office and spilled a large number of leaflets, and people were panicked. Zhao Erfeng took the leaflet, and with a faint candlelight, he shook his hand and looked down: "The military government will gather tens of thousands of elite soldiers tonight to arrest Zhao Erfeng." The only person taken was Zhao Rebellion, and it had nothing to do with the kings. If you have a deep understanding of the great righteousness, you will arrest Zhao Erfeng and sacrifice him, and your officers will be promoted to the third rank, and the soldiers will be rewarded heavily. If he is an old commander and does not want to rebel against him, he can retreat from the lower lotus pond and wait for the military government to reorganize. ”
At this time, the Governor's Palace was already scattered. Those who can escape have fled, and those who cannot escape are all gray.
At dawn on December 22, 1911, Tao Zekun, the governor of the Han military government, led more than 100 people from the death squad to rush into the Gate of the Governor's Courtyard and force the 3,000 patrol troops guarding the Governor's Court to surrender their weapons and surrender. Subsequently, Tao Zekun led the team to rush to the Nanyuan official office, there was no guard outside the door, "bang", Zhao Erfeng's bedroom door was kicked open, a daredevil broke in, the gun in Dolma's hand sounded, and the daredevil who rushed in fell to the ground in response. Outside the daredevils also opened fire, and Tao Zekun broke into the house with the sound of gunfire, killing Dolma and capturing Zhao Erfeng.
The news that the military government had captured the "Zhao butchers" and wanted a public trial spread throughout the streets and alleys of Chengdu in an instant, and people rushed to the Imperial City Dam like a tide. When The well-dressed Governor Yin Du led the military government officers out of the Mingyuan Building, the huge Imperial City Dam was already crowded with people.
Governor Yin Du was condescending and counted Zhao Erfeng's criminal crimes: In order to get rich from promotion, you killed people like hemp, paved the road to ascension with mountains of white bones; with the blood of innocent people, stained the top of the frontier official on your head red, and earned the name of "butcher". In the Sichuan people's road protection movement in full swing, in order to win the favor of the Qing court and keep your seat, you single-handedly created the "Chengdu Blood Case" that shocked the whole country; you planned a mutiny and caused Splendid Chengdu to suffer an unprecedented catastrophe...
Yin Du Dou Huodi stood up, faced the black oppressive crowd under the stage, and asked in a loud voice: Can everyone hear my words with Zhao Erfeng?
Listen--clear--.
What to do with Zhao Erfeng? Everybody says!
kill! - Kill! Thousands of people in the audience spoke in unison, like rolling through the thunder.
The sun shone on Tao Zekun's body, he raised his large knife, and a cold light crossed, and the head with silver hair fell.
The death of a governor of Sichuan marks the entry of Sichuan into a new historical period.