Less poetry fun, why not drink

The exact location of the Tomb of emperor Wen of Han was finally confirmed, which has become a hot topic of culture for some time. The reason why this incident has attracted widespread attention is mainly because Emperor Wen of Han once opened the prosperous era of "the rule of Wenjing" in history. After Emperor Wen of Han, Emperor Jingdi of Han continued to exert great efforts to govern, so that this prosperous picture could be continued and enjoyed by future generations. So, what kind of governance strategy did the Han Jing Emperor adopt to achieve such historical achievements?

Judging from the records of the "Records of History" and the "Book of Han", the Han Jing Emperor inherited the policies since Emperor Wen and even Han Gaozu in some aspects, such as continuing to implement the practice of restoring agriculture and making peace with the Xiongnu, which effectively maintained the continuity of the policy; some were adjusted according to the time and place, showing strong flexibility. It is worth noting that he did not like literature and was relatively distant from literati. For example, the famous Sima Xiangru only served as a minor official in the Jing Emperor Dynasty, so that this master of resignation often had the sigh of not meeting Zhiyin. Chao Que was prominent and famous for his articles, but for Emperor Jing, Chao Que was an excellent courtier, not a literati who only liked to carve chapters and sentences.

As a wise monarch, Emperor Jing of Han handled political affairs and had his own clever way of choosing, for some effective policies of the previous dynasty, Xiao Zhicao could save his mind and effort, why not enjoy it? Therefore, we see that in order to stabilize the border, the Han Jing Emperor continued to implement a policy of peace and pro-peace. Like Emperor Wen, in order to promote agricultural production, he encouraged nongsang and went down to the fields to cultivate and set an example himself; in years of famine, he also issued an edict to reduce taxes. The Book of Han records that in the second year of the Later Yuan Dynasty, the Han Jing Emperor issued an edict specifically mentioning, "Cultivate relatives, and then kiss Sang, with the Fengzong Temple' sacrifice clothes, for the world first; not to be sacrificed, to reduce the officials, to save the province, to want to work in the world of silkworms, known as livestock accumulation, in preparation for disasters." The implementation of these policies has indeed effectively mobilized and protected the enthusiasm of farmers to engage in production, and has also enabled the rapid improvement of national strength."

For another example, he continued to retain the policy that merchants could not become officials, and maintained a high degree of vigilance against merchants entering politics. In an edict in the second year of the later yuan, The Han Jing Emperor once mentioned, "There are no eunuchs in the city, no eunuchs, and no eunuchs," which means that according to the regulations, although those merchants have money, they cannot be officials, and some honest people do not have enough money and cannot be officials, and as emperors, they also feel very sorry for this situation. Therefore, Emperor Jing of Han ordered that "the four eunuchs should be counted, and the death would make the honest people derelict in their duties for a long time, and the greedy husbands and long profits", that is, those who had property of forty thousand yuan could become officials, so as not to let those incorruptible people because of insufficient money and no way to enter the body, but let those greedy people be able to live in the official position for a long time and profit. Prior to this, the stipulation that "if you count more than ten, you will be a eunuch", that is, you can only become an official with 100,000 yuan, and in the view of Emperor Jingdi of Han, such a provision undoubtedly added an obstacle to serving the imperial court for those who were talented and incorruptible, so he issued an edict lowering the threshold of "money".

Of course, although the threshold for "money" has been lowered, the standard of identity verification remains unchanged. If the identity is a businessman, no matter how much money there is, there is still no opportunity to become an official, that is, the former quotation "there is no eunuch with a city nationality." Farmers, industrialists and merchants, the last place in the business. In the Han Dynasty, those merchants who were engaged in the trading of commodities were required to establish a separate household registration, known as "city nationality", and for these people, being an official was a "forbidden area". The shangjia mentioned here mainly refers to the kind of rich merchants who have strong financial resources, the ability to engage in politics and have a certain social influence. Because, in the eyes of the imperial court, these economically powerful businessmen, once they have other ideas, are likely to convert their wealth into political power, thus forming a political force that is not controlled by the imperial court or even against the imperial court. Some businessmen may also disrupt the normal order of official selection through bribery and other means. It was precisely for this reason that the Western Han Dynasty drew a "forbidden area" for Shangjia that could not be an official.

In this regard, the Western Han regime has a real pain. According to the "Records of History", in the early Han Dynasty, due to long-term wars, hundreds of industries withered, and lack of property, "since the Son of Heaven can not have a jun, but the general or riding an ox cart, qi people have no hidden cover", even the emperor could not find four horses of the same color as the coat, which showed the embarrassment of property. However, under such a situation, some businessmen have drilled into the "eyes of money" and engaged in speculative and perverse things, disrupting the market and accumulating wealth. Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, saw that after the situation was basically stable, he specially ordered that "the Jia people should not wear silk and ride in the car, and heavy taxes should be used to humiliate them", stipulating that merchants could not wear good cloth, could not ride in good cars, and also increased taxes on merchants to crack down on weakening their strength. When Gao Zuyan drove to Emperor Hui of Han and Lü Hou, he "restored the law of Shang Jia" and relaxed the prohibition on Shang Jia, but the stipulation that Shang Jia and his descendants could not be officials was still clearly enforced.

