Perfect talent, unique personality - reform of the famous minister Wang Anshi. No matter how you look at it, Wang Anshi is one of the most talented figures in Chinese history. If you only talk about talent, he is simply a perfect character.
First of all, Wang Anshi is a politician, and he belongs to the reformers among politicians. He and Song Shenzong once established a close and seamless relationship, just like Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms period. He adhered to the spirit of the three deficiencies, namely, the insufficient fear of the Mandate of Heaven, the lack of compassion for the words of the people, and the insufficient words of the ancestors. Radical reform has the courage of a reformer.
He was also a military strategist and a strategist with a brilliant vision. Historian Mr. Deng Guangming pointed out that in the Northern Song Dynasty, which suffered from Liaoophobia, Wang Anshi was the only major politician with the strategic idea of recovering Yanyun and unifying China; At the same time, he had excellent performance in the war against the Khitan at the Battle of Hehuang.
Wang Anshi is also an economist, and he was the first person in the world to propose the theory of financial capital management. The Green Shoots Law he advocated changed the past private lending method, and its substantive role was similar to that of today's Agricultural Bank. But his economic thinking was too advanced for big figures like Sima Guang, Su Shi, and Cheng Hao to understand.
Wang Anshi is also an educator, in order to change the law to create talents, Wang Anshi carried out educational reform. In order to cultivate talents who can govern the country, the three-round method was created, and school education was used to improve the examination of the imperial examination. He abolished the rote Ming Scriptures, and did not examine poetry, but only the meaning of the scriptures. Although its educational measures were soon abolished, its educational ideas have been used for a long time and have far-reaching effects.
Wang Anshi was a scribe, and he personally presided over the compilation of the three new meanings of "Poems", "Books" and "Zhou Li" in the 8th year of Yu Xining (1075), of which "Zhou Liyi" was all written by Wang Anshi. He believes that a "Zhou Li" is half of the money managers, which also reflects his ideological tendency to emphasize learning useful things. Since then, the "Three Classics and New Righteousness" has been printed by the GuoziJian, and the Taixue and Zhuzhou Fuxue have been issued as unified teaching materials, and the imperial examination has also been used as a standard for the examination.
Wang Anshi was also a philosopher and thinker, and the Song people liked to talk about the study of the mind the most. But the first one to talk very deeply is Wang Anshi, who is earlier than Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, so in fact, Wang Anshi is a figure who opened up the Song Dynasty. Zhu Xi was the most important thinker of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Wang Anshi was the most important thinker of the Northern Song Dynasty, and his contribution to Song studies exceeded that of other scholars of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Wang Anshi was also an essayist, ranked among the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties. In his early years, Ouyang Xiu admired him very much, and wrote poems to give him, saying, "Three thousand poems of Hanlin Wind and Moon, and two hundred years of official articles." Some people think that this is a satire on Wang Anshi, saying that the official department is an office writer, what good article can there be? In fact, the officials here, Ouyang Xiu originally meant to guide the imperial officials Shangshu Xie Shuo, Wang Anshi thought it referred to the Tang Dynasty article everyone official Waiter Han Yu. In any case, he was very much in favor of his article, but Wang Anshi did not buy it, and also gave a sentence: "If he can spy on Mencius in the future, he will dare to hope for Han Gong for life." It turned out that he was dismissive of Han Yu and wanted to become a sage like Mencius.
Wang Anshi is also a poet, Jing Gong is a wonderful sentence in the world, in the Song Dynasty poetry circle there is a "Wang Jing Gong Body" said. His famous work "Ming Fei Qu" and the famous sentence "Spring breeze and the south bank of the Green River, when will the bright moon shine on me" have been passed down through the ages.
Wang Anshi is also a lyricist, and his lyrics are not many, but one shot is a masterpiece. Like his "Guizhixiang Jinling Huaigu", the style is high and steep, and the meaning is far-reaching. At that time, there were more than 30 people doing this topic, and only Wang Anshi's song became a masterpiece.
But such a talented person was very unpopular at the time, why is this?
Of course, there are many reasons, such as differences in political opinions, differences in ideas, and personal grievances. But one thing is very important, that is, Wang Anshi's personality. Wang Anshi was too personal, so many people couldn't stand him at that time. The most famous figures of the time, such as Sima Guang, Fu Bi, Han Qi, Wen Yanbo, Su Shi, Cheng Hao, and Cheng Yi, did not like him.
