May 5, 2022, Lixia. Lixia is the first solar term of summer. The ancients attached great importance to the etiquette of Lixia, and in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, there was a custom of "lixia tasting new", of which the first fruit of early summer was always indispensable - loquat.
Loquat is native to China and has a very long history of cultivation. As early as the Han Dynasty, loquat cultivation, Tang Dynasty Liu Zongyuan once said "Han Chu Rong orange grapefruit, Xia Shou recommended loquat", Song Dynasty poet Dai Retro in the poem "Early Summer Tour Zhang Garden" has "East Garden carries wine west garden drunk, plucked loquat a tree of gold." "In the Ming Dynasty, Shen Zhou especially loved loquats, and not only did he have many loquat paintings passed down from generation to generation, but there were often poems on the canvas, such as the inscription poem on the seventh opening of the "Lying Tour Atlas": "Elastic round full of bread, honey jin cool lips." Gold for food, heaven also shou Wu people. ”
In addition to poetry, there are not a few famous traces of loquat depicted in calligraphy and painting in the past, such as the loquat in the pen of Zhao Tuo of the Northern Song Dynasty, which is made of ink and ink, with a elegant style, with a unique and delicate charm; the loquat or ink pen or pastel depiction in shen zhou's pen in the Ming Dynasty has a literati interest; the loquat in the pen of Wu Changshuo and Wang Zhen in the Republic of China period is written in the method of seal, which is very rich in gold and stone interest.
In the early summer, the surging news hereby combs through the loquat traces in the calligraphy and paintings of the past to entertain readers.
The first fruit of early summer - Suzhou Dongshan white jade loquat
Song Zhao Tuo Loquat Mountain Bird Diagram page
Song Zhao Tuo Loquat Mountain Bird Picture Page Collection of the Palace Museum
The loquat in the picture is full of fruits and flourishing branches. A perched on a branch, looking back at the flying butterflies, with a vivid look. This figure reflects cui bai's clear body. The flower and bird paintings of Emperor Huizong of song are mostly colored, but this picture is purely painted with ink, elegant in style, slightly like a boneless painting effect, with a unique and delicate charm, reflecting Zhao Tuo's multi-faceted painting talent.
There is a Poem inscribed by the Qianlong Imperial Inscription of the Qing Dynasty: "Solid and round and oval, loquat is named after it." The disciples preached the body of the elephant, and Xi would ask its voice. The bird is stable in shape, and the butterfly is also light. Xuanhe Gong location, what lost Tokyo. "I feel that Song Huizong is so good at painting, working on composition and business positions, why did he lose the country?
Song Xu Chongsi Loquat ribbon
Song Xu Chongsi Loquat Ribbon This painting is selected from the "Yiyuan Collection Of Truth (Part 1)" in the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Song Xu Chongsi Loquat Ribbon This painting is selected from the "Yiyuan Collection Of Truth (Part 1)" in the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Xu Chongsi was a painter of the Northern Song Dynasty. Xu Xisun. He is good at painting grass worms, poultry and fish, vegetables and fruits, flowers and trees, and silkworm cocoons. His paintings first inherited family learning, because they did not conform to the procedures and fashions of the picture academy at that time, they changed to Huang Xiao and Huang Juyu father and son. After the self-innovation, the work is not outlined with ink and pencil, but directly blended with color, known as "boneless figure", also known as "boneless flower". Brother Xu Chongxun and brother Xu Chongxun are good at painting flowers and birds, and they are also craftsmen and women.
Song Xu Chongsi Loquat Ribbon (Partial) This painting is selected from the National Palace Museum in Taipei," "Yiyuan Tibetan True (Part 1)"
Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty: 剏為無骨自高, implying that Zhifei ren Ru Cao. There is no way to say that there are many things in the heat, and Taiyuan has long been wearing a Yulun robe.
Song Tuo Tang Taizong Loquat Thesis
Song Tuo, Tang Taizong, Loquat Thesis This painting is selected from the "Grand View Thesis (I) Book" from the Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Interpretation: Let the loquat be entered, and the good and deeply comforted. Jia Guo cherishes the taste, the single crown is new, but the River Road is far away, and there is no labor to send. Today's plum yan algae summer, wheat qi to welcome autumn, fragrant and lansaka wind, mirror guiyan moon, for the good of the leisure, want to be enough to please the gods. Looking at the white clouds, carrying deep and departing from the xu, talking about the sparse green words, this is not much Shen. 29 days.
