preface
In the early morning of December 17, 1957, near the coast of Fuzhou in China, a man who looked about thirty years old took advantage of the fact that it was still dark and hurriedly boarded a small fishing boat moored on the shore. Immediately, the fishing boat launched, bringing this "hero" who originally belonged to the mainland to a place that did not belong to him - Kinmen.
First, the "heavyweight traitor" - Zhang Qingrong
Real photo of Zhang Qingrong
The man who defected in front of him was none other than Zhang Qingrong, the deputy commander of the 63rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division of the Fuzhou Military Region, Chinese the People's Liberation Army.
As an old eighth road who participated in the revolution for nearly 20 years, why did Zhang Qingrong abandon the party and the people and throw himself into the arms of Chiang Kai-shek? This problem has to start from the birth of Zhang Qingrong in 1920.
1. Poverty at an early age creates character defects
Zhang Qingrong, born in 1920 in an ordinary small rural area in Baoding Qingyuan, Hebei Province, because the ancestors of the family are working people working in agriculture, and many are exploited and oppressed by landlords, so Zhang Qingrong's life when he was a child basically ate this meal and did not eat it.
It can be described as a special poverty, and it can even be said that it is the poorest family in the village.
The poor peasants of the old society
There is a landlord not far from Zhang Qingrong's house, but their family has meat to eat and surplus grain every year. Every time it was time to eat, the high chimney of the landlord's house would drift out a large stream of green smoke, and as the smoke was gradually blown away by the wind, the strong aroma of flesh suddenly came to the face, and everyone in the house of the hook kept looking out.
That smells so delicious! But what is the use of the fragrant, Zhang Qingrong can't eat it in his mouth, so he can only envy ah, envy is almost crazy. In the repeated envy day after day,
Little Zhang Qingrong had a wish in his heart, that is, to grow up quickly, and he also wanted to live a happy life like a dream like the landlord's family
。
But reality is always bitter, not to mention that in that era, he was born in a poor peasant family. As Zhang Qingrong grew up day by day, he understood more and more his future destiny, nothing more than like his father, continuing to work for the landlord's family.
So his mentality is also happening fast
Shaking
change.
Zhang Qingrong still envied the rich life of the landlord's family, but after knowing that he could not have such a life in this life in a great chance, he began to become disgusted with such a life, and even slowly derived from the extreme hatred for the landlord.
The landlord in the movie "Party A and Party B"
So in 1938, when the revolution was raging all over the country, a group of the Eighth Route Army passed by Zhang Qingrong's small village. And after he heard that the Eighth Route Army was specialized in fighting the landlords, and would also distribute the land in the hands of the landlords to all the poor people,
Out of extreme hatred for the landlord, plus thinking that his family is the poorest person in the village, he should be able to divide a lot of land,
Therefore, Zhang Qingrong, who was only 18 years old, resolutely joined the Eighth Route Army at that time.
Looking back at Zhang Qingrong's original intention of joining the army, it is not difficult for us to see that his purpose is not pure, it can also be said that it is mixed with too many personal selfish desires, compared with the starting point of most people "for the well-being of the people of the world", Zhang Qingrong is obviously a little selfish and narrow-minded.
This also made him dissatisfied with the status quo later, choosing
Treason against the enemy
, laid the groundwork.
2. The young man was awarded the rank of lieutenant colonel
After Zhang Qingrong joined the Eighth Route Army, he followed the army all the way to the south and into the north, and experienced various wars of all sizes, such as the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation, and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. And during these wars, after experiencing a series of fierce artillery fire from the enemy,
Zhang Qingrong not only survived smoothly, but also won several battles and became famous."
Hero veteran
”。
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea ended in victory
Since returning from the Korean battlefield in 1954, Jang Ching-young has become the deputy commander of the artillery division, when he was only 34 years old. Later, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, when the party and the government began to reward those who had meritorious deeds in the war, they did not forget this "veteran" who had made outstanding achievements in battle.
Therefore, in 1955, when the military merit was awarded, Zhang Qingrong was awarded
Lieutenant Colonel
Ranks.
