Colorful Guizhou network · zhongwang news (this network reporter Ying Teng) Do you know what the largest volume of excavations in Guizhou and the earliest bronze ware of the era look like? Archaeological achievements meet the audience for the first time, come to Guibo to open your eyes!
Recently, the "Diversified Integration into China: Huiji and Muke Bronze Cultural Relics Exhibition", which is being exhibited in Hall 7 of the Guizhou Provincial Museum, brings together a total of 204 pieces (sets) of bronze cultural relics from the Zhenjiang Museum in Jiangsu and the Guizhou Provincial Museum.
In the publicity design, the exhibition also incorporates cartoon elements of ethnic minorities in Guizhou
In particular, Guizhou's bronze ware, the largest and earliest in the era, has never been publicly exhibited, was also unveiled in this exhibition. This is also the first time that the Guizhou Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology has officially met with the audience since it was excavated at the Jigongshan site in 2004.
The earliest bronzes from the era excavated in Guizhou appeared in the exhibition
During the Xia and Shang dynasties, China's bronze civilization flourished. At the end of the Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, bronze culture spread to the Yangtze River Basin. The ancestors of Jiangnan Huiji and Muke's hometown absorbed the bronze techniques of the Central Plains, cast decorative utensils, agricultural tools, ceremonial tools, weapons, and carriages and horses, forming a regional bronze culture with strong local characteristics.
According to existing archaeological findings, from which era did the bronze civilization in Guizhou begin?
Among the bronzes unearthed in Guizhou, which one is the earliest?
What kind of regional archaeological culture has been revealed by discovering the sites of these bronzes? Why did you win the "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China"?
Pursue the light of Guizhou bronze with Zhang Herong
come! Follow Zhang Herong, the archaeological leader of the Weining Zhongshui Site and deputy director of the Guizhou Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, to pursue the light of Guizhou bronze together!
Bracelets and antimony
This is the earliest bronze ware of the Guizhou era
The artifact, which requires a magnifying glass to see clearly, is a fragment of a copper bracelet excavated at the Bijie Qingchang Tile Kiln Site in 1984. It comes from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties and is the earliest bronze artifact of the current discovery era in Guizhou.
Bronze bracelets (fragments) from the Shang and Zhou dynasties
After 20 years, the archaeological team of The Weining Zhongshui Site excavated a bronze artifact from the same period as the copper bracelet in a sacrificial pit at the top of Jigong Mountain. This is currently the largest volume in Guizhou and the earliest bronze ware of the era.
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the bronze bronze was first seen with the public in the form of archaeological results
In the wood industry, there is a saying that "three axes are not as good as one hammer". From Neolithic jade and stone to Bronze Age bronze, it was the main production tool in primitive agriculture.
"The casting method of this copper antimony is very primitive, mainly using hot forging cold treatment, and there are still obvious forging marks on the copper hammer." Zhang Herong introduced that the main component of this copper antimony is natural red copper, and contains a small amount of impurities, although the casting technology and the same period are slightly backward, but it means that Guizhou has entered the initial stage of bronze use.
The main ingredient of this bronze antimonitium is natural red copper
"The discovery of the two bronzes has further enriched the understanding of the bronze culture of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, especially the bronze culture of Guizhou, and provided evidence for the study of the ancient Chinese bronze civilization of pluralism and integration." Zhang Herong said.
Summit sacrifice site
Pioneering a new archaeological culture
It is worth noting that in addition to bronzes, the Jigongshan site has also unearthed a large number of relics such as typical pottery combination thin neck bottles, folding jars, single ear belt flow cups, high neck deep belly large pots, and amphora belt flow basins. The discovery of this site fills the gap in the archaeology of the Shang and Zhou dynasties in Guizhou and is of great significance to the study of the origin of the Yelang culture.
At the same time, the regional archaeological culture named after Jigongshan as a typical site, "Jigongshan Culture", is the first archaeological culture named in Guizhou from the Neolithic to the early Bronze Age archaeological remains.
Excavation site of Jigongshan site (Photo: Guizhou Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology)
In addition, the remains of cultural types from different periods, such as the Jigongshan ruins, Yingpanshan ruins, Hongyingpan cemeteries and Yinzitan cemeteries excavated in Weining Zhongshui, can establish the chronological framework and evolution sequence from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age in the Western Yunnan region.
Pottery excavated from the Jigongshan site (Photo: Guizhou Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology)
"A new regional archaeological culture and strong continuity of the times, the major discoveries of Weining Zhongshui Archaeology made the site highly voted to be selected as one of the "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China" in 2005.
Cut in from the bronze
Look at the inclusiveness of Chinese civilization
"The current archaeological findings confirm that in the 4,000 to 3,000 years ago, Guizhou has absorbed the bronze techniques of the Central Plains and begun to enter the Bronze Age." Zhang Herong said that the characteristics of Chinese civilization are eclectic, taking bronze as an example, ancient Chinese civilization is in the exchange and agitation, gradually giving birth to its own appearance.
Although fragmentary, the excavation of the copper bracelet is of great significance
If you go to the "Diversity and Integration into China: Huiji and Muke Bronze Cultural Relics Exhibition", you may wish to try to look at the 204 sets of bronzes in the two places from an archaeological point of view, and perhaps have a more interesting and in-depth interpretation of "how national cultures blend and integrate with each other under the cultural differences and conflicts" from the details of the artifacts.