A modern history of China is a history of the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and both sides have racked their brains in order to win the final victory, and the military, political, and espionage means are endless. In the history of the Chinese revolution, there have been countless benevolent people who can sing and weep in the Communist Party, who have thrown their heads and spilled their blood for the victory of the Chinese revolution and the realization of their own beliefs, like Qian Zhuangfei, Xiong Xianghui, and Guo Ruhuai, who broke into the enemy's interior. They have withstood temptations and other tests, brilliantly fulfilled the tasks entrusted by the party and the people, and made great contributions to the party and the people. However, human nature is all double, and in the history of the party, there have also been people who betrayed the interests of the party and the people for their personal glory and wealth, and even betrayed the cause of the state, and this is zhang Qingrong, who was once the deputy commander of the 63rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division of the Fuzhou Military Region, who was the most harmful and had the worst impact.
Zhang Qingrong
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhang Qingrong joined the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army out of part of the Japanese invaders' cruelty to the Chinese compatriots, and from then on embarked on the road of trying to survive for the salvation of the nation. And at least at that time, he had revolutionary beliefs, because he fought bravely, took the initiative to charge forward, made many military achievements, and soon after was promoted from an ordinary soldier to deputy battalion commander by virtue of his own ability, and later officially promoted to battalion commander because of his new merits. Therefore, many people say that Zhang Qingrong's rebellion may have many reasons, but it will never be greedy for life and afraid of death.
By 1950, Zhang Qingrong was already the regimental commander of the anti-aircraft artillery regiment, and influenced the call of the party and the people, taking the initiative to participate in the great War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. He has made great achievements, so he has a heavy responsibility in returning to China.
At that time, China's Fujian coastal areas and other places were often harassed by the Kuomintang Air Force, and in order to effectively crack down on the arrogance of the Kuomintang Air Force, after the end of the Korean War, the anti-aircraft artillery unit was focused on deploying in the Fujian coast, and Zhang Qingrong was also appointed deputy commander of the 63rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division of the Fuzhou Military Region under such circumstances.
However, at this time, Zhang Qingrong had a feeling of pride and arrogance, and he felt that with his hard work on the battlefield and his military ability, he could get far better than the current rank and treatment, so he had a grudge in his heart, plus the domestic and international environment at that time was relatively peaceful as a whole, and he could not prove himself through war, so as to obtain better political capital.
At the same time, the telecommunications counter-insurgency work of Taiwan's Kuomintang agents also affected him. He was originally a diligent and earnest man, but he took advantage of his position to eavesdrop on the radio of Kuomintang agents, which not only portrayed Taiwan as a heavenly nest of comfort, but also many of the mainland's senior generals who voluntarily surrendered to Taiwan deliberately glorified the rich and noble and high-ranking officials Houlu. Zhang Qingrong, who was forced to the brink of leadership and command, was moved, so he contacted Taiwan's spies lurking on the mainland through various means and determined the escape route. On December 17, 1957, Zhang Qingrong used elaborate excuses to deceive the guards, left the barracks, drove a fishing boat from Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, to Kinmen Island, and joined the Taiwan spy personnel who came to meet him, and finally came to the road of no return of betraying the party, the people, and the country.
Kinmen Island
In the process of intercepting him, our army once advised him to turn back to the shore and strive for leniency, but Zhang Qingrong, who had lost his revolutionary faith, not only lost the most basic trust in the party and the people, but also wanted to go farther and farther on the road of betraying the country. After Zhang Qingrong reached Taiwan, he was personally received by Chiang Kai-shek, and he was also the only highest-ranking officer to be personally received by Chiang Kai-shek in the 17 defections that occurred on the mainland. To this end, Chiang Kai-shek also held a grand welcome meeting for him, and fulfilled the promises they had propagated on the radio of the rebellion: Xu Yi was rewarded with 500 taels of gold with glory and wealth, and Xu Yi, a high-ranking official Houlu, was appointed to the rank of colonel in the artillery. Seriously, although he is the highest-ranking general in the Communist army who has defected to the Kuomintang, his greatest role in Taiwan's eyes is not a military role, because being a traitor will not only lose the trust of his own side, but also make his side that has defected to him uneasy - because since you can betray your old master for the sake of interests yesterday, he may also betray your new master for new interests.
Therefore, after Zhang Qingrong arrived in Taiwan, except for a more comfortable material life, he did not have access to real real power, and his role was like a drama that went around preaching smear on the mainland and smearing the Communist Party, specifically saying that it made the Kuomintang happy rather than information that was of practical use to them. The Kuomintang made an excuse, saying that Zhang Qingrong could not take care of Him alone when he came to Taiwan alone, so it arranged special care personnel for him. We don't know if Zhang Qingrong realized at that time that this was just a person sent by the Kuomintang to monitor him because he could not trust him, but we know that even if he realized this, he could not refuse, because he had already gone farther and farther down the road of treason and treason, and there was no way to turn back, even if he thought about it.
