King Zhao de Chu and Shi Bi, King Qin Zhao wanted, please yi fifteen cities. The King of Zhao wanted to do nothing, and feared Qin Qiang; if he wanted to do so, he was afraid of being deceived. Asking Lin Xiangru, he said, "Qin asked for bi in the city and did not allow it, and the song was in my place." I am with it and Qin is not with my city, then the song is in Qin. The second strategy of the average is to prefer to negative Qin. The subject is willing to go to the bi; so that QinCheng will not enter, and the subject will return after the bi! "King Zhao sent him." Just like Qin, the King of Qin had no intention of paying Zhao Cheng. It is as if he deceived the king of Qin, regained the Bi, and sent the followers to cherish it. The intervening trip returned to Zhao, and he stood by Qin. The King of Qin thought that he was wise and cursed, and returned with courtesy. King Zhao regarded Xiangru as the upper doctor. - "Zizhi Tongjian Zhou JiSI"
Lin xiang is like a still
The return of Bi bi to Zhao is a well-known story Chinese women and children, and both mainstream history books and traditional textbooks will fully interpret Lin Xiangru's wisdom and courage. In fact, Lin Xiangru and King Zhaoxiang of Qin had fought more than once. Four years later, in 279 BC, Lin Xiangru had a more intense confrontation with King Zhaoxiang of Qin, the Meeting of Shichi. Although the meeting ended with the compromise of King Zhaoxiang of Qin and the complete victory of the Zhao State, in fact, the Zhao State really won the face and lost the Lizi. Because in the same year, the State of Qin launched a very famous war against the State of Chu- the Battle of Yanyin. This can also explain why the King of Qin compromised with the Zhao State twice in a row, that is, the Qin State needed to stabilize the Zhao State and concentrate its forces on attacking the Chu State.
The state of Qin was on the road map to the east
At the beginning of the succession of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, the state of Qin already controlled all of Guanzhong and the land of Bashu, and the east directly bordered the four kingdoms of Zhao, Wei, Han and Chu. If they wanted to enter the Central Plains in the east, the Qin people had to follow three main roads: attacking Zhao in the north, Attacking Han Wei in the middle, and attacking Chu in the south. If the northern road was taken, then the Yellow River and the rugged northern Jin mountains were undoubtedly natural enemies of the Qin state; moreover, Han Wei was still strong at that time, and the Qin people were worried that the back road would be copied. In this way, the middle road and the south road became the breakthrough targets of the Qin people. In 293 BC, after breaking up the alliance between Han and Wei and the State of Chu, the State of Qin decisively launched the Battle of Yique. In this battle, the "human slaughter" Bai Qi killed 240,000 Han and Wei troops in the first battle, resulting in the loss of elites of the two countries in the first battle. Forced by the Qin people's military might, the State of Wei ceded 400 miles of land to Hedong and South Korea ceded 200 miles of the land of Wusui. In addition, the Qin also took the land of Wandeng. Undoubtedly, the land of Wandeng became a base for the Qin people to attack Chu from the south. However, the Qin state still had to wait for the opportunity to attack Chu. Just at this time, the battle of "Le Yi destroyed Qi" broke out in the east, and the six major warring states were all mixed into it. As a result, the battle of the Qin state to attack Chu was put on the agenda.
Happy to be destroyed
If the State of Chu is attacked, then the State of Qin still needs to solve a problem: how to stabilize the State of Zhao? In fact, as early as after the Battle of Yique, the State of Qin launched a tentative attack on the State of Zhao. For example, in 282 BC, Bai Qi up to pull up the two cities of Zhao; the following year, he pulled up the stone city; and in the following year, Bai Qi attacked the Zhao state daiyi from the clouds with a light and sharp army, killed 20,000 Zhao troops, and captured the City of Light Wolf. After several trials, the Qin people felt that the combat effectiveness of the Zhao army after the reform of Hufu riding and shooting far exceeded that of Han Wei, and if the Qin people's air country expeditioned to the vast chu state, this battle could not be ended in a short period of time, and it was difficult to ensure that the Zhao state would not perform tactics similar to zhao Wuling's detour attack on Guanzhong through the clouds and jiuyuan.
(Note: The capital of the Chu kingdom is located in the Jianghan Plain, and its northern, western, and southern sides are covered by mountains and rivers.) Therefore, if the Chu state is completely crushed, it must attack from three sides. That is, the north road out of Wuguan, through Wandeng south to attack the back of Yingdu; the west road from Bashu down the Yangtze River out of Wuxia; the south road also from Bashu, through the Yuanjiang River Valley north)
The core of the Chu State is the Jianghan Plain
After the meeting of Shichi, King Zhaoxiang of Qin temporarily confused the Zhao state with a compromise plan. In 280 BC, the Qin general Sima Mistakenly sent troops from Longxi to attack the Chu Yangtze River Defense Line and the Qianzhong Commandery Defense Line from Bashu, respectively, completing the march of the Middle Road and the South Road; in 279 BC, the Qin general Bai Qi went south from the north and defeated the Chu army one after another. In 278 BC, Bai Qi attacked the Chu capital Yingcheng, and King Xiang of Chu was forced to leave the land of Longxing, which his ancestors had been operating for hundreds of years, and move east to Chen Di (present-day Huaiyang), and Bai Qi was also awarded the title of Wu'an Jun by virtue of this battle. The Battle of Yingdu had far-reaching effects. After this war, the State of Qin basically completed the layout of the Six Kingdoms from the South Road and the Middle Road to the east. After that, the Qin gradually concentrated their main forces on the North Road, focusing on attacking the Zhao state. Eighteen years later, after a series of medium and large tentative attacks similar to the Battle of Fuhe, the Qin finally launched the Battle of Changping, which determined the direction of the world.
References: "History", "Zizhi Tongjian"