When I was a child, I lived in the countryside and often had a film broadcast team come to the village to show movies. Every time I ate dinner very early, I carried a small bench to the head of the village to take a seat. At that time, the most watched film, and my favorite film, was "Tunnel Warfare". Whenever the theme song sounds, "Tunnel warfare, hey, tunnel warfare, ambush under the millions of divine soldiers, thousands of miles of great plains to launch guerrilla warfare." The village is connected to the village and the tunnel. The invaders dared to come, and the beating made his soul tremble with fear. He dared to come and beat everyone else on their horses. Everyone was very excited and began to hum along. That was the childhood memory of many people, and it was also the real scene of the older generation of revolutionary martyrs resisting Japanese aggression and sweeping up.
Most people don't know who the founder of "Tunnel Warfare" is, but the name Kuang Fu Zhao is deeply imprinted in the hearts of our Yongxin sons and daughters, and it is the pride of our Yongxin. The hero has passed away, but his glorious deeds and immortal spirit are still passed on.
On January 27, 1914, Kuang Fuzhao was born in Buqian Village, Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, to a poor peasant family. Because of his family's poverty, at the age of 10, he went to a tailor's shop in a neighboring village to work as an apprentice. At the age of 15, he joined the revolution and joined the local trade unions. In March 1932, he joined the Chinese Communist Youth League, and then led 8 members of the Communist Youth League to join the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. After enlisting in the army, Kuang Fuzhao was assigned to the Red Third Army Teaching Team, and after 5 months of military training, he was transferred to the Red Eighth Army in xianggansu district as a squad leader. Because of his bravery in battle, he joined the Communist Party of China in October 1933 and was later selected to study at the Fourth Branch of the Red Army in Xianggan. Four months later, he was transferred to the Ministry of Health of the 18th Red Division as a political counselor. He successively participated in the fourth and fifth "anti-encirclement and suppression" in the Soviet zone.
In 1934, during the anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, Kuang Fuzhao accompanied the Red Sixth Army to break through the western expedition. His troops fought an encounter with the Hunan warlord Li Jue's forces. In the heat of the battle, a bullet pierced his right shoulder blade and he fainted on the spot. At that time, the Red Army was poor and white, and the medicine was even more scarce, and after the doctor's all-out rescue, he miraculously survived.
As the old saying goes, "If you don't die, you will be blessed", and the omen who escaped death did not realize that death was approaching him again. On November 19, 1935, the Red 26th Army began its Long March. At this time, Kuang Fuzhao was already the deputy political commissar of the Forty-sixth Regiment of the Sixteenth Division of the Sixth Army of the Second Red Front. During an after-hours mission, he was ambushed by the enemy, and the highly myopic Kuang Fu Zhao was usually very difficult to see, because the conditions at that time did not wear glasses. By the time he found the enemy, the double-haired was already very close, and only then did he react, he pulled out his shell gun, raised his arm, launched a charge, and led the comrades of the whole battalion to break through. Unexpectedly, a stray bullet pierced his left shoulder, and suddenly there was a gush of blood, and the entire shoulder was torn like pain. The bullet also remained in his body forever. These injuries also made him a second-class disabled soldier.
This was the case in the war years, dangers were everywhere, and the older generation said, "Don't do revolution if you are afraid of death." "Where there is no bloodshed in a war, there is no bloodshed."
Although war is ruthless and cruel, it does not eliminate all good things, such as love. Especially in the war years, love is even sweeter and more virtuous.
In those difficult years, Kuang Fu Zhao also ushered in his love. Produced in war, germinated in war, resulted. In August 1938, the Jizhong Military Region held a political work conference in Beidai Village, Wuqiang County. During the meeting, Zhang Renhuai, director of the Propaganda Department of the Political Department of the Military Region, Zhao Xinpei, chief of the Youth Section, and Zhang Qingtai, head of the regiment, brokered a match, and Kuang Fuzhao got to know Xu Gengsheng, a female soldier of the Northeast Field Service Regiment.
