As an ancient Chinese
Foshan, one of the four famous towns,
Its traditional architecture is in Lingnan architecture
The status is very important, with local conditions,
Open and diverse, highlighting wealth, advocating feng shui, etc
Rich and multi-faceted traditional cultural characteristics of Foshan.
Recently, the "Foshan Traditional Cultural Symbols Volume I" launched by Lingnan Fine Arts Publishing House extracts and sorts out the cultural symbols on the traditional buildings and architectural decorations of Foshan with great characteristics, providing basic elements and materials for urban landscape construction, industrial design, cultural and creative product development, etc., and further highlighting the heritage and connotation of Lingnan culture.
At the end of 2017, the Foshan Museum launched the construction of the "Foshan Traditional Culture Symbol Database".
Through the extraction of shapes and patterns from Foshan's representative traditional buildings, cultural relics and traditional art, dance, drama, martial arts, folklore and other "intangible cultural heritage" projects, this work provides basic elements and materials for urban landscape construction, industrial design, cultural and creative product development, etc., and further highlights Foshan's cultural heritage and connotation.
This volume is the result of the first phase of the database project, including "Foshan Traditional Architecture" and "Foshan Traditional Architectural Decoration", including temples, towers, archways, ancestral halls, residences, arcades, pavilions, bridges and other types of Representative Traditional Buildings of Foshan, as well as 115 elements of traditional architectural components and decorations such as roof ridges, tiles and drippings, gables, doors, windows, and railings, each element forms a color drawing and line drawing, with a total of 330 patterns.
It is reported that in the next stage, foshan museum will continue to carry out the construction of the second phase of the "Foshan Traditional Culture Symbol Database" and publish relevant achievements in order to provide reference and support for the construction of Foshan city.
"Clothing, food, shelter and travel" are the basic needs of human life, so building construction is one of the basic practical activities of human beings. The temples, pagodas, arches, ancestral halls and houses of Foshan's traditional architecture are very representative, and we can glimpse the subtleties of Lingnan traditional architecture from traditional cultural symbols.
Foshan Ancestral Temple
Foshan Ancestral Temple is located in Zumiao Road, Chancheng District, was originally built in the Northern Song Dynasty Yuanfeng period (1078-1085), destroyed at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, rebuilt in the fifth year of Ming Hongwu (1372), and rebuilt and expanded more than 20 times after the Ming, Qing and Republic of China, and finally formed a single building complex including Wanfutai, Lingying Arch, Jinxiang pond, Bell and Drum Tower, Sanmen, Qiandian, Main Hall, Qingzhen Tower and other buildings, with a complete system and rigorous structure.
Zhongxin Lane ancient house
Zhongxin Lane Ancient Residence is located in Zhongxin Road, Shiwan Town, Chancheng District, which is a hard hilltop, green brick wall and granite wall cornerstone, and is a typical three-room two-corridor residential building in Foshan.
Architectural decoration can not only beautify the building, but also protect the main structure of the building, improve the physical properties and use functions of the building. Foshan's traditional architectural decoration is mainly wood carving, stone carving, brick carving, gray sculpture, ceramic sculpture, referred to as "three carvings and two sculptures", usually decorated on the roof, gables, eaves, doors, windows, beams, pillars and other places.
Gray sculpture
Gray plastic is a kind of architectural decoration that is shaped and colored with grass gluten ash, paper gluten ash or shell ash as the main material, supplemented by bamboo nails, iron nails, copper wire, tiles, etc. as the skeleton.
Ceramic sculpture uses clay as a material, and through various techniques such as kneading, pasting, piling, and building, various models of characters and animals are shaped, and are dried and roasted.
woodcarving
Wood carving is widely used in traditional architecture, often used in architectural beams and structural parts, eaves decoration and interior decoration.
Brick
Stone carvings are hard-wearing, durable, waterproof and moisture-proof, so they are often used in parts of buildings that need to be moisture-proof and stress-resistant.
The roof ridge of Foshan's traditional architecture is often decorated with gray sculptures and ceramic sculptures, and the themes include auspicious birds and beasts, landscapes, utensils, flowers, fruits, trees, character stories, etc., and through harmonic sounds, symbols and analogies, they express the good wishes of praying for good fortune and avoiding evil.
Shunde Le draws a line from the Ancient Ridge of the Chen Clan Ancestral Hall in Shajiao
Bogu ridge refers to the middle of the ridge decorated with gray plastic patterns, the two ends of the ridge with bricks into a geometric pattern of the abstract dragon pattern decoration, because of its similarity to the Bogu pattern, the folk also call it Bogu ridge. Foshan belonged to the land of South Vietnam in ancient times, and the Yue people worshipped snakes, and later turned to dragon worship under the influence of Han culture. Bogu Ridge embodies the history of the fusion of Han and Yue in the Foshan area and the culture of dragon and snake worship.
Chancheng stone liang Liang family temple roof ridge decoration
The unicorn is a mythical beast from ancient legends. According to legend, when Confucius was born, there was a Qilin descending to the world to spit out jade books in front of the door, and the folk used the "Qilin Tuyu Book" to represent the birth of saints, which means that xiangrui has come and descendants are virtuous.
Sanshui LuBaoXujiang Ancestral Temple Wudang Xinggong Baozhu pottery roof ridge decoration
Legend has it that the orb is a psychic treasure that can concentrate light and ignite fire, and is regarded as a mascot that shines on the earth and never extinguishes. The center of the ridge of the traditional building of Foshan is often decorated with ceramic beads, and the shape is surrounded by flames, so it is also called fire beads.
Shunde North Jiaoxin Village Zongsheng Nanzhibo ancient beam frame decorative line drawing, color drawing
Bogu beam frame refers to the supporting components of columns and beams replaced by cushions in the form of Bogu. In the late Qing Dynasty, ancestral halls and temples in Foshan began to use Bogu beam frames. Bogu beam frames are often decorated with patterns such as melon fruits, flower baskets, bats, etc., or made into a full-scale Bogu, decorated with bas-reliefs.
Liangyuan wooden lattice window decoration color drawing, line drawing
Wood flower lattice is often used in window sash, horizontal drapery, flower cover and other parts, generally uneasy glass, and the use of fine wood strips combined into a variety of patterns, a variety of forms, both ventilation, but also beautiful.
Foshan Traditional Cultural Symbols Volume 1
Text/Guangzhou Daily, New Flower City Reporter: Wu Bo
Photo/ Guangzhou Daily, Xinhuacheng reporter: Wu Bo
Video/Guangzhou Daily Xinhuacheng Reporter: Wu Bo
Correspondent: Li Qing
Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Editor: Li Yani