It is difficult to sacrifice one's body to go to the country, and it is difficult to see death as a sudden return.
——— Cao Zhi's "White Horse"
In the former Republic of China period, there were many external worries and internal troubles.
Under the turmoil of the situation, some people have chosen to betray the country, and some people have chosen to serve the country with their own example.
There were many patriots emerging during this period, but one was quite special.
He was the son of the great warlord, and He and Zhang Xueliang were brothers, and together they took the word "Han Qing" from Feng Yong.
Left: Zhang Xueliang Right: Feng Yong
Most people only know the national hero Zhang Xueliang Zhang Hanqing, but the other Feng Yong Feng Hanqing is rarely known.
Feng Yong's life is magnificent, and there are three things that are the most enjoyable.
The first was to serve as the commander of the Northeast Air Force during the Republic of China period.
The second is to scatter the family wealth and single-handedly establish a free university of a public welfare nature.
Third, after the September 18 Incident, because of his refusal to surrender, he was escorted to Tokyo by the Japanese army and established the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army after escaping danger and returning to China.
Although Feng Yong was the son of a great warlord, he chose a completely different path from his fathers.
Son of a great warlord
In the early days of the Republic of China, various warlords divided one side after another, and the northeast was even more powerful.
At that time, in order of age, Ma Longtan, Wu Junsheng, Sun Liechen, Zhang Jinghui, Feng Delin, Tang Yulin, Zhang Zuolin, and Zhang Zuoxiang were worshipped as brothers.
Feng Yong's father was the great warlord Feng Delin, when Yuan Shikai granted Zhang Zuolin the military and political power of Fengtian, and Feng Delin was appointed military deputy, becoming the second most important figure in the northeast after Zhang Zuolin.
Feng Delin is 9 years older than Zhang Zuolin, in front of him, Feng Delin has always regarded himself as an elder, and Zhang Zuolin has always respected this big brother.
Although the two warlords had military power and political disagreements, they never fought each other.
When Zhang Xun, the commander of the Braided Army, plotted to restore the country, he called Zhang Zuolin and Feng Delin to enter Beijing.
After analyzing the situation, Zhang Zuolin judged that the chances of a successful restoration were very small.
However, Feng Delin was in a position to make Zhi Dim dim, believing that as long as he supported Zhang Xun's successful restoration, he could be promoted to the rank of knight and return to the northeast, thus taking Zhang Zuolin's place.
Therefore, Feng Delin, as the plenipotentiary representative of the northeast, immediately went to Beijing to meet Zhang Xun, supported the restoration and was willing to be loyal to him.
Subsequently, he ordered the transfer of some officers and men of the Twenty-eighth Division to Beijing to "praise the restoration and defend the imperial family."
Although Feng Delin was full of ambition, he could not see the overall situation clearly, and the farce of restoration was immediately opposed by the whole country.
After Zhang Xun's restoration failed, Feng Delin was arrested by Duan Qirui's men in Tianjin.
Although Zhang Zuolin and Feng Delin have always been at odds, they still went to Beijing to find Duan Qirui to lobby.
In the end, after efforts by all parties to dredge it up, the Duan Qirui government changed the verdict to "insufficient evidence for participating in the restoration, and was punished with 800 yuan for opium smoking" and released.
Previously, Zhang Zuolin was the commander of the Twenty-seventh Division of the Feng Army, and after this incident, Feng Delin went down to the field, and his own Twenty-eighth Division was also under the control of Zhang Zuolin.
Since then, Zhang Zuolin has become the most powerful warlord in the northeast, and he has been nicknamed "King of the Northeast"!
"Young Marshal" Feng Yong stills
Although the fathers were full of enmity and hatred, it had no impact on Zhang Xueliang and Feng Yong, who were also the sons of warlords.
The two were born in the same year, not only grew up together, but also worshiped as brothers, but also took the word "HanQing" together.
Due to his family origin and social influence, after graduating from the Beijing Army Lecture Hall, Feng Yong returned to the Northeast Army.
Just when everyone thought that he would inherit his father's business and become a warlord, he made a completely different choice.
Run a free university
At that time, Zhang Zuolin gave a lot of attention to Feng Delin after losing power, and also promoted his eldest son Feng Yong to be the chief of staff of the Northeast Air Force Major General.