Since in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the country was in a stage of "a hundred wastes to be rebuilt", and for a time, all kinds of talents were relatively scarce, so in order to better cultivate more talents, the party and the government first selected some outstanding fighters from the army and went to various places for study and further study, including Zhang Qingrong.
With the support of the party and the government, Zhang Qingrong, 36, came to the Artillery Officer School in 1956 to start systematic study. Time passed quickly, zhang Qingrong quickly graduated smoothly,
Soon after graduation, he was immediately arranged by the Central Military Commission to the newly established one
Fuzhou Military Region
He served as the second deputy commander of the 63rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division.
It can be seen from this that the party and the government have placed deep hopes on Zhang Qingrong, but what people did not expect was that Zhang Qingrong not only did not appreciate the state's painstaking cultivation of him, but on the contrary, he was already dissatisfied and secretly planned to treason and flee the enemy!
Second, they are dissatisfied and cannot escape the temptation to make mistakes
1. Is it the injustice of the army that is full of dissatisfaction?
According to later relevant information and witness accounts,
After Zhang Qingrong was awarded the rank of lieutenant colonel, not only was he not proud of it, but he was very dissatisfied, feeling that he was"
Revolutionary veteran
”、“
Heroes of the War of Resistance
", disgusted
The rank is too low to deserve itself
He has complained and complained to people more than once in private:
"I think when I joined the army when I was only 18, these ten years of ups and downs, with the army to fight the world, what suffering has not been eaten, what injuries have not been suffered, in the end, the merits are rewarded, others are major generals, colonels, no matter how bad it is, it is also a colonel, to me this only caught a lieutenant colonel, really unconvinced!" 」
In 1955, the People's Liberation Army conferred titles and medals ceremony
In fact, from the perspective of the award of titles alone, Zhang Qingrong's anger is not unreasonable. Indeed, for a "veteran" who has experienced a total of 17 years in the War of Resistance Against Japan, the War of Liberation, and the Korean War, the rank of lieutenant colonel awarded to him is indeed a bit low.
And refer to the army with him
Same period
of soldiers, among which were granted
senior colonel
, and even
major general
People are even more so
There are a lot of people
So, is the truth really that, as Zhang Qingrong said, he was treated unfairly in the army? Or is there some other unknown reason? As a result, he committed the heinous crime of defecting to the enemy and treason, which has been left for thousands of years. Don't worry, you officials, listen to me slowly.
It turned out that Zhang Qingrong had made a very serious "personal style" mistake in his previous military service, and when the army awarded the title, it was not only based on a person's military age and military merit, but also comprehensively considered and evaluated from many aspects, so when Zhang Qingrong was finally awarded the title, he was only named lieutenant colonel, which was completely dropped into the pit he had personally dug.
2, clothes return home, but become rogue hooligans
After the successful conclusion of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in 1953, most of the soldiers who participated in the war began to respond to the state's policy and retired to their hometowns. Among them, there was Zhang Qingrong, who had made many contributions on the battlefield and was awarded the deputy commander of the artillery division.
Compared with most other soldiers, Zhang Qingrong can really be described as "
Homecoming
"What a sight to behold!"
For a time, Zhang Qingrong's "hero" name was spread by word of mouth, and almost all the people in Baoding Qingyuan knew his name
The warriors returned victoriously and were praised by the crowd
Just when the whole people of Qingyuan were proudly cheering for the emergence of a "people's hero" in their place, no one could have imagined that not long after, this people would praise him."
hero
", it will become famous"
Bully hooligans
”！
It is said that since Zhang Qingrong "returned to his hometown in gold", I don't know if he has been poor in the army, he has changed his previous style, and he has taken up his "high position and authority", no one in the small county town dares to offend himself, and he began to gradually become indulgent.
In life, Zhang Qingrong not only began to become "petty bourgeois", but also began to show his official prestige in his work. For example, in ordinary days, Zhang Qingrong often gives orders to his comrades, but this is not to mention, for the work of those comrades who are not under his management, he often points fingers without knowing anything.
