Emperor Huizong of Song was a very talented emperor, who had great achievements in calligraphy and painting, especially his original thin gold body, "heavenly bones are beautiful, fun and kind", which has become the object of imitation by later generations of famous artists. In addition to calligraphy and painting, Song Huizong's poetry skills are far beyond ordinary talents. The number of poems he wrote in his lifetime was not very large, but each capital was a masterpiece. Today we will talk about a tragic poem by Song Huizong- "In the North Inscription Wall", to see what kind of tragic experience this last Heavenly Son of the Great Song Dynasty experienced behind his crying.
"The westerly wind shook the door all night, and the depressed lonely house was faintly lit. Jiashan looked back three thousand miles, and there were no geese flying in the south. ——Zhao Tuo, "In the North Wall"
The poem was written in the later years of Emperor Huizong of Song, when he was no longer the Great Song Tianzi, but was imprisoned in the Five Kingdoms City of the Jin Dynasty (in present-day Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province) and became a prisoner who had lost his personal freedom.
The first two sentences of "In the North Inscription Wall" write about the miserable living conditions of Song Huizong during the Five Kingdoms City, and the last two sentences express his nostalgia for his homeland, regret for the past, and despair of the status quo. Anyone who has read the poem, without exception, sympathizes with the bleak evening scene of Emperor Huizong of Song and laments the end of the last Heavenly Son. However, if the details of the capture of Emperor Huizong of Song were understood, different answers may appear in many people's minds.
It is an indisputable fact that Emperor Huizong of Song was brilliant throughout his life; it is also an indisputable fact that Emperor Huizong of Song was a very bad emperor. Emperor Huizong of Song was the eleventh son of Emperor Shenzong and was crowned King Duan in his early years. Originally, the throne of the Great Song Dynasty had nothing to do with him, but his brother Song Zhezong died young. Emperor Zhezong did not have any heirs of his own at that time, so according to the order of brother and brother, and the eldest and youngest, Zhao Tuo, the King of Duan, became the heir to the throne. Zhang Huan, who was the prime minister at the time, once said: "The king of Duan is frivolous and cannot rule the world." However, his arm could not twist his thigh, and Zhang Huan's opposition was soon overwhelmed by the opinions of many supporters, and Zhang Huan was also demoted and released, and was listed in the History of Song. The fate of the "Biography of the Adulterer".
Emperor Huizong of Song reigned for nearly 26 years, but his political achievements were unbearable, and he could hardly find a single thing that was of great benefit to the country and the people. On the contrary, the "Fang La Rebellion" broke out in the late period of his reign, and the national strength of the Great Song Dynasty was greatly weakened.
In 1125, the Jin state in the north sent 100,000 Jin troops to attack the Song on the grounds that the Song Dynasty had defaulted and took in the general Zhang Jue. The Song Dynasty itself was not affected by the war before, so the overall strength was still in a relatively complete state. At that time, the jin army's combat effectiveness was beyond doubt, but with the national strength of the Song Dynasty. If the national mobilization can be carried out in time and the focus is put into the anti-Jin war, then the chances of victory on the Song side may be greater. The best proof is that a few years later, the Jin Dynasty was once defeated by the remote Southern Song Dynasty.
However, when Emperor Huizong of Song heard the news that several important towns on the border had been breached by the Jin army, he was immediately frightened. He did not think about how to mobilize the strength of the whole country to resist the invasion of the Jin Army, but he was bent on running away with oil on the soles of his feet. In order to facilitate his own escape, Emperor Huizong of Song ceded the throne to his eldest son Zhao Huan (宋钦宗). He left the Kyoshi with a group of his cronies.
Song Qinzong grew up in the deep palace since childhood, and had never been formally exposed to government affairs before. Now, when Emperor Huizong of Song was in trouble, he handed over such a heavy burden to this rookie emperor, and the results were naturally conceivable.
In the process of the Jin invasion, Song Qinzong's performance was astounding. A game of chess that was originally unknown to win or lose was forced to be a dead end by him. Of course, the main person responsible for all this is still Song Huizong. As a father, what kind of goods is his son, don't you have points in your heart? To give such a heavy burden to a combination of rookies and fools, is this not clear whether to send a head to the Golden Army?
In early 1127, the Jin army captured Kaifeng, the Capital Division of the Northern Song Dynasty. More than 3,000 people, including Emperor Huizong of Song, Emperor Qinzong of Song, as well as the imperial family of zhao, concubines of the harem, and courtiers of Guiqing, became prisoners of the Jin State. Originally a heavenly nobleman who was high above, in the blink of an eye, it became a fish meat that was wantonly ravaged by the Golden Kingdom Jurchens, and the result was lamentable. As the first responsible person for the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, although Emperor Huizong of Song ended up with a tragic ending of "looking back at the family mountain for three thousand miles, and seeing that there were no geese flying in the south of the sky", he could only blame him for taking the blame and harming his family.