The statements in this article are based on reliable sources of information and are detailed at the end of the article
The officials of the Song Dynasty, without exception, had to wear a hat with long wings, and a pair of wings on the hat seemed to outsiders to be very redundant, and even some affected the appearance. Some netizens commented on this wing hat, Da Song wants to fly more (Yue Fei).
However, ridicule is ridicule, the wing hats of Song Dynasty officials are actually very mysterious, far from being as simple as Yue Fei. In addition, not only the officials of the previous court had to wear winged hats, but the emperor himself had to demonstrate in person.
01
"Winged" hats
The emperor of the Song Dynasty gave this winged hat a nice name "crown tassel", and the crown tassel hat was a major feature of the Song Dynasty. However, the origin of this hat can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty.
Tang officials also had a pair of long wings on their hats, which could be used to divide the rank of officials. The emperors of the Song Dynasty recreated the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty and gave special meaning to these two long wings.
In the Song Dynasty, a pair of long wings symbolized the talent and quality of officials, and the senior officials of the court always wore this kind of official hat every time they went to court. In addition, the emperor of the Song Dynasty stipulated that officials of different ranks must wear different clothes.
However, the size of the wings on the official hat makes it easy to identify his grade and identity at a glance. The longer the length of the crown, the closer the official was to the emperor.
The people of the Song Dynasty could recognize at a glance who had the highest position, so they supervised him. In addition, the length of the official's hat was not static, and there were officials who worked hard and were appreciated by the emperor of the Song Dynasty.
The length of the crown and hat can be strengthened, which directly means that the status of the official will be raised. Of course, if there was malfeasance or mistakes during the work of officials, the emperor of the Song Dynasty would also punish him by reducing the length of the crowned tasseled hat, and a small official hat directly reflected the emperor's supreme power to appoint and dismiss.
The Song Dynasty was an economically and culturally prosperous dynasty, and the emergence of paper money and printing reflected the scientific and technological progress of the people of that era. Folk customs and folk customs have gradually opened up, and the calligraphy attainments of literati and ink writers are superb.
The design of the crowned tasseled hat was also deeply influenced by the culture of the Song Dynasty, and the long wings were often engraved with patterns of flowers, birds, animals and other patterns, and these exquisite works of art represented the highest level of Chinese painting at that time.
The culture of the Song Dynasty was later introduced to Japan and Korea, and their official uniform designs were heavily influenced by the Song Dynasty, a design that has been passed down for thousands of years and contains the superb wisdom of the ancients.
02
Scheming Emperor
Even though the official hat of the Song Dynasty has a lot of meaning, there are still many people who complain that such a long-winged hat is not good-looking. Curiously, the emperor of the Song Dynasty not only asked his courtiers to wear long-winged hats, he also made one for himself.
Zhao Kuangyin was the first emperor to require Song Dynasty officials to wear crowned hats, and the reason was that this emperor who was not properly seated was a little weak in his heart.
In the early years of the Song Dynasty, every time Zhao Kuangyin went to the court to discuss matters, he always felt that the ministers had a lot of complaints about him. After all, his throne was obtained through the yellow robe, and Zhao Kuangyin often found that the eyes of court officials were erratic during his listening to politics.
Sometimes the ministers would also whisper in private, Zhao Kuangyin was very disgusted by this, and he was a little suspicious. The ministers whispered in the court, and Zhao Kuangyin would not think that these people were dealing with political affairs.
His throne is not right, and Zhao Kuangyin is very worried that someone will rebel, so how to eliminate the whispers between the ministers has become Zhao Kuangyin's top priority.
is limited by his first ascension to the throne of the Son of Heaven, and he can overcome the rigidity with softness, and he cannot be tough and nonsense. Zhao Kuangyin thought about it and decided to come up with a curve to save the country, which not only did not let the officials suspect that he was deliberately pretentious, but also made his life comfortable.
Zhao Kuangyin finally invented this kind of big hat, which was matched with wings that were one meter long. During the period when the ministers went to court, they must wear this official hat, and explain to the outside world that they should unify the official uniform.
