Qianlong is the longest-lived emperor in the history of China, reigning for 60 years, announcing the abdication of the throne to his son Jiaqing at the age of 86, and then actually ruling power as the emperor of the Taishang for more than three years, and finally died at the age of 89, he is not only the longest-lived emperor in The Great Unification Dynasty in Chinese history, but also the emperor who actually reigned for the longest time in Chinese history, so why can Qianlong live so long among the ancient emperors whose average life expectancy is only 39 years?
Qianlong's genetics are extremely powerful
Qianlong's father knew that it was Yongzheng, and the Yongzheng Emperor did not live long, Yongzheng only lived for 58 years, but Qianlong's mother, that is, Empress Xiaoshengxian, Was a woman who was both long-lived and blessed, and Qianlong's mother, Niu Hulu, lived for 86 years, and was the longest-lived empress dowager in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
As early as the forty-third year of Kangxi (1704), when she was 12 years old, she married Yongzheng, who was 14 years older than herself and was still a prince, and although NiuHulu married Yongzheng very early and was so many years younger than Yongzheng, she was not favored by Yongzheng.
Even after giving birth to Qianlong, the Niuhulu clan was still not favored by Yongzheng, and was still a concubine in prince Yong's palace, and yongzheng at this time all his feelings were invested in the Nian clan that he loved all his life, that is, the later Dunsu Emperor's concubine.
Although Yongzheng preferred Qianlong, he did not favor his mother Niu Hulu because of this, but her husband did not hurt or love or tighten, and soon her husband Kangxi praised the appearance of Niu Hulu as a person with great blessings, and it turned out that Qianlong, the son of Niu Hulu, had won Kangxi's favor, and Kangxi once said that Qianlong was "blessed with too much", which meant that Qianlong was more blessed than Kangxi, so Kangxi specially summoned Qianlong's biological mother Niu Hulu, and then said that his daughter-in-law Niu Hulu was very blessed.
It was also because of Kangxi's words that Yongzheng began to pay attention to the Niuhulu clan and Qianlong. After that, Qianlong's mother and son were indeed just like Kangxi said, and life was like opening and hanging.
Immediately after Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, he secretly crowned Qianlong as crown prince, and in the third year of Yongzheng (1725), the noble concubine Nian of Dunsu, who had been favored by Yongzheng, died, and Yongzheng also secretly established Qianlong as the heir, and began to gradually become more and more fond of Nian after the death of Aifei Nianshi, it can be seen that both Qianlong's mother and son were blessed people.
Therefore, with the longevity gene of the old mother Niu Hulu, the life expectancy of Qianlong will naturally not be too short.
The country is strong and the political situation is stable
The period of Qianlong's rule over China was also the period of the last feudal dynasty in Chinese history, the "Kangqian Prosperous Era", in which grandfather Kangxi laid the overall tone, his father Yongzheng laid the foundation for the prosperous world with hard work, and Qianlong adhered to the inheritance of his grandfather and father to create the "Qianlong Prosperous Era".
Therefore, during the Qianlong administration, the country's political situation was basically very stable, especially his father Yongzheng's thirteen years of diligent administration created a large amount of wealth for him to create a prosperous world.
And Qianlong was very blessed, at the beginning of the succession to the throne, he quickly completed some major events that needed to worry about labor, just like the Dzungar Department had been the northwestern border of the Qing Dynasty during the Kangxi and Yongzheng periods, which was a great threat to the Qing Dynasty, and as a result, in the Qianlong Decade (1745), the Dzungar outbreak of epidemic plague, the Great Khan Kaldanze died of plague, after which the Dzungars fought for the heir to the Khan throne for many years, and Qianlong seized the opportunity of infighting among the Dzungars. It took only half a year for his brother-in-law Fu Heng to lead troops to attack the Dzungars that Kangxi and Yongzheng had not been able to clean up for two generations.
After that, the national strength of the Qing Dynasty became stronger and stronger, and after the fierce enemy Dzungars were pacified, the rest of the battles were basically smoothly quelled by Qianlong, so Qianlong also dared to claim to be a perfect martial artist.
Under these circumstances, the country is rich and stable, the national strength is at its peak, and Qianlong has fewer things to worry about and pressure, which is a sharp contrast compared to Qianlong's father, Yongzheng.
Although Yongzheng only reigned for thirteen years, but yongzheng faced a much greater pressure than Qianlong, Kangxi in his later years of corruption, the national treasury was empty, coupled with Kangxi's sons in his later years of the struggle for the throne, Yongzheng succeeded to the throne at the beginning of the people's unstable, and Yongzheng on the one hand to deal with the brothers who refused to submit to him, but also on the other hand to rectify the government and replenish the treasury, so Yongzheng implemented the new policy after the succession, and the implementation of the new policy was not smooth, offending too many interests of the clan. Therefore, the resistance encountered after Yongzheng came to power was far greater than that of Qianlong, who succeeded to the throne smoothly.
