Author | Fan Deng Reading · Ask the heart and smile
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Six brothers
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Dear book lovers, good evening
Welcome to Fan Deng's reading character column - "Stars".
Reading the Stars Shine · Experience extraordinary life.
One issue per day, welcome your continuous attention~
The protagonist who appears today is an outstanding king and a great politician;
He made the Qing Dynasty richer and loved by the people, but he also practiced the prison of writing, which made many literati feel frightened and innocent.
Some people praised him as an emperor throughout the ages, and some people denounced his violence and bloodshed.
Let's walk into the "first-class monarch" together - the legendary life of Kangxi
The late Warring States thinker Xun Zi has a cloud in the Xunzi Persuasion:
"Strong self-propelled column, soft self-picking beam."
Things that are too hard are easy to break, and things that are too soft are easy to bind themselves.
Just like being a person in the world, if you are too strong, you will always encounter too much pressure and withstand blows; if you are too weak, you will encounter many obstacles and cannot move forward.
Only when you have both soft and hard, rigid and soft, can you balance each other in this world with your legs in parallel.
Kangxi is such a person, who is soft in life, hard in the means of encountering things, soft and hard, and creates an amazing and different life for himself.
A person with a kind heart and able to put down his body in case of trouble is full of energy in his heart, the so-called "heart has a tiger, smell the roses."
Just like Kangxi.
The monarch who created the prosperous world, although he stood in the position of the supreme ruler, still knew how to bend down, care for the people around him, and express his tenderness.
His grandmother Xiaozhuang, who had helped him a lot, was seriously ill, and he would personally taste the soup medicine, accompany him, and be willing to reduce his life in exchange for Xiaozhuang's life;
When his adoptive mother, Empress Xiaohuizhang, celebrates her birthday, he will ignore the eyes of others, entertain his relatives in colorful clothes, and go on stage to perform the "python dance";
For the nursing mother Sun Family, he also remembered his kindness, and in order to repay the "merits of conservation", he not only named the Sun Family as "Lady Yipin", but also favored the Cao Family of the Sun Family.
The ups and downs of the court did not erase Kangxi's desire for home and the benevolence in his heart, and he was willing to give up his identity as emperor and love with his heart.
The same is true for friends.
Cao Yin, who had been a companion and imperial bodyguard, grew up with Kangxi.
Because of his unique trust and affection, Cao Yin was arranged in an important post, and whenever the two exchanged letters, Kangxi would also draw a small red flower with a Zhu pen in his reply.
Such feelings are really more than Wei Xiaobao in "Deer Ding".
Such a Kangxi is also difficult to associate with words such as coldness and violence.
In "Zhou Yi", it is said:
"The terrain is kun, and the gentleman carries things with thick virtue."
A virtuous man will be like a soft terrain who can accept all things.
This is a state of energy and self-confidence, and with the ability to accept, Kangxi practiced this charm:
Not afraid of other people's words, not afraid of other people's eyes, not attached to their own body and face, only do what they want to do and should do.
Therefore, he did not choose to be the supreme being in the hearts of the people, and he would go to Jiangnan six times to understand the real needs of the people.
At that time, the flooding of the Yellow River was extremely serious, and Kangxi personally went to the construction site to inspect the degree of water conservancy treatment for the first southern tour.
The third time he went south, when he encountered a local fire, he not only let his hands go down to extinguish the fire, but also compensated for the losses of the people.
Because of the differences in Han and Qing cultures, Kangxi often went to worship Confucius on his way to Jiangnan;
Because he admired Zhu Yuanzhang's decisions on national reunification, Kangxi would go to Zhu Yuanzhang's tomb to pay respects whenever he crossed Jiangning.
He also summoned laborers and farmers, listened to the real people's sufferings, and made corresponding countermeasures; he befriended Han scholars and doctors in Jiangnan and increased the number of examination places for them.
Compared with the results of the suppression during the Shunzhi period, this series of actions of Kangxi won the hearts of the people and brought development to all walks of life in society.
The hermit Huang Shigong of the Qin and Han dynasties said:
"Soft energy can overcome rigidity, weak energy can win strong."
The really powerful softness, although it will bend down, will not be despised.
This kind of softness emanating from the inside out is the overflow of inner energy, the authenticity that is not limited by the face, and the posture of the sea.
Kangxi was not a lucky man, because his mother was not favored by Shunzhi, and his birth did not get extra expectations.
At the time of the prevalence of smallpox, when Kangxi was two or three years old, he was taken out of the palace and stayed away from his parents to "avoid pox".
Later, with the "sequelae" of smallpox, Mazi, Kangxi returned to the palace with difficulty, did not enjoy the warmth of family affection, and lost his father and mother.
"Emperor Shizuzhang, because he was a child, did not have a pox, so he ordered the nanny to guard the outside of the Forbidden City, and his parents were on their knees, and they did not have a day to accept the joy, which was sorry for sixty years."
Kangxi, who rarely received the love of his parents, regretted that he had not been at the knees of his parents, and regretted for life.
Fortunately, the love of his grandmother Xiaozhuang gave Kangxi a strong heart, and under his teaching, he knew how to use rigid means to protect his own interests and defend his country.
