Successive dynasties have had moments of dynastic change, among which the Han Dynasty, song dynasty and Tang Dynasty have had a profound impact on history, and although all three dynasties have gone from their peak to their demise, there are subtle changes in them.
The formation of the Eastern Han and Western Han Dynasties
The Division of the Han Dynasty is directly related to Wang Mang, as we all know, the Han Dynasty is divided into the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty, as early as the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, the Great Qin had just come to an end, and Xiang Yu Liu Bang in order to compete for the world, successively let the Chu-Han War go through ten years, until 202 BC, with Xiang Yu's Wujiang self-destruction and ended.
Subsequently, Liu Bang established himself as emperor, and the Han Dynasty was established from this, which was the "Western Han" in the post-population.
Successive dynasties have their own development routes, but the establishment of the Han Dynasty is elusive. In the early days of its establishment, it mainly followed the Taoist idea of ruling by doing nothing, while in the middle period, Confucianism was so popular that eventually Emperor Xuan of Han reiterated that there were no certain rules for the Han Dynasty.
It has to be said that the overall route of the Han Dynasty is relatively novel, especially in the early days, because of the strong strength that laid the foundation for the future, but it gradually declined when it was the Han Yuan Emperor, and the iconic figure at this time was Wang Mang, who also ended the western Han dynasty.
Wang Mang is more controversial in history, and many historians believe that he did not have a royal bloodline, but was only a foreign relative of the late Western Han Dynasty, which belonged to the "giant traitor" who usurped the throne in ancient times. However, many people feel that he has changed his direction and is also known as "the first social reformer in Chinese history". He implemented three major policies on land: state ownership, equal production, and abolition of slavery, although it seemed inexplicable at the time, but it was an inevitable trend for the times.
The dynasty was most afraid of the emperor's incompetence, which would trigger social unrest, and in the end only the people would be hurt, so they hoped that someone could change the status quo, at this time Wang Mang's appearance solved the urgent need and ended the western Han rule.
When Wang Mang established the new dynasty, in order to realize the "ideal" in his heart, he did not hesitate to act perversely, and even made the whole country a miasma, and eventually the people were unhappy and resentful. It was also at this time that the people sought change and remembered the good of the Han Dynasty.
Liu Xiu was the ninth grandson of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, and a descendant of Liu Fa, the son of Emperor Jing of Han, who was the Prince of Changsha, which was especially important for people who valued blood, and Wang Mang had usurped the throne at that time, so he had high hopes for Liu Xiu.
In the end, after Liu Xiu established the Eastern Han Dynasty, he threatened to say that this was a new dynasty, mainly related to his origin, although he was a descendant of Liu Bang, but it was not related to the last emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, and on the way to establish the national political system, the Eastern Han Dynasty was picked up by powerful people, which was different from the Western Han Dynasty.
At that time, Liu Xiu's rise was the same as that of the Western Han Dynasty, he was filled with the shadows of the Nanyang Hao clan and the Hebei Hao clan, and the two dynasties used "Han" as the national name at the same time, and in the end they were all descendants of Han Gaozu, so it was sooner or later to divide the Eastern Han and Western Han.
Division of the Southern Song Dynasty and northern Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty had the Jing Kang Revolution, which was the main reason for the division of the Southern Song Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty. Emperor Gaozong of Song was the founder of the Southern Song Dynasty and the son of Emperor Huizong of Song, but according to the circumstances at that time, Emperor Huizong of Song did not regard him as his heir, and after Emperor Qinzong of Song was captured, Zhao Zhao fled to Lin'an to establish the Southern Song Dynasty.
The reason why the Southern Song Dynasty is a continuation of the Northern Song Dynasty is mainly because Zhao Shuo was the son of Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, starting from the change of Jing Kang and the legal system of feudal society, these two eras were not complementary to each other, but completely independent. The demise of the Northern Song Dynasty had a lot to do with the decision of Emperor Huizong of song.
Under his rule, the Song Dynasty advocated literature and ignored martial arts, and its development was in danger, and after Emperor Huizong of Song tore up the "Alliance of The Yuanyuan", it eventually caused disaster, and in the face of irreparable decline, the two Northern Song emperors were captured in the Jing Kang Rebellion, and the regime was declared dead.
Wu Zetian changed the name of the emperor to the state and was never interrupted
In historical records, Wu Zetian was the only empress in history to ascend the throne, and her appointment also played an absolute role in the development of the Tang Dynasty. In 690, she ascended the throne as emperor, changed the name of the country to "Zhou", and established the short-lived Wuzhou Dynasty.
When Wu Zetian ruled the world, he followed the old system of the Tang Dynasty, and the people lived and worked peacefully and in peace and contentment, laying the foundation for the prosperity of Kaiyuan. After Wu Zetian established wuzhou, the Tang dynasty was never interrupted, for three reasons.
First of all, after the founding of Wu Zetian, Zhang Kamzhi launched a mutiny, Wu Zhou stepped off the stage of history, and the Wu Zhou Dynasty, which lasted for 15 years, from a macroscopic point of view, it was not completely separated from the Tang Dynasty, but was recorded in history as a part.
Secondly, after her abdication, she passed the throne to Li Tang's descendants, not her own descendants, and also had a will to omit her imperial title, calling herself: Zetian Dasheng Empress, and buried with Tang Gaozong.
In a sense, the Tang Dynasty was not interrupted, and the brief rise of the Wuzhou Dynasty was more dreamy, and she also erased her claim to the throne after her death.
In the end, people regarded Wu Zetian's title as emperor as a peaceful evolution, after all, she had already interfered in the government affairs during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, so that the real ruler of the Tang Dynasty at that time was her, and the final title of emperor was only an official declaration.
After the establishment of Wu Zhou, Wu Zetian only changed the name of the country, and did not change the state system and others, so what seemed to be a new dynasty still practiced the county system, and the overall inheritance of the Tang Dynasty did not appear to be broken, and it has always been a prosperous state.
Unlike the Han Dynasty and song dynasty, Wu Zhou did not move the capital, and even though the name of the country was changed, the capital was still Luoyang. In Emperor Gaozong's last will, he said: Those who are indecisive in major matters of the military state will also be punished by the Queen of Heaven, which shows his support for Wu Zetian's rule.
Strictly speaking, Wuzhou can only be regarded as a continuation of the Tang Dynasty, not an independent new dynasty. At that time, Wu Zetian was called emperor, and there may be a change of dynasty, which made people uneasy, but from the perspective of the system at that time, she was also a member of the Li family, and she was the female emperor of the Li Tang imperial family who guarded Jiangshan.
It can be seen that Wu Zhou did not divide the Li Tang Dynasty into former Tang and Later Tang.
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