In fact, in the bottom of my heart, I want to fulfill my wish and put an end to the whispering between officials. The crown tasseled hat has been invented, and Zhao Kuangyin thinks the effect is very good.
Officials who don't know what information to convey in private every day are restrained by long hats. It was very inconvenient to turn around, and officials in the court often stood side by side.
The one-meter-long wings that exchanged heads and ears directly hit them in the face, and officials with a heart could also deduce Zhao Kuangyin's selfishness. So the emperor simply didn't do anything, and gave himself a big and exaggerated hat.
By the way, he boasted that he was mingling with the ministers, and even if the courtiers were dissatisfied, there was no way to refute Zhao Kuangyin. An official hat in the Song Dynasty made Zhao Kuangyin have the image of being close to his courtiers.
The Song Dynasty also because of his diligence, people with lofty ideals dared to speak out. The imperial court achieved better operation, and the national strength of the Song Dynasty improved.
03
Yellow robe
Zhao Kuangyin, who is heavy on literature and light on martial arts, is a military general. In 935 A.D., a boy was born in the Luoyang Jiama camp, and he was brave and warlike by nature.
And the boy's father, Zhao Hongyin, is also a general of the forbidden army, and this boy is Zhao Kuangyin. Because his father is also a military general, Zhao Kuangyin, who is in the military camp, is like a fish in water.
When he was a child, Zhao Kuangyin followed the generals to practice riding and archery, and his martial arts talent was much higher than that of ordinary people. Zhao Hongyin was impressed by him, and in his spare time, Zhao Kuangyin followed his colleagues to learn to arrange troops, and his command talent was praised by his peers.
Zhao Kuangyin was already able to lead troops to fight when he was a teenager, and when he passed by Xiangyang, he happened to meet an old monk of the monastery. Zhao Kuangyin talked to the monks, and the old man saw that Zhao Kuangyin was extremely talented, and if he could follow Guo Wei, he would definitely make great achievements in the future.
Zhao Kuangyin was overjoyed and listened to the words of the old monk and took refuge in the privy envoy Guo Wei. This person is also a family of military generals, and he is brave and resourceful.
Guo Wei was a confidant minister of the Later Han regime, and in 951 AD Guo Wei deposed the Later Han Emperor and established the Later Zhou regime. Zhao Kuangyin under him has made a lot of achievements, and Guo Wei admires this tiger general very much.
Zhao Kuangyin was named the commander, but unfortunately Guo Wei had a short life and died after only 4 years in power. Then his adopted son Chai Rong inherited the throne, and Chai Rong also valued Zhao Kuangyin.
In 956 AD, Chai Rong promoted Zhao Kuangyin to be General Sima, and his subordinates were in charge of the Later Zhou Forbidden Army. As the so-called meritorious master, although Zhao Kuangyin has no intention of taking the initiative to rebel, he can't resist the advice of his staff Zhao Pu.
He repeatedly plotted a conspiracy to seize the imperial power of the Chai family, and Zhao Kuangyin pushed the boat down the river and added himself in a yellow robe according to Zhao Pu's strategy. rode a white horse all the way into the capital, but he didn't expect that none of the leaders of the forbidden army would object.
Zhao Kuangyin's usurpation of power and seizure of power was extremely successful, and the people were not affected, but Zhao Kuangyin's move was not authentic. Chai Rong's family was not thin on Zhao Kuangyin, and they didn't expect him to usurp power and seize the throne.
As a result, people's hearts were separated from their stomachs, and Chai Rong Jiangshan gave it away like this, and Zhao Kuangyin was very taboo about this kind of party and private business. After he became emperor, he was also worried that others would repeat their old tricks and take away his throne.
As a result, there was a tradition of the Song Dynasty emphasizing literature over martial arts, and Zhao Kuangyin even issued an order not to kill the scholar class, which made the Song Dynasty military generals feel cold.
Zhao Kuangyin realized the situation of ruling the world with scholars and doctors, but the wise man must have a thousand worries, and the late Northern Song Dynasty perished in a powerful external threat.
Resources:
[1] Pay attention to clothing Historical Song Dynasty fashion Unique Qitou A symbol of Song Dynasty clothing
[2] CCTV Chen Qiao Mutiny