Author | Fan Deng Reading · South Lolo
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Polaris
Interpret the trailer
Meet · Meet your unknown self in the book.
Good evening to all book lovers, welcome to the reading column "Encounter" produced by Fan Deng Reading.
Today I would like to share with you the novel of American writer Harper Lee - "To Kill a Mockingbird".
The book, which won the Pulitzer Prize in 1961 and has been translated into more than 40 languages, is the "parenting bible" that has affected 50 million families worldwide.
The life that has read this book and the life that I have not read are really different.
The ancient Greek educator Plato said:
"Where a person is guided by the education he received from an early age can determine where he will go later."
Education plays a foundational role in a person's life, what kind of education to receive, what kind of life to achieve.
Studies have shown that a child is affected by education, with family education accounting for 70 per cent, school education accounting for 20 per cent and social education accounting for 10 per cent.
"To Kill a Mockingbird" has been called a book that provides an "educational guide" for confused parents.
The book is a harper Lee classic, not only won the Pulitzer Book Award, but also won the Academy Award for the film adaptation.
The three different fathers in the book guide the three children to a completely different life path.
As a father, he has different ideas and attitudes towards his children. Some are casually scolded, some are strictly demanding, and some have become the best examples for children.
How do different educations have different effects on children?
Scolding education and ruining children's lives
Mayera Yuell had many siblings, but her father, Robert Yuell, was a lazy man who lived on handouts.
For his children, Robert would only beat and scold, and even in order to frame the black John for raping and beating Mayera violently, he would not hesitate to beat Mayela beyond recognition.
Describe Mayela's beating in the words of Sheriff Tate:
"The area around the head was scarred by the beating, and there were already bruises on the arms", "A blue and purple patch on the body, and a black eye circle".
As a father, Robert beats his child so violently, does he have love for the child?
A father who does not understand love, his children are just tools for him to vent his temper.
In order to achieve his ulterior motives, he instigated the children to slander John together, reversing right and wrong, and destroying the three views.
Growing up in such a family, Mayera did not understand what love was, and her heart was full of inferiority, and pretending to be pitiful became her usual means of winning sympathy.
She fears her father's obscenity, and at the same time, the false three views lead her to slander John, the only black man who has helped him, in order to protect herself.
Mayera is an unloved, neglected child who lives like a weed.
Since ancient times, in China, there have been high-profile sayings of "filial piety under the stick" and "no fight, no instrument".
Even if you really love your children, is it useful to scold education?
It was as if the child did not obey, and when he roared, he became quiet; if he made a mistake, he would not dare to beat him.
In fact, the child is hindered by the parents' stronger body than himself, and cannot resist so he gives in.
However, this is like a cold directly on the antibiotic, the "dose" increases over time and will eventually fail.
Children's hearts are deeply affected, they are silently wronged, and as they grow older, many people have explosive rebellious behavior in adolescence.
Moreover, children who grow up being scolded are generally prone to inferiority, introversion, lack of security in society, and are prone to grumpiness and violent tendencies.
Many parents who beat and scold their children are often beaten and scolded by their parents when they are young.
In addition to this, scolding can even hurt the child's intelligence.
Harvard University in the United States has done a survey study, the results show that the average IQ of children who are often beaten is 20% lower than the average IQ of children who have not been beaten.
Scolding can only show that parents are educationally incompetent, and they will only treat their children in a brutal way to vent their emotions.
Scolding education is an ideological problem left over from the authoritarian family system and a deformed way of family education.
Not only does it not work well, but it can also seriously hurt the child.
Bondage education delays children's lives
In To Kill a Mockingbird, "The Odd Man" Arthur Radley was once a spirited and intelligent teenager.
He was taken to court because he was unladylike in his youth and made a mistake with his companions.
These children were supposed to be sent to work-study schools for relief and better education, but he was delayed for half a life by his father's captive education in the name of love.
The result was as Radley Sr. had promised the judge:
If Arthur is released, he will be responsible for supervising and not letting Arthur get into any more trouble.