Therefore, the comrades of the Qingyuan local government are simply "dumb and eat huanglian - there is bitterness that cannot be said", and Zhang Qingrong's "prestige" has gradually spread out.
Since then, Zhang Qingrong's style evaluation has begun to change, gradually from everyone's praise to adult dissatisfaction. What is even more infuriating is that Zhang Qingrong has also blatantly used his private rights on many occasions to "seek welfare" for his family, including, but not limited to, openly clamoring with the "unified purchase and marketing" policy formulated by the government.
Residents' lives under "unified purchasing and marketing"
In the 1950s and 1960s, several major socio-economic reforms were carried out by the state
There is an imbalance between food supply and demand,
So in order to effectively alleviate the problem of food shortage in some places, the government is in
On October 16, 1953, it was published about "
Grain purchase and marketing
"policy,
For a time, it caused a major reaction from people. Baoding, Hebei, which is not far from Beijing, is naturally among them.
Under the policy of "unified purchase and unified marketing", the whole country is divided
In addition to the "planned purchase" and "planned supply" of grain, the purchase of agricultural and sideline products such as pork, eggs, sugar, and flue-cured tobacco was also carried out.
Therefore, when this policy came down, it was opposed by many people.
Especially the people in Zhang Qingrong's hometown, because Baoding Qingyuan is close to Beijing, so the policy news comes quickly, although they are extremely dissatisfied with the policy of "unified purchase and unified marketing", but their own people are light-hearted, and there is no way to block the implementation of the policy.
Therefore, he moved out Zhang Qingrong, who held an important position in the army, hoping that he could help solve this matter.
Sumptuous guest banquets
So one day not long after, they prepared a generous gift to invite Zhang Qingrong, and Zhang Qingrong, after passing through the group's sneaking and flattery at the wine table, gradually blurred his position, and immediately boasted to the crowd, saying:
"What a big deal, hurry up like this, rest assured, this matter is wrapped up in me, if there is anything, I will solve it, you guys, just rest assured, nothing else needs to be done."
After getting Zhang Qingrong's promise, everyone thought that things were basically stable and left with joy. And Zhang Qingrong's side,
After receiving the request from the crowd, it was indeed very "
charge
To block the implementation and implementation of the "unified purchase and marketing" in Baoding Qingyuan, provoking the local government of Qingyuan to behave towards him
dissatisfied
on the basis of one more layer
abhor
3. After the "great transgression" punishment, I feel resentful
However, in addition, the local government of Qingyuan really had no way to take Zhang Qingrong, after all, an officer at the level of deputy division commander was placed in a small county town, which was really a "heavyweight" existence, and no one dared to offend the kind. However, this "unified purchase and unified marketing" is a policy directive explicitly ordered by the CPC Central Committee to be implemented as soon as possible and implemented, and they dare not slack off in the slightest.
The first commander of the Fuzhou Military Region- Ye Fei
Therefore, in desperation, the qingyuan local government really had no way but to report this situation to the leaders of Zhang Qingrong's unit.
When the leaders of the troops received this news, they were all greatly angered. In the face of such a serious act of "corrupting military style and discipline," the relevant leaders immediately organized a large-scale meeting to conduct a severe criticism and education of Zhang Qingrong and remember the "great transgressions," hoping to warn him not to make the same mistakes in the future.
However, judging from the later events, Zhang Qingrong not only did not change his past wrongs, but it is very likely that he would feel resentful at this moment. Later, when the army was awarded the rank, it was precisely because there was such a serious violation of discipline "previous crime", so Zhang Qingrong did not pass the comprehensive consideration of the army, and finally only obtained the rank of lieutenant colonel. This incident further intensified his dissatisfaction and laid the foundation for his later act of surrendering to the enemy.
3. Unexpected defection to the enemy and treason
1. Temptation from Taiwan
When Chiang Kai-shek was defeated and retreated to Taiwan in 1949, he not only took away important talents, machinery and equipment, but also ordered the accompanying army to take away a large amount of gold and silver jewelry, and at this point, the Kuomintang government also "moved" from Nanjing to Taiwan, and the Central People's Government and the Kuomintang government also began a long-term confrontation across the strait.
