In the past 2021, new energy production and sales have increased significantly, up to 170% year-on-year. Moreover, new energy models have become one of the main sales of most car companies.
The era of new energy vehicles is all around us!
The demand for new energy vehicles is increasing, the insurance industry has also introduced exclusive car insurance for new energy models, and the subsidies for new energy vehicles will be reduced by 30%. Exclusive car insurance, refund, the price of new energy vehicles was once trapped in an "embarrassing" situation, when the price is no longer advantageous, what to compete with fuel vehicles?
Reducing the cost of car manufacturing is the best way that all car companies can think of!
01. The choice of power battery is very important
New energy vehicles are different from traditional fuel vehicles, in the past, it was mainly engines, gearboxes, and chassis, and now it is based on "three electricity" as the core, of which the power battery is the most important component of new energy vehicles.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries
When ternary lithium batteries have not yet become the mainstream, in fact, lithium iron phosphate batteries have always been "standard" in new energy vehicles.
However, at that time, the technical conditions were limited, the mileage of embarrassment and other unstable factors, and the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries was some distance from the requirements of subsidies, while the energy density of ternary lithium batteries was relatively easy to reach the threshold. Therefore, many car companies have abandoned lithium iron phosphate batteries in order to subsidize factors and other factors.
Ternary lithium battery
Ternary lithium batteries have the greatest advantage in energy density compared to lithium iron phosphate batteries. This is also the reason why ternary lithium batteries can later become the mainstream, and now we can see electric vehicles that can reach a cruising range of 1000+ kilometers, which are basically power batteries that use ternary lithium.
And the ability to resist low temperatures is better than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries, so later ternary lithium batteries are more used in long-lasting electric vehicles, and the disadvantage is that the cost is high.
However, the lithium iron phosphate battery, which was once "abandoned", is now on the way back!
02. Price becomes the biggest advantage?
The two power batteries mainly lie in the difference in materials, the normal price of lithium iron phosphate cathode material is about 45,000 yuan per ton, while the price of ternary lithium battery materials is as high as 170,000 yuan per ton. This price difference also leads to a price difference between the long-life version and the standard battery life version.
With the increasing price advantage of lithium iron phosphate, in fact, in 2021, many car companies have re-"picked up" lithium iron phosphate. It is said that Tesla has dropped prices sharply after domestic production, and many purchased car owners have reflected whether it is "cutting leeks" behavior. In fact, it is not exactly, the domestic Tesla Model 3 is equipped with lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the price has directly dropped by tens of thousands of yuan, because the cost of making cars has been controlled.
Not only Tesla, but also the company that "did not abandon" lithium iron phosphate at the beginning was BYD. In 2012, The country began to "sweep" new energy subsidies, when everyone was inclined to "better subsidize" ternary lithium batteries, we are well known in the Ningde era is also dependent on the ternary lithium battery outlet to transform. At that time, BYD Wang Chuanfu insisted that lithium iron phosphate batteries were the way out, and the blade batteries we can see now are based on lithium iron phosphate.
The data shows that the loading of lithium iron phosphate batteries in November 2021:
CATL era: 96,000 units loaded, 5.7GWh installed capacity (domestic)
BYD: 82,600 units loaded, 3.32 GWh installed
Guoxuan Hi-Tech: 32,700 units loaded, 935MWh installed capacity
The application of lithium iron phosphate batteries is gradually "rejuvenating" with the naked eye.
03. Future development trends may not give up on both
In the case of the gradual decline of the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles, the era of high energy density in exchange for high subsidies has ended. Affected by the environment, the price of lithium iron phosphate materials has also risen this year, but there are at least 15% to 20% advantages for ternary lithium materials.
In fact, in terms of safety, the advantages of lithium iron phosphate have always been greater than that of ternary lithium; and the advantage of ternary lithium is that it is more suitable for creating long-endurance vehicles.
In the current environment of vigorously developing the foundation of charging and replenishing facilities, will these two power batteries coexist well in the future? Just like when we buy a car, we basically don't pay attention to how big the fuel tank capacity is, because gas stations are everywhere and it is convenient to refuel.
Imagine, maybe 5 years from now? Maybe 10 years from now? When there are as many charging piles and power exchange facilities as there are now gas stations, the advantages of lithium iron phosphate seem to be more obvious.
Although the long-endurance electric vehicle is indeed as high as 1,000 kilometers, the cost of making a car is indeed high, and such a large capacity battery, the density is also large, and the charging time is far from being faster than the battery with small capacity density.
Information for January 2022:
1. The new factory of cataline times began to provide lithium iron phosphate batteries for Tesla
2, LG new energy plans to force lithium iron phosphate batteries
3. GAC Aean released the results of the needle prick of the lithium iron phosphate magazine battery
Whether it is lithium iron phosphate or ternary lithium, the use of new energy electric vehicles has its own advantages, and it is not possible to deal with new energy vehicles with different use scenarios, no matter which one is discarded.
Perhaps in the future, will there be a combination of manufacturers' technical characteristics of lithium iron phosphate and lithium ternary? For example, Weilai tried to combine the advantages of ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
In the era of new energy, for some shortcomings of new energy vehicles, whether it is vehicle manufacturers or supplier manufacturers, they are constantly innovating and researching, and the entire industry is moving in the same direction, and the new energy vehicle industry will continue to move forward in 2022.