Having a personality is not necessarily a bad thing, but some personalities are not good, such as not paying attention to hygiene.
Wang Anshi is notoriously unhygienic, he rarely takes a bath a year, and his clothes are dirty and he does not wash them. When he was a judge in the QunMu Division, he had a good relationship with Han Wei and Wu Chong. Han and Wu couldn't really look at his dirtiness, and they went to The Dingli Temple every two months to take a bath. The new clothes were provided by Han and Wu and others in turn, and at that time it was known as "dismantling and washing Wang Anshi". Wang Anshi finally took a bath, but he didn't care about the hospitality of these people. When you see new clothes, you put them on and never ask where the new clothes came from.
He also has a poem called "Baking Lice", which is a masterpiece in the history of Chinese poetry. Talking about how to get rid of the piles of lice on the body, those who are interested can read the following sentences:
At this time, the lice of shi shi were willing to choose meat for the tiger and the wolf to starve.
From time to time, he killed himself to his guests, and only a few were divided by ten hundred.
Failed to take Tang Mu out, and attacked with fire to make less frustrated.
The blazing charcoal of the stove is no longer time, and the stove is not sincere.
Drifting like a moth to the lamp, the disturbing end is like an ant spinning.
The hatred of the remnants of the people has not been removed, and it is better to lie down for a long time?
Su Xun has a very famous article called "The Theory of Discernment of Adultery", which says: "The husband does not forget to wash his face, and his clothes do not forget to wash, and this person's love is also." Not today, the clothes of the courtiers, the food of the dogs, the loss of the prisoner's face and the talk of poetry, is this also true?" Although there is no name, the clear-eyed people know at a glance that they are talking about Wang Anshi.
Some of Wang Anshi's behavior is really incomprehensible, when Song Renzong was in power, the emperor asked his courtiers to fish. Wang Anshi sat there absent-mindedly, and even ate all the bait on the plate. Song Renzong didn't like him very much, and he said that this man must be a hypocrite. A person who eats bait by mistake once is enough, and eats all the bait on a plate, which can only mean that he is putting on a show.
In fact, this is not necessarily Wang Anshi's show. After Wang Anshi became prime minister, his wife heard someone say that Wang Anshi liked to eat the breast meat of a roe deer. Feeling very strange, she said: "Adults are not picky eaters, how can they just have this hobby?" She asked the next person where the roe deer meat was placed on the table, and the next person said that it was close to the adult's chopsticks. Madame understood as soon as she heard it, and she said, "Tomorrow you will put other dishes in this position and see." As a result, the 2nd heaven king Anshi ate all the dishes placed in this position, and the roe deer did not move a single chopstick. It turned out that Wang Anshi did not pay much attention to eating at all, he only ate the latest things of chopsticks. And all that was on his mind was something else. It's no surprise that you ran out of bait.
Wang Anshi's paranoia made him unable to tolerate others, and it was necessary to know that the prime minister had to be able to hold a boat in his belly, and it was impossible for Wang Anshi to hold a bucket in his stomach. Yan Shu appreciated him very much, and pushed his heart to say to him: "We are all fellow villagers in Jiangxi, and we have given you eight words: 'Things can be tolerated, and things are also tolerant.'" Wang Anshi returned to the guest house, quite dismissively, and said, "Yan Shu is a minister, and he actually said such an unproductive word." Since then, he has always looked down on Yan Shu and ridiculed him: "Can you fill in small words for the sake of the prime minister, can you cure the country?"
In the first month of the 2nd year of Xi Ning (1069), he became a popular suffragan and was promoted to chancellor the following year to preside over the change of law. Those who followed us and those who rebelled against us perished, and he drove the older generation of Fu Bi and Ouyang Xiu, who had promoted him, as well as his colleagues Sima Guang and Su Shi out of the capital. Most of the people who were then used were villains with sinister intentions, and he himself was later driven home by these villains.
People who have been too talented since ancient times always have unique personalities, and once they become figures in the political arena, these personalities often become fatal wounds, which is the tragedy of Wang Anshi.