However, Feng Delin was already discouraged, and after going to the field, he began to engage in industrial and commercial construction, not only founded a traditional Chinese medicine hospital in Beizhen, but also established the Daye Iron Factory, and gradually guided his son Feng Yong to abandon high-ranking officials and break away from the military.
In 1926, Feng Delin died of a sudden heart attack in the Beizhen mansion, and officials led by Zhang Zuolin held a funeral in Beizhen for 7749 days.
In the past, the South Gate was the Arc de Triomphe, and it was necessary to go after winning battles and holding celebrations.
Since the Ming Dynasty general Li Chengliang, Feng Delin was the first to emerge from the South Gate in hundreds of years.
After Feng Delin's death, Feng Yong retired from the military (still retaining his rank) and prepared to open a school.
It should be known that Feng Delin, as an early general of the Fengzhi warlords, accumulated a huge family property in more than 20 years.
However, Feng Yong gathered the people who owed money to the Feng family and burned the bonds in public; he also gathered the people who had staked the land code to the Feng family, returned the land deeds in public, and destroyed the IOUs;
Finally, the family was summoned to announce that all the Feng family's property of 3.1 million silver dollars would be donated as the school property of Feng Yong University.
Feng Yong was a "strange man who scattered his family wealth to do great things" in modern Chinese history.
He firmly believed that the development of industry could save the country, and the basis for the development of industry lay in education, and "education to save the country" became Feng Yong's ideal.
To this end, he sold his property and founded Feng Yong University, which was not only the first private university in Northeast China, but also the first Western-style university in China, and it was completely free.
His righteous deeds are also admired by the people of the northeast, praising him as "the best prince of the world".
At the beginning of 1927, Feng Yong University broke ground, and after day and night construction, it took only more than four months to build a university campus with a unique layout with more than 200 classrooms, offices and dormitories, and the 26-year-old Feng Yong served as the president and training director.
Subsequently, in less than a month, Feng Yong University recruited five classes of students, and it is expected that more than 180 people will be enrolled.
At the same time, because Feng Yong served in the Air Force for many years, Feng Yong University also became the first university in the Republic of China to have military teaching aircraft and airports.
In the following years, Feng Yong University expanded its faculty of engineering, law and education, with a total of more than 700 students.
Later, according to the old man Zhang Wenqi, Feng Yong's nephew, the purpose of Feng Yong's school was to "create the youth of new China."
However, at that time, Japan had been coveting the northeast for many years, and in the face of the grim reality of the Japanese aggressors' pursuit of enslavement education, Feng Yong put forward the "Eight Virtues and Eight Rectifications," that is, to arm the young people's thinking and spirit with the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, so as to resist the enslavement education of the Japanese invaders.
He also stipulated that in addition to the courses that should be taught in the classroom, everyone should be trained in the military, and forced exercise should be practiced for one hour every day, even if it is snowy in the harsh winter, students must sit in the snow and practice repeatedly to enhance their physical fitness and cultivate their spirit of bearing hardships and standing hard work.
Only four years after the establishment of Feng Yong University, the "9.18" incident broke out.
Tokyo Escape
At that time, with the growing fame of Feng Yong University, the Feng Yong educational doctrine followed pointed directly at Japanese imperialism, causing strong dissatisfaction in the Japanese army, which was regarded as a thorn in the eye and a thorn in the flesh.
At 6:30 a.m. on September 19, 1931, the city of Shenyang fell, and the entire city was plunged into an unprecedented disaster.
At 4 p.m. on the 21st, Feng Yong University, Northeastern University and Northeastern University factories were occupied by the Japanese army, and Japanese soldiers conducted a comprehensive search inside the school, destroyed the school building, practice factory, office facilities, etc., and looted the boxes and cabinets of classrooms and dormitories.
The Japanese soldiers also arbitrarily forced all the students to leave the school that day and not to go to class again.
On September 22, the Japanese arrested and imprisoned Feng Yong, the president of Feng Yong University.
The commander of the Kwantung Army, Honjo Fan, wanted to coerce the imprisoned Feng Yong into becoming the leader of the northeast and organize the independence of Manchuria, and formally put forward two conditions: one was to permanently break away from the Nationalist government and declare independence; the other was to recognize all the rights that Japan had acquired in Manchuria and Mongolia.