Fifteen years of captive education allowed Arthur to slowly break away from society and almost never appear in front of people.
Such an experience made him look worried and uneasy even when he saved Jem himself and was respected and appreciated by everyone, his movements were hesitant, and his body became very bad due to his long-term confinement in the house.
Although he still retains kindness and courage in his heart, he seems to have become an "invisible person", a "strange person" in the eyes of others.
When educating children, there are always some parents who are worried that their children and their friends will develop "bad" habits, or that it is dangerous for their children to go out to play, so they supervise their children under their own eyes.
Isn't this kind of bondage education similar to Mr. Radley Sr.'s "captive" education?
Education experts point out that children who grow up in this way are prone to lack self-confidence, courage and the ability to judge independently.
Blindly binding children is a prophetic disaster.
As a parent should give the child is affirmation and respect, guided analysis.
Parents cannot fill every gap in their children's lives, nor can they cover every storm for their children.
Some roads need children to walk by themselves, and some mistakes need children to try themselves, and they can grow from mistakes and failures in order to achieve a qualitative leap in life.
Role model education, supporting children's lives
The ancient Roman philosopher Seneca said:
"Teaching is a long road, and example is a shortcut."
As a father, Atticus set a good example for his children.
He defended the black man and plunged his family into the whirlpool of public opinion, but in the face of other people's gossip and prejudice, he told the child:
Scout, don't call it, that's a derogatory name.
He told children in language that they were equal and not prejudiced, whether white or black.
Atticus let the children participate in their own trial defense, showing the children the courage to do it without hesitation for the sake of justice and knowing that they have failed.
As he once said:
"To be brave is to know that you will lose when you have not yet started, but you still have no hesitation in doing it, and you will stick to it no matter what happens." 」
In the face of truth and justice, Addix teaches children to choose, and people inevitably have to face dilemmas.
When confronted, Yuel wants to kill Jem and Scout, and is eventually killed by the counter-killing.
In the end, Atticus chose the same words as Officer Tate for the sake of justice:
"Yuell fell on the knife's edge himself."
Scutt, like him, chose justice and gave up the truth.
They didn't want Arthur to be hurt by preventing the crime from happening, and the Arthur she saw as a mockingbird, and there was no reason for people to hurt him.
Because Atticus had told her that the robins did nothing bad except hum beautiful music for people to enjoy.
Atticus influenced the child with his own behavior, so that the child knew how to distinguish between right and wrong and make the right choice.
Mrs. Gandhi once said, "The best education is to lead by example." ”
If parents lead by example, it is easier for children to understand the truth instilled by their parents, so that children can understand the meaning of language and do it, but it is easy to learn.
Mr. Luo Xiang once shared that the "justice" and "kindness" taught him by his parents were not an adjective, but the behavior itself.
In the 1980s, Luo Xiang's mother's salary was only 42 yuan a month.
One day, the mother and son found a wallet stuffed with money in the mall, and the mother did not take it for herself, and waited for the owner there until the owner came to return the wallet.
Her mother used her behavior to explain to Luo Xiang what is called "collecting gold without ignorance".
Luo Xiang said:
"True education must be based on this kind of teaching, not just words."
Because the teaching of speech can easily become hypocritical, we can only rely on actions to sublimate our speech more and go more to people's hearts. ”
Write at the end
In the book "To Kill a Mockingbird", the different educational methods of the three fathers have already given different educational results.
Writer Miao Wei said:
"Everyone who is a father should read this novel and think about how to be a good father."
Where we want to orient our children's lives, we choose which education.
No one in the world is a natural educator, and it is not only the children who are educated, but also the patience and pattern of the parents.
It is also a blessing in life to have the opportunity to become a parent and continue to grow up in the process of educating children.
Click "Watching" and encourage the book friends.
Author | Nan Luoluo, a post-85 who wants to make money to support his family while wandering the world.
Column Director | Come slowly
Typography | Zheng to the north
Image | Some of the pictures in this article come from the stills of the movie "Kill a Mockingbird", which was invaded and deleted
Music | past events