Let's not mention Zhang Qingrong's final miserable end for the time being, but first discuss and discuss the reasons for Zhang Qingrong's rebellion.
First, they are all people who have broken through the rain of bullets, and he has embarked on the road of treason against the party and the country, and it will never be because he is greedy and afraid of death. For as long as he is greedy and afraid of death, he will not be able to go so far on the road of the Chinese revolution. For he was not a man who had no revolutionary faith from the beginning, but his revolutionary faith was slowly lost under the attack of the sugar-coated shells. Therefore, the first reason for Zhang Qingrong's rebellion was the loss of his faith.
Second, although it is shameful to betray the revolutionary cause for the satisfaction of material conditions, we cannot ignore the gap between the economic level of the Chinese mainland and the economic level of Taiwan at that time. As a result of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the Chinese mainland was full of holes and devastation; when the Kuomintang defeated and retreated from Taiwan, it plundered a large amount of gold from the mainland, and coupled with the economic blockade of the United States and other Western countries, the mainland population was relatively large, and Taiwan was not only a small population, but also a large number of resources brought by Chiang Kai-shek, as well as the assistance of the United States. The combination of these factors led to a serious backwardness in China's material living standards at that time, so that the treatment level of military and political personnel in Chinese mainland was generally lower than that of Taiwan's military and political personnel. In fact, the pursuit of material life itself is not wrong, but a gentleman who loves money has a way, should pursue material living conditions that match his own ability and the whole country and nation can afford, and must not abandon his position and principle because of some unrealistic material greed.
Third, the inertia of history. There is an old Chinese saying that one is born in comfort and death in sorrow. Although the events of defeating the forces far superior to themselves by relying on the conditions of the spread are not uncommon in Chinese history. Like the Yuan Dynasty to unify China, like Li Zicheng to overthrow the Ming Dynasty, they were able to explode an unprecedented fighting ability when the conditions were difficult and difficult, and after victory, they lost the ability to fight because there was no threat of external troubles. Although this historical inertia did not finally appear in the Communist Party of China, there were already signs at that time, such as zhang zishan and Liu Qingshan, who had been tested for a long time, who did not fall on the revolutionary battlefield, but fell under the bourgeois sugar-coated shells after the victory of the revolution. Fortunately, the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao discovered this phenomenon in a timely manner and intensified the ideological education of party members and cadres, so as to avoid this phenomenon from becoming more and more intense, and only then did our party avoid following the old road of Li Zicheng.
Let's talk about the final fate of this Zhang Qingrong. Zhang Qingrong is not a peaceful person, if other people's money and beauty are in their arms, they will have enjoyed it long ago, who still has the kung fu to care about the life and death of the Communist Party and the Kuomintang. But he was different, although he was a traitor, he was a "very responsible traitor." In 1958, we seized a Taiwanese spy and gave our army a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. To tell the truth, the political impact of the defection of an officer at the level of deputy division commander is still very large, and our army has long been making arrangements on how to get rid of Zhang Qingrong, a scum. At this time, Public Security Minister Luo Ruiqing personally commanded this Taiwan spy who was trying to save his life to release false news to Taiwan, saying that Zhang Qingrong's coming to Taiwan to surrender was false, and that taking the opportunity to steal the Political and Military Intelligence of the Kuomintang was the truth.
Luo Ruiqing
Chiang Kai-shek was very suspicious of this news at first, so he did not take action against Zhang Qingrong at first, but zhang Qingrong was damned and did not know how to restrain himself, and in order to ask the Taiwan authorities for credit, he publicly published two articles in October 1958, "The Road to Peace" and "On Communist Society". The article calls on Taiwan to do a good job in economic construction first, and after economic construction is carried out, the gap in material life between the two sides of the strait will naturally cause more people on the mainland to turn their backs on the CPC and re-throw themselves into the embrace of the KMT. However, at this time, the mainland side had just shelled Kinmen, and since counterattacking the mainland had always been Chiang Kai-shek's lifelong ambition, how could it be completely dispelled by this boy's rhetoric. In addition, in the years when Chiang Kai-shek led the Kuomintang, he suffered many losses as Communist spies, and after retiring to Taiwan, he also vigorously rectified Taiwan and almost exterminated the Communist Party in Taiwan. Now there is another person who sings the opposite tune with himself, and there is also a suspicion of espionage, this next Zhang Qingrong even if he jumps into the Yellow River can not be washed away, his fate fell from heaven to hell at once. Because whether Chiang Kai-shek believed or distrusted him, he could not enter the power center of the Kuomintang. It was not until 1958, the year after Zhang Qingrong defected from the mainland to Taiwan, that he was secretly executed by Chiang Kai-shek.
I think that with Taiwan's espionage capabilities at that time and the ability of the CIA, it is unlikely that Zhang Qingrong really surrendered, but in the end they still "confusedly" caught the CCP's "counter-plan" and executed Zhang Qingrong, not because they were incompetent, but because no traitor could gain the full trust of the new lord. When you have no value, you are doomed to a miserable end.
Transferred from Guoxue Changting