Song Lin Chun Loquat Mountain Bird Diagram page
Song Lin Chun Loquat Mountain Bird Picture Page Collection of the Palace Museum
Painted in May, ripe loquat fruit is particularly attractive in the summer sun. An embroidered eye with a tail and a neck perched on a loquat branch and was about to peck at the fruit, but found that there was an ant on it, so he returned to his beak and fixed his eyes on it, and his expression was very vivid and interesting. The loquat branches seem to flutter up and down with the imbalance of the center of gravity of the embroidery eye, and the picture is still and moving, which is interesting. The feathers of the embroidered eyes are first colored and inked, and then depicted with small brushstrokes that are fine and not stagnant, showing the different textures of the bird's back feathers are firm and smooth, and the belly hair is fluffy and soft. The loquat fruit is outlined with an earthy yellow line, then filled with golden yellow, and finally painted with an ochre umbilicus, and three different warm colors of water and milk blend to show the fullness and sweetness of the loquat fruit at maturity. Loquat leaves are expressed in a delicate and delicate heavy color method with brushwork, which not only faithfully depicts the various natural shapes of the leaf surface turning backwards and backs, but also meticulously depicts the damage marks of the leaf surface being bitten by insects, fully reflecting the artistic level achieved by the Song Dynasty flower and bird painting in terms of realism.
Song Li Di Loquat Phantom Sparrow
This painting is selected from the "Song and YuanRen Album" collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Li Di (1100-1197). Southern Song Dynasty painter, a native of Heyang (present-day Mengzhou, Henan Province), gonghua bird bamboo stone, eagle and eagle dog cat, cultivated cow pheasant, grew up sketching, intercropping landscape scenes.
Li Di has many works, most of which have annual models. Chunxi's first year (1174) made the axis of "Wind and Rain Returning to Pastoral", which is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei; Chunxi's fourteenth year (1187) "Snow Tree Cold Bird Diagram" axis is now in the Shanghai Museum. In the second year of Qingyuan (1196), he made the axis of "Maple Eagle Pheasant Diagram", the album of "Chicken Chick Feeding Chart" of The Third Year of Qingyuan (1197), and the album of "Hound Dog Diagram", all of which are in the Palace Museum. Zi Demao, during the reign of Emperor Rizong Chunyou (1241-1252), was to be edicted. Painting the family law, like painting flowers, birds, eagles, and birds, and wild scenery does not catch his father. The most recent period of Li paintings seen is the third year of Qingyuan (1197), as in the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125) of the Northern Song Dynasty, which takes seventy-three years, according to which the age of Li's existence should be more than ninety.
Song Cui Bai paints loquat peacock shafts
Song Cui Bai Painting loquat peacock axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Cui Bai (active in the 11th century) zixi, Haoliang (present-day Fengyang, Anhui), Renzong Shi (1022-1063) was elected to the academy as an art scholar. Good at painting flowers and birds, especially good at flowers and bamboo, mountain rabbits, dry lotus, water, wild geese and the like.
Song Cui Bai Painting loquat peacock shaft (partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Song Cui Bai Painting loquat peacock shaft (partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Song Cui Bai Painting loquat peacock shaft (partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
In this painting, under the loquat tree, a pair of peacocks, one parked on the trunk, one walking among the flowers, a ribbon bird flying overhead, and various flowers blooming next to the Taihu Stone. The whole painting is covered with patterns, brightly colored, and the picture looks very lively and rich.
The Song people folded branches loquat shafts
Song Ren Folded Branches Loquat Axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Song Ren Folded Branches Loquat Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Song Ren Folded Branches Loquat Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Song Ren Folded Branches Loquat Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Shen Zhou Loquat Diagram Axis
Ming Shen Zhou's "Loquat Chart Axis" Collection of the Palace Museum
Ming Shen Zhou Loquat
Ming Shen Zhou Loquat This painting is selected from the Palace Museum's Collection of Shen Zhou's "Sleeping Tour Album"
The name "Lying Tour" comes from the allusion of the Southern Dynasty Song Zongbing hanging mountains and rivers on the four walls of his living room to sleep on the four walls. Unlike the hanging scroll, however, the album can also be read on its back while lying in bed. This shows the painter's original intention and interest in life.