Chiang Kai-shek took with him a large amount of gold
In the carry"
Huge wealth
The Kuomintang, after retreating to Taiwan, stepped up all construction work on Taiwan
So, before long, Taiwan gradually began to develop from a dilapidated, backward island. At the same time, on the mainland side, socialist reforms and explorations are still being carried out.
Therefore, in that era, Taiwan's economic development speed was indeed slightly faster than that of the mainland on the whole.
And just when everyone thought that the Kuomintang was vigorously engaged in the development of Taiwan and could be peacefully divided for a while, chiang kai-shek did not expect that Chiang Kai-shek would not change his mind and would not be ashamed to release the operational plan of "counter-attacking" the mainland.
More is starting to be implemented by some
psychological warfare
Vainly
Formulate
Some people whose faith is not strong and whose hearts are not firm.
For example, the Kuomintang came up with a confusing operation, they made a large number of small hot air balloons, tied some delicious food and fashionable clothes that were not common in the mainland at that time, tied them to these hot air balloons, and released them near the coast, thus showing how beautiful their lives were.
The Kuomintang is flying hot air balloons
Planes will even be sent to throw leaflets in the air, printing some smear remarks against the mainland and "beautiful photos" of Taiwan residents living in abundance, in a vain attempt to drum up the will of some people. But it is clear that this move does not seem to have much effect.
In addition, the Kuomintang also set up a series of open radio broadcasts, through the selection of some sweet and very seductive hosts.
Through the most perfect shaping, Taiwan is almost touted into heaven and earth, unique"
Eden Garden
”，
Then 24 hours a day and all the military and civilians on the mainland are carried out without interruption."
Surrender
Temptation, and vigorously preached on the radio:
"If any interested mainland general, no matter how big or small, can come to Taiwan and serve the National Government, Taiwan will sincerely treat high-ranking officials with kindness and promise to reward 500 taels of gold and 1 beautiful woman immediately!"
The life of the masses in the period of economic reform
Because at that time, our country was in a period of exploration of economic reform, so all the people at all levels of the country, including the leaders at all levels of the country, were living in relative poverty.
As soon as the Kuomintang made this remark, several people who admired vanity and were uneasy about the status quo soon became defective.
Of course, zhang Qingrong's figure is naturally indispensable.
2. Decided to defect late at night after surrendering to the enemy
After hearing the "gold and beauty" promised by the Kuomintang, Zhang Qingrong's long-uneasy heart began to agitate eagerly. After that, he tried to get in touch with the Kuomintang side.
After some twists and turns, Zhang Qingrong secretly had contact with the Kuomintang side, and immediately after contacting him, he asked whether the conditions on the radio were true, and after receiving the personal consent of the Kuomintang high-level, Zhang Qingrong, who was eager for profit, could no longer resist his desire to fly to Taiwan, and planned in detail a top-secret defection route.
Golden Gate Island photos
So in the early morning of December 17, 1957, when the moon was hazy and there was no one around, Zhang Qingrong came to the small fishing boat prepared in advance on the shore and began to slide the oars quickly to Kinmen Island, which was controlled by the Kuomintang army.
After meeting with the Kuomintang staff who had been in contact in advance, Zhang Qingrong was here
Kinmen Island
Shang stayed for a few days, and then after everything was arranged properly, with their assistance, Zhang Qingrong succeeded
Defected
Arrived in Taiwan Province.
At that time, even though the Kuomintang side swore an oath to hold a high-ranking official, under the good patriotic education of the party and the government, there were very few who were really moved and chose to flee.
And later it turned out that like Zhang Qingrong"
In a high position
"Traitors, indeed, too
He was alone
Therefore, when the news of Zhang Qingrong's defection to Taiwan came, people on both sides of the taiwan strait were particularly shocked.
However, even if it was shocked, it could not stop Chiang Kai-shek's joy. After hearing that Zhang Qingrong went to the island,
Chiang Kai-shek immediately
Meet in person
He was and held a grand ceremony for him
Welcome to the General Assembly
, and invited countless well-known
Big media
Report on this
。 In addition, he also fulfilled the promise of 500 gold and 1 beautiful woman on the spot, and even awarded him the rank of colonel, fulfilling Zhang Qingrong's dream of "promotion" for a long time.