Kangxi, who ascended the throne at the age of 8, had to rely on the four major assistant ministers, and Ao Bai was one of them.
With the passage of time, Ao Bai's ambitions became more and more ambitious, and he constantly excluded dissidents in the court, forming a situation of being the only one who was dominant.
He not only controlled the government and mutilated the courtiers, but also "held his arms forward and played a tiring day" in front of everyone when he disagreed with Kangxi. At this time, Kangxi was only in his teens, but he had grown into a self-reliant and powerful teenager.
He knew that it would be difficult for him to become a true ruler of the king if he did not get rid of it, and Aobai had many eyes and ears, and his own martial arts were also very good, and it was not easy to confront him.
After thinking about it, Kangxi summoned a group of teenagers, who seemed to be playing around, but actually practiced martial arts, and finally summoned Aobai alone when Aobai let down his guard, and took it down in one fell swoop.
At this time, people really faced Kangxi squarely, and it turned out that this young man had already unconsciously possessed the hard means of a king.
Kangxi, on the other hand, also officially began to display his political talents, sounding his own war drums on the big stage of history:
The existence of San Francisco was a threat from the Qing government, so it was withdrawn; the Zheng family army stationed in Taiwan repeatedly refused to appease, then suppressed; Tsarist Russia violated the border several times, then fought.
Kangxi's iron-blooded wrist not only stabilized the inside, allowing the ministers to work together for the welfare of the people, but also continued to expand the territory externally.
Even, he will treat himself hard.
After San Francisco raised the banner of rebellion, people inside and outside the imperial court were panicked.
Soeto, son of the assistant minister Sony, proposed that several people who advocated the withdrawal of the domain be killed in order to appease the Three Domains and stabilize people's hearts.
Kangxi knew very well that Soetu seemed to be looking for a scapegoat for himself, but in fact he was taking advantage of the chaos to eliminate dissidents.
He not only rejected Soetu's suggestion on the spot, but also took the source of the withdrawal of San Francisco on his own.
Such a tough attitude was finally exchanged for the unity of purpose and ushered in the dawn of victory.
The means are rigid, never the representative of violence, it is more of a adherence to the inner principles, a demonstration of strong willpower, and a tenacious shield to protect oneself.
"To be a king, to be benevolent."
Since ancient times, "benevolence" has been the greatest praise for the emperor.
Kangxi could afford the word, but he was not like Song Renzong, only "Ren".
He also has thunderous means to make people with hearts feel frightened, and also to make his road to reunification less troublesome.
As the saying goes, "Soft is set, just has more to give, weak has use, strong has added, and these four are combined, and the eunuch is controlled." ”
When cleaning up the arrears of the national treasury, Kangxi, on the one hand, chose the upright fourth brother Yinchen to preside over the overall situation, and on the other hand, he patiently confided his difficulties to the old courtiers who came to "cry poor", and even took out his own private money to let him return the silver of the national treasury.
In the face of Outer Mongolia's Ambition to Directly Attack Inner Mongolia, Kangxi Imperial Expedition stood on the front line and won a strong victory;
However, he did not take advantage of the victory to pursue, but instead gathered the tribes of northern Mongolia and held the famous "Duolun Alliance" in history.
At this alliance meeting, Kangxi adopted a gentle attitude, which was also a canonization and a reward, and personally gave wine to the Khan King and Taiji attending the meeting.
While letting go of the posture and attracting people's hearts, they do not forget to show their "sword" to each other.
In the parade of the league, Kangxi, dressed in military uniform, shot across horses and was skilled in archery. Everyone present sighed, "Shen Wuye."
In this way, in just a few days, Outer Mongolia was included in the territory of the Qing Empire, and the problem of border troubles in the north was completely solved.
Rigid and soft, hard and soft, in Kangxi's view, the best combination is "not to be biased towards wide, nor to be strict." ”
This is the study of the imperial mind, and it is also the way of being a man: too strong, easy as a reckless man; too soft, easy as a coward.
Kangxi did the same with his own son.
When a child is sick, he will put down the government and take care of him wholeheartedly because of his love; but he will also kneel outside the city to listen to the punishment because he has lost the battle.
In this kind of education, Kangxi's sons were tempered and could inherit the imperial inheritance, because other emperors were troubled by the fact that there was no suitable heir, and his trouble was that there were too many heirs and it was not easy to choose.
Only when a person has the means of thunder can he protect his own compassionate heart; with the heart of a bodhisattva, he can make the iron-blooded wrist appear in a positive place.
Kangxi achieved remarkable results in this hard and soft:
Expand the territory, integrate Manchu and Han culture, free money and grain, preside over the editing of scientific and technological books...
During his 61-year reign, he enabled the people to live a rich life, made the Qing Dynasty prosperous, and laid the foundation for the "prosperous era of Kangqian". Realizing the true meaning of the word "Kangxi":
All nations are peaceful and the world is prosperous.
The stooped posture is the pattern, the rigid means, the ability.
Successful people often know how to escort each other, expand their territory, and make people invincible.