The loquat is selected from the seventh opening of the "Lying Tour Album", and the artist on the upper right has a self-title: "Elastic round and full of food, honey tsu cool lips." Gold for food, heaven also shou Wu people. Shen Zhou. ”
Ming Shen Zhou painted loquat shafts
Ming Shen Zhou Painted Loquat Axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Shen Zhou Painting Loquat Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Shen Zhou Painting Loquat Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Shen Zhouxing wrote a self-title: There are fruits producing Western Shu, and flowers are cold early. Trees flourish jasper leaves, and stacked golden pills. Shen Zhou.
Ming Shen Zhou painted loquats
Ming Shen Zhou Painting Loquat This painting is selected from the "Freehand Album" of Shen Zhou in the Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Shen Zhouxing's self-title: Who will be the golden marbles, glance at the high branches of the Pavilion. The wild bird did not dare to get down, and it was doubtful to avoid flying. Shen Zhou.
Ming Luzhi Seal Chart Axis
Ming Luzhi SealEd Picture Axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Luzhi Fenghou Map Axis (partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Luzhi Fenghou Map Axis (partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Zhou's crown Loquat rare bird axis
Ming Zhou Zhi Tiao Loquat Rare Birds Axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Ming Zhou's Crown Loquat Rare Bird Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum, Taipei
Ming Zhou's Crown Loquat Rare Bird Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum, Taipei
Ming Chen Jiayan Loquat Squirrel
Ming Chen Jiayan Loquat Squirrel This painting is selected from the "Celebrity Painting Fan Album" collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Chen Jiayan (1539-?) ), zi Kong Zhang, a native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang. Good at writing about flowers and birds. The brush is loose and beautiful, quite wonderful. This picture is fresh and elegant, depicting the round and fresh loquat with bonelessness and freehand, while the squirrel that nibbles on loquat between the branches and leaves, the cilia are fluffy and cute. The freehand fruit on the canvas and the fine hairs of the silk work can be so exquisitely coordinated, which is the unique feature of the painter.
Plain text from Jane Loquat
Ming Wen from Jane Loquat This painting is selected from the collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, "Ming Ren Ren Ren Face Painting Book (3) Book"
Wen Congjian (1574-1648), also known as Yanke (彦可), was a native of Changzhou, Suzhou (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu). Great-grandson of the great calligrapher Wen Zhengming, painter of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), he paid tribute, retired to the Qing Dynasty, and lived in the forest, entertaining himself with calligraphy and painting.
Qing Yun Shou Ping Loquat
Qing Yun Shouping Loquat This painting is selected from the "Painting Flower Album" of Yun Shouping in the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Yun Shou parallel book self-title: the pen end of the throwing golden fruit, disdain Nagato to buy money. Ou Xiang Ge drama.
Qing Zhang Ruoxiao Loquat
Qing Zhang Ruoyi Loquat This painting is selected from Zhang Ruoyi's "Sketching Flower and Fruit Album" from the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Zhang Ruoyi (1713-1746). Zi Qinglan (字清岚, Zi Qinglan), room name Lotus Xiang Book House, a native of Tongcheng, Anhui. Zhang Ruoxiao had a family education, his grandfather was Zhang Ying, a scholar of Wenhuadian University in the Kangxi Dynasty, and his father was Yongzheng, Qianlong Chaobao, and Zhang Tingyu, a scholar of Dian University.
In the eleventh year of Yongzheng (1733), the third place in the original first division of the examination list of the Decay Ugly Branch Hall, under the request of his father Zhang Tingyu to "give way to the cold soldiers of the world", he was demoted to a second-class jinshi, and the special editing of the unsanciated hall was specially awarded, and the later emperor personally awarded the cabinet bachelor and the ceremonial attendant, and entered the Zhinan Study, the official to the ceremonial department Shangshu, and the earl.