She was 19 and he was twenty-five, the right age to meet the right person. She was deeply attracted by his loyalty and simplicity, heroism; he was touched by her beauty, gentleness and kindness; perhaps this was love at first sight, regardless of time and distance, both sides were the only ones of each other. At that time, the army stipulated that cadres at or above the regimental level could not get married until they were twenty-six years old, and after the meeting, the two were reluctantly separated. Two years later, they met again; on the eve of the Hundred Regiments War, they were married in an earthen house in their hometown, without a wedding dress, no candy, and without the presence of the parents of both sides. Their wedding ceremony, although so simple, but their love is not ordinary. Three days after their marriage, the two embarked on the journey of the Hundred Regiments War, and the victories were like blessings for their new marriage. After that, the two of them frothed with each other and walked through their lives hand in hand.
After the Hundred Regiments War, the struggle was even more intense. The commander-in-chief of the Japanese army in North China, Okamura Ningji, implemented the "cage policy" and launched a frenzied sweep of our north China region and implemented the "three-light policy." In 1940, Kuang Fuzhao was assigned to the Tenth Military Subdistrict of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region as a political commissar and secretary of the prefectural party committee. On the second day of arriving at the Tenth Military Subdistrict, he was talking about work with Yang Zhuang and Yang Ying, the secretary of the prefectural party committee, when he was suddenly surrounded by hundreds of Japanese troops. At that time, he and more than a dozen comrades lived in a fellow villager's home, and in order to avoid casualties, Kuang Fuzhao immediately made a decision, adopted the method of breaking into pieces, and scattered everyone to break through. Kuang Fu Zhao hurriedly and slowly entered a small hole that could accommodate a person, located under the chicken coop ("toad squatting"). He stayed for three hours and successfully escaped the enemy's search. This experience gave him an idea, and a genius-level military idea was born. How to use this "toad squat" to evade the enemy's sweeping method, Kuang Fu Zhao made a profound analysis. He immediately reported to Liu Bingyan, commander of the military sub-district, and other leaders of the sub-district, and this idea was unanimously approved by the leaders. And soon carried out the pilot work of digging tunnels in Minanzhuang, Erlian County, and achieved success. No one expected such a dangerous experience, a simple idea, that later it almost changed the balance of forces between the enemy and ourselves in Jizhong and even the entire battlefield behind enemy lines, and greatly reduced the casualties in the sweep. Since then, Kuang Fuzhao has also put more energy into the excavation of the tunnel, and whenever he encounters a problem, he will study and analyze it in depth, and then give the comrades an answer one by one. He also designed the excavation drawings himself. During the specific excavation, Kuang Fuzhao also instructed Ren Zimu and other grass-roots leaders to frequently consult the experienced masses, pool their wisdom, and achieve greater results. In accordance with kuangfuzhao's instructions, Ren Zimu and others, with the support of the vast number of soldiers and civilians, built an "underground Great Wall" with complex structures and complete functions, which is unique in the world.
In this way, the operational strategy of practical significance, which has been tested in repeated practice, was born. It has been quickly implemented with the strong advocacy and support of Kuangfu Zhao. The entire Tenth Military Sub-district has thus established a three-dimensional combat system of underground, ground and air, forming a powerful underground network. This is the "tunnel warfare" that we are now familiar with, and it has become an important basis for the struggle between the Eighth Route Army and the Japanese army. The combination of "tunnel warfare" and "mine warfare" made it difficult for the Japanese army to move forward, and the Japanese army suffered hardships and paid huge casualties in the process of sweeping up again and again. The perfect combination of the two made the Japanese army shudder.
The prestige of "tunnel warfare" quickly spread throughout North China and even the whole of China, and spread rapidly in various base areas. For a time, the tunnels in Jizhong crisscrossed and formed a complex underground Great Wall. The Jizhong Garrison Brigade, where Kuang Fuzhao was located, was also known as the "Tunnel Troops" because of its proficiency in tunnel warfare. In the later Battle of Beiyang fort, the garrison brigade gave full play to the power of tunnel warfare, repelling the repeated attacks of the Japanese puppet army several times its own in one day, and was called "divine soldier" by the masses. Since then, the story of "tunnel warfare" has also been adapted into a story and spread to thousands of households.