Therefore, Yongzheng reigned for thirteen years is diligent and conscientious, Yongzheng also sacrificed his personal relaxation time for the sake of governing the country, Yongzheng reigned for thirteen years never went out to tour, let alone to Chengde Mountain Resort, yongzheng after succeeding to the throne the farthest place is the Yuanmingyuan in Haidian, so Yongzheng was finally exhausted at the age of 58.
Such a comparison can not be seen that the political situation is stable, the national strength can make the emperor worry a lot less, but also prolong the emperor's life, Qianlong just happened to be a blessed emperor, when he succeeded to the throne, he took over the political stability and the country's prosperity and strength.
Qianlong is a person with strong self-discipline, and his life, diet, and rest are very regular
Qianlong himself was also a person with strong self-discipline, and all aspects of his life and life were very regular. Just like Qianlong is very popular, there are many harem beauties, but Qianlong is not indulgent, even if the women he loves are also moderate when they have sex with them, guarding the harem beauties can do not indulge, which is rare in ancient and modern emperors.
Emperors with perseverance, such as Chongzhen, the late Ming Emperor, were afraid of their own indulgence, so they rarely accepted concubines, and did not allow beautiful women to enter the harem, so that they could restrain themselves, but it was still very rare for an emperor like Qianlong to take a lot of harem concubines, but he could still restrain himself.
Moreover, every time Qianlong had sex, he let the eunuch of the honorific room pinch himself with time, that is, he was afraid that he would not be able to control himself during intercourse, and he wanted to hurt himself, which showed that Qianlong was a very self-disciplined person.
Qianlong is also very regular in diet, Qianlong himself loves to drink, especially after drinking wine, he often writes a few small poems to help him, but Qianlong loves to drink but does not drink, he is very restrained, Qianlong drinks in quantity, never drinks much, and almost never gets drunk.
In fact, Qianlong not only loves to drink, but also loves to smoke, Qianlong loved to smoke in his early years, and the great talent Ji Xiaolan was therefore similar to Qianlong's interests, coupled with his talent, he won Qianlong's love and appreciation.
However, after Qianlong entered middle age, he often coughed, so the imperial doctor advised Qianlong to quit smoking, so Qianlong thought about his body, saying that he would quit smoking immediately after quitting smoking, and ordered Ji Xiaolan not to smoke in front of him in the future to tempt him.
During Qianlong's reign, due to the abundant treasury, his diet was very luxurious, but Qianlong was very restrained in eating, and he had to eat meat and vegetables every time he ate, and he never ate enough, even if he loved to eat delicious, Qianlong never ate much. According to historical records, every time Qianlong used a meal until the end, he never overeated because of his greedy tongue.
And Qianlong work and rest is very regular, get up at 5 o'clock in the morning every day, and then run the breathing method to nourish the body to about 6 o'clock to 7 o'clock to start eating breakfast, after eating a meal Qianlong must take a hundred steps, and then rest for a moment to start working, until after 2 p.m. to start eating dinner, after dinner is Qianlong's personal relaxation and rest time, such as flipping over the concubine's brand or hiking exercise.
At about 7 p.m. Qianlong will no longer eat, but only eat a little pastry to eat, around 9 p.m. Qianlong must go to bed to rest, before resting, Qianlong will usually drink a few glasses of turtle age wine and other health wine to relax the bones.
Judging from qianlong's life diet and rest rules, he is a very self-disciplined person and pays attention to maintaining himself, so self-discipline can greatly enable Qianlong to develop a healthy life routine, which is also the reason for his longevity.
Qianlong attaches great importance to health maintenance
In addition to self-discipline, Qianlong also attaches great importance to health maintenance, he often exercises, but also attaches great importance to the health habits in his daily life.
Qianlong sleeps very much likes to sleep in hard beds, and Qianlong must use corduroy as a mattress, cordyceps is a kind of medicinal herbs that are beneficial to the body and mind, and have the effect of lowering the heart and ventilating blood.
According to Chinese medicine, if the heart fire falls, the lung qi goes down, and the qi is smooth, so Qianlong often sleeps on the corduroy mattress, which will naturally have a protective effect on the heart and lungs, and can also make the blood veins of the whole body more smooth.
In addition, Qianlong also often takes ginseng, according to the records of Qianlong in the middle and late period he has to consume 359 wild ginseng every year, it can be said that Qianlong almost every day must eat wild ginseng, this method of supplementation, coupled with the cordgrass mattress, Qianlong will not lose qi and blood at all, according to Chinese medicine, the better the body, so Qianlong can live a long life.