Zhang Ruoxiao offered books and paintings to the inner court, and one day the empress dowager produced a jade pendant of square inches and ordered a letter of heart. It is only a matter of day, because it is not calculated to give treasures from above. Good at painting landscapes, flowers and birds, won the will of Wang Zhaoxiang and Zhou Zhimian. In the eleventh year of Qianlong (1746), he accompanied the emperor on his tour of the west, returned to Beijing due to illness, and died soon after.
Clear no loquat
Qing No Loquat This painting is selected from the "Flower and Bird Album" collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Republic of China Puxin Loquat Bee Diagram
Republic of China PuXin Loquat Bee Figure Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Pu Xinhuan (1896.9.2 – 1963.11.18), Manchu, formerly known as Ai xin jue luo Pu ru, the original character Zhongheng, changed the character xin qi, self-proclaimed Xi Huang Emperor, Xishan Yishi, Beijinger, famous calligrapher, painter and collector. He was the grandson of Prince Yi of Qinggong. He studied in Germany and is fond of poetry, calligraphy and painting, all of which have achievements. He is good at painting landscapes, figures, flowers and calligraphy, and has the reputation of "Southern Zhang Beipu" with Zhang Daqian, and is also known as "Southern Wu Beipu" with Wu Hufan.
Republic of China, Pu Xin, Loquat
Republic of China Pu Xin Qi Loquat Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Pu Xin's self-title: Evening Cui Dance Leaf Repair, Jin Shi Contains Lu Hua. The new autumn is chirping birds, and the next life Akamatsu family. Heartburn.
Qing Wu Changshuo Flower and fruit four screen axis Loquat plantain chrysanthemum
Qing Wu Changshuo Flower and Fruit Four Screens Axis Loquat Plantain Chrysanthemum Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Wu Changshuo's book is self-titled: The early summer scenery is roughly written, people say that it resembles Li Futang, like the monk of the temple of flowers, and the painter does not know it. Pegatron.
Republic of China Wang Zhen Loquat Sparrow Axis
Republic of China Wang Zhen Loquat Sparrow Axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Wang Zhen (1867-1938) zi Yi Ting, Zhejiang Wuxing people, number "Haiyun landlord", "Bailongshan people". In his later years, he believed in Buddhism and was called "Enlightened Instrument". It is one of the few "shang" and "art" geniuses in the history of Chinese art. Wang Zhen is a unique calligrapher and painter of the Maritime School. He has made outstanding contributions to the continuation and inheritance and development of the Maritime School. He once praised Wu Changshuo and became his disciple. Later, together with Wu Changshuo, he led the vigorous development of the art of Haipai painting.
Republic of China Wang Zhen Shou peach loquat shaft
Republic of China Wang Zhen Shou Peach Loquat Axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Modern Xu Beihong Loquat Jiaguo Diagram Axis
Modern Xu Beihong Loquat Jiaguo Figure Axis Collection of the Palace Museum
Self-titled: "Every time the good fruit knows the season, the day is deeply cherished by Li Gong." Yi Hai Spring Day Sadness. "Plutonium " East Sea King Sun " Bai Wen Rectangular Seal. The year of Yi Hai was 1935, and Xu Beihong was 40 years old.
A drawing of a loquat tree. Under the warm breeze, the branches and leaves overlap, and the golden loquat is full of fruity aromas, exuding the ripe beauty of the harvest season.
The author directly points dyeing and ink with the large-scale writing method full of pen and ink, does not seek the shape of the object, but only seeks the dry, wet, thick and light changes of pen and ink on the raw rice paper with strong water absorption. In the ink, the fruit and leaves are full of sap and vitality. The whole picture shows Xu Beihong's unique understanding of the Chinese literati's freehand brush and ink interest.
The "King of the East Sea" seal on the picture is one of Xu Beihong's most popular seals in Chinese painting. Xu Beihong's hometown of Yixing, Jiangsu Province, is close to the East China Sea. The early Tang Dynasty general Xu Maogong was once made the Duke of Donghai Commandery for his outstanding military achievements. This stamp not only expresses his pride as a descendant of the Xu clan in the East China Sea, but also adds legendary color and several ancient meanings to his paintings.
(This article is compiled from the relevant materials of the Palace Museum and the National Palace Museum in Taipei.) ）