Triumphant Zhang Qingrong
Zhang Qingrong, who is standing in the spotlight of countless media, has been lost in this at this moment
All eyes on it
In the treatment, I completely forgot myself
traitor
The identity can be described as positive
Spring breeze triumphant
It was as if he had ushered in a new life.
Therefore, after the incident, Zhang Qingrong also deliberately changed his name to "Zhang Chunsheng", indicating that he was determined to completely break with his previous self and start his new life from then on.
But just when he was proud and secretly happy that his future was bright, he did not notice that danger was quietly approaching him...
Fourth, the rabbit died and the dog cooked, and after the "anti-inter-plan", it was ruthlessly erased by lao Jiang
In order to be able to plot against more people, under the secret permission of Chiang Kai-shek, after Zhang Qingrong defected to Taiwan, he was honored as a "guest of honor" by people with heads and faces in various parts of Taiwan and the media. And he came as an extremely selfish and vain man,
In the face of so many people's boasting and pursuit, Zhang Qingrong is not only getting more and more
Arrogant
, and even started to become
Be arrogant
In the end, he even openly confronted Chiang Kai-shek!
Photo of Chiang Kai-shek
At that time, when Zhang Qingrong rose to fame by sparing no effort to discredit the mainland throughout Taiwan, he gradually became enjoying the pleasure brought to him by fame and fortune and became more active in the media. Zhang Qingrong's remarks, which smeared the mainland, began to frequently discuss Taiwan's current political issues.
Sometimes, in the face of the policies and principles pursued by Chiang Kai-shek, Zhang Qingrong also made a big talk without mercy, in addition to that,
Zhang Qingrong also published in some of Taiwan's more influential newspapers
"On Communist Society"
、
The Road to Peace
And many other articles to clearly ridicule the rule of the Kuomintang government.
Zhang Qingrong's behavior of "moving the soil on the head of the head of the old age" also gradually aroused Chiang Kai-shek's suspicion and dissatisfaction.
Because after Zhang Qingrong defected, he did not provide any useful and important information to the Kuomintang side, coupled with his various confusing operations, Chiang Kai-shek doubted whether Zhang Qingrong's surrender was."
Have an axe to grind
”。 So in August 1958, Chiang Kai-shek began to order agents lurking on the mainland to investigate zhang Qingrong's background.
Coincidentally, this Kuomintang agent happened to be captured by Luo Ruiqing, the minister of public security, and after learning the news, Luo Ruiqing carefully formulated a "counter-plan" to prepare them to bite the dog, and then punish Zhang Qingrong, a traitor!
Real photo of Luo Ruiqing
After luo ruiqing arrested this Kuomintang agent, he did not immediately release news to the outside world, but kept persuading him to "move with affection and understand it with reason." Finally, he successfully plotted against him and released false news to the Taiwan side, saying that Zhang Qingrong had always been a secret agent sent by the Communist Party.
On October 30, 1958, Chiang Kai-shek, who received the news, was suddenly furious and immediately ordered the immediate arrest of Zhang Qingrong
。 At that time, Zhang Qingrong was still giving his "anti-communist" speech at the railway station, and he was taken away by the Kuomintang troops who rushed to the train station. Then Chiang Kai-shek did not give Zhang Qingrong any chance to breathe.
In December of the same year, he was shot directly.
Afterwards, Chiang Kai-shek wrote in his diary:
"Zhang Qingrong, who had been poisoned for too long and whose temperament was difficult to change, thought that he had no value left for use, and decided to dispose of it secretly and have it carried out by the Intelligence Bureau."
Since ancient times, "cunning rabbits die, lackeys cook", but zhang Qingrong was just 38 years old at that time, which was the golden age of a man's career development, if he had never betrayed the country, what a bright future scene it should be now.
Unfortunately, life is not if, after Zhang Qingrong chose to defect to the enemy and treason, it has been forever nailed to the column of shame of history, destined to be left behind for thousands of years!