Qianlong paid great attention to the combination of work and leisure and maintained a good attitude
Qianlong is also a person who attaches great importance to the combination of work and leisure and maintains a good attitude. Qianlong is completely different from his father Yongzheng, Yongzheng is a workaholic, in order to work can sacrifice personal leisure time, Yongzheng reigned for thirteen years almost did not go out of the capital, the farthest is to go to the Yuanmingyuan.
Qianlong is more like his grandfather Kangxi pay attention to the combination of work and leisure, Kangxi often goes out to tour, such as Saiwai, Jiangnan, summer resorts these places Kangxi have played all over, Qianlong is also following the example of grandfather Kangxi, playing these places all over.
Qianlong will go out to play almost every once in a while, so there are six things in Jiangnan, and the summer resort is a must-go place every summer after Qianlong succeeds to the throne, Qianlong is very fond of Chengde Mountain Resort, mainly here you can ride and hunt to relax your mood.
Moreover, even if Qianlong reads and plays in the imperial palace on weekdays to deal with government affairs, he is not like his father Yongzheng, who works for a day, until he rests, and Qianlong will get up to exercise after a while, which shows that Qianlong pays attention to the combination of work and leisure even if he works in peacetime.
The most important point of people's longevity is that the mentality is peaceful and relaxed, physical and mental pleasure can live a long life, Qianlong in addition to the relaxation of the body, he is also very fast to adjust his mentality.
Qianlong thirteen years (1748) Qianlong's beloved Empress Fucha died young, the death of his wife was probably the most sad and sad blow to Qianlong in this life, this year not only Empress Fucha died, Qianlong sent troops to quell the rebellion of Jinchuan without results, labor and wealth, this year made Qianlong very uncomfortable, his mentality was almost unbalanced.
It was also after the death of Empress Fucha that Qianlong began to become irritable, reprimanding the ministers at every turn, and the Rebbe was sentenced to Qianlong for not understanding a few sentences in the tribute written to Empress Fucha, which did not conform to Qianlong's wishes, and Qianlong was furious and punished all the officials of the Rebbe, and the Rebbe Shangshu Akton was even sentenced by Qianlong to a crime of beheading and waiting.
Qianlong's eldest son Yong Huang and third son Yong Zhang, because they were not sad enough at Empress Fucha's funeral, were beaten and scolded by Qianlong for half a day, and Qianlong also clearly told the two to deprive them of their imperial succession qualifications.
After the death of Empress Fucha, Qianlong's manic performance can be seen that his mentality was very unbalanced for a while, and Qianlong later quickly realized his own problems, so he quickly made a mental adjustment, so after quelling the Jinchuan Rebellion, Qianlong in order to better adjust his mentality, in the sixteenth year of Qianlong (1751), he ordered a southern tour and began the journey of six lower Jiangnan.
Therefore, touring Jiangnan, playing in the mountains, and writing poems are all a means used by Qianlong to adjust his mentality, so Qianlong wrote more than 40,000 poems in his lifetime, and also played in Jiangnan six times, and posterity looks like the quality of Qianlong's poems is not high, and the six lower Jiangnan are also laborers and hurt money, but thinking about these are all a means for Qianlong to adjust his mentality, the quality of the poems is not high or not, it does not matter, as long as Qianlong was happy in his heart at that time, it did not matter if the six jiangnan were a bit laborious and hurt the wealth, after all, in exchange for Qianlong's longevity.
Qianlong paid attention to the combination of work and leisure plus mentality to maintain a good attitude, so he in the 80th birthday, the British envoy Ma Garni came to pay tribute, and later according to Ma Garni's diary recalled: The Chinese emperor was agile, elegant, often smiling, there was no sign of aging on his face, although he was 80 years old, he looked more like a person no more than 60 years old.
From Ma Jiaerni's diary recollection, it can be seen that Qianlong is quite well maintained, which is inseparable from his good attitude and emphasis on the combination of work and leisure.
Write at the end
Therefore, Qianlong can become the longest-lived emperor in history because he has excellent longevity genetic genes; he took over the Qing Dynasty when the country was rich and strong, there was not much pressure at work, and he did not need to worry too much; coupled with his extreme self-discipline, he developed a very good life and rest law; he also paid great attention to health care and paid attention to the combination of work and leisure, and maintained a good attitude.
Qianlong can also be said to be the most blessed emperor in history, taking over the prosperous country, there is not so much work pressure, the national treasury has a surplus, can also provide him with sightseeing in the mountains, and there are long-lived genetic genes, plus his own so good maintenance, it can be said that he has enjoyed the blessings of life, the winner of a perfect life.