However, in the actual operation of society, merchants still gradually gained the opportunity to become officials and gain political power through various channels, including taking advantage of the opportunity to be knighted by the imperial court. By the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, although he still pursued the policy of suppressing business, he also selected some merchants as officials, and as a result, some merchants, such as Sang Hongyang, also became prominent figures in the political arena, and the limelight was unparalleled for a while. At this time, the act of suppressing business has actually died in name only.

The Han Jing Emperor was able to achieve the prosperity of the "rule of Wenjing", and there were places where the policies of the previous dynasty were followed, of course, it was not only dependent on the "development inertia" of the previous dynasty, but there were many innovations and creations. For example, he ordered free movement of people and encouraged people to move from barren land to places suitable for agricultural production and to reclaim more fertile land. In the spring of the first year of the previous year, he issued an edict saying that because of the bad years, the poor harvest of crops, the lack of grain among the common people, and even the situation of starving people to death, he also deplored that the reality was that some counties and countries had poor land and could not grow peasant mulberries and raise livestock, and some counties had broad and fertile land, and the water conservancy conditions were also very superior, but they could not be relocated and developed, so it was clear that "those who want to move to the land will listen to it." According to historical records, the measures to encourage immigrants have greatly increased the enthusiasm of peasants in reclaiming land and planting agricultural mulberries, and the situation of agricultural production has been greatly improved.

Moreover, the administration of the Han Jing Emperor was by no means rigid, and it changed flexibly according to the needs of reality. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, he issued an edict ordering that "no passing is required except for the pass", that is, the inspection system of the checkpoints should be abolished. When ordinary people pass the customs, they must hold the "transmission" that is, the relevant documents, in order to successfully pass the checkpoint. Emperor Wen of Han simply repealed this provision. By the fourth year of the han jing emperor's reign, "resetting the passes with the use of transmission in and out", that is, the provision that the entry and exit of the passes must be re-restored. The reason for the restoration of this policy is that the lesson of the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms" has been learned, and the second is that taxes and fees have been collected, and of course, the revenue of the national treasury has been greatly increased.

Compared with Emperor Wen's frugality, Emperor Jing actually gradually went to luxury. For example, the "Records of History" said that Emperor Jing "used the court to be widely used, and the palace column guanyu ma Yi increased the repair", and constantly increased the palace court, which obviously gradually left the way of frugality.

When the year was not good, Emperor Jing also issued an edict prohibiting the sale of alcohol in order to save grain. However, when the state was happy and happy, he also ordered that "for five days, the people should drink wine", the prohibition of alcohol should be lifted, everyone could enjoy gathering and drinking for five days, and the people could also freely buy and sell alcohol. It is conceivable that in the face of the excellent situation of Heqing Haiyan, Shi He, and Nianfeng, how could Emperor Jing refuse to celebrate and drink happily. Compared with Emperor Wen, Emperor Jing's move also showed a different kind of boldness.

It is a bit regrettable that the Han Jing Emperor was "not good at words", so those imaginary lively scenes of the monarch singing and singing were just like this and the Jing Emperor passed by. Sima Xiangru had served emperor Jing of Han, but only served as a warrior attendant, and this position was also "not good for Sima Xiangru", and the depression in the Jing Emperor Dynasty could be imagined. Fortunately, Emperor Wu of Han once lamented that "you must not be at the same time with this person", and once admired Sima Xiangru very much after he entered the dynasty, Sima Xiangru felt the grace of this knowledge, and wrote a "Shanglin Fu" with foreign sprinkles, doing his best to do extravagant things, leaving a good story of the kings and subjects knowing each other for thousands of years. The chao error article is well written, and Mr. Lu Xun once commented that the article of chao error was "The Western Han Hongwen, which is a descendant of the Flood, and its ze is far away", but the "literary edge" between Chao Andi and the Han Jing Emperor is nothing more than the policy of Chao Que constantly submitting the lobbying of Emperor Jing to cut the domain, and emperor Jing, because he listened to these remarks to cut the domain, triggered the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms", and Chao Wrong was finally given death by Emperor Jing.

In this way, although there is less poetry around Emperor Jing, it is good that there is wine, and it does not affect the mood of drinking, after all, it is an unprecedented prosperity in front of him. (Reporting by Yu Guopeng, client reporter of Dazhong Daily)