Honjo Fan also promised to be fully assisted by the Japanese side in terms of military strength, and the finances would be provided by Mantetsu Co., Ltd., so that Feng Yong would replace Zhang Xueliang to preside over the political situation in the northeast.
Feng Yong's righteousness was awe-inspiring, and he categorically refused: "Therefore, if you kill me, I will also die a bright and honest death", "Dead ears, swear not to be a traitor to the country".
The Japanese believe that Feng Yong still has use value, so they have not poisoned Feng Yong for the time being.
Feng Yong passed a note to the school through the teacher who came to visit him: "Master Feng quickly arrived in Beiping. So the students began to prepare to go to Beiping.
After failing to persuade Feng Yong to surrender, the Japanese army abducted Feng Yong to Tokyo, and many patriots began to actively move to rescue Feng Yong.
Finally, with the help of Feng Yong University's Japanese professor Hirata Okabe, Feng Yong fled from The Tiger's Mouth.
He took a detour from Shanghai to beiping, presided over the affairs of Feng Yong University in exile, prepared for the resumption of Feng Yong University, and established the Feng Yong University Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army.
On October 1, 1932, teachers and students of Feng Yong University resumed school at the former Army University building at Chongyuanguan No. 5, Xizhimen, Beiping, and Zhang Xueliang attended the opening ceremony.
At the end of that year, Feng Yong and Wang Huayi, Lu Guangji, Yan Baohang, and other well-known progressive figures in northeast China at that time went to Nanjing to petition Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan.
In 1932, when the Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance broke out, the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army of Feng Yong University, led by Feng Yong, went to Shanghai to participate in the propaganda and rescue work of the position.
In early 1933, the Japanese army attacked Rehe Province, and Feng Yong led students to Chengde to participate in the anti-Japanese resistance.
In June of that year, the Feng family's private property was basically exhausted, and Feng Yong University never regained the strength of the school.
With Zhang Xueliang's consent, Feng Yong incorporated the school into Northeastern University, and he continued to participate in anti-Japanese activities with many patriotic teachers and students.
From its establishment to its dissolution, Feng Yong University has three groups of graduates.
Feng Yong University, the first private university in Northeast China, ended after six years.
After that, Feng Yong's identity changed from principal to general again, and he served as the commander-in-chief of the Seventh Road of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, and zhang Tingshu, the son of Zhang Zuoxiang, who was also Zhang Zuolin's brother, participated in the Great Wall War of Resistance.
Zhang Xueliang, Feng Yong and Zhang Tingshu, the sons of three warlords who grew up together, made different choices in the face of Japanese aggression, which also foreshadowed their later very different paths in life.
On December 12, 1936, in order to save the nation from peril, he advised Chiang Kai-shek to change the established national policy of "foreign countries must first be safe inside", stop the civil war and unite to resist Japan.
Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng resolutely carried out "military advice" against Chiang Kai-shek in Lintong, detained Chiang Kai-shek, who had come to Shaanxi to supervise the war, and launched the "Xi'an Incident" that shocked China and foreign countries.
Zhang Xueliang was then placed under house arrest by Chiang Kai-shek for more than 50 years, only to regain his freedom in 1990.
Zhang Zuoxiang's son Zhang Tingshu, after the Great Wall War, because of his insistence on opposing the fight against the civil war, defected to the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army in southeastern Jin in October 1937, and was appointed commander of the first guerrilla column of the Eighth Route Army, and died of illness in Beiping on July 23, 1949.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Feng Yong successively served as commander of the security forces in Kunshan, Changxing, Xiangfan, and other places, commander of martial law, and supervisor of military law enforcement in the theater.
In 1948, Feng Yong went to Taiwan with his family. In 1981, Feng Yong died in Taipei at the age of 80.
The great wheel of the times rolls forward.
Zhang Xueliang, Feng Yong and Zhang Tingshu, who grew up together, were all from warlord backgrounds.
But when his home country was in danger, he resolutely stepped forward.
They are all patriotic generals with iron bones and national righteous soldiers!
It was also the group of people who really wanted to save China at that time!
End