Nine. The 18th Incident was that on September 18, 1931, the Japanese Kwantung Army Railway Garrison itself blew up the railway near Wicker Lake of the South Manchuria Railway, and then planted bribes to blame the Chinese army, and used this as an excuse to provoke the incident, occupy Shenyang, and then occupy the entire northeast, triggering a major historical event of the 14-year War of Resistance Against Japan.
In the IX. Half a year before the 18th Incident, the Kwantung Army, under the auspices of Ishihara Guan'er, formulated the "Plan for Dealing with the Manchu-Mongolian Problem," which put forward four ideas and two ways of dealing with the invasion of northeast China.
In this plan, the Japanese Kwantung Army believed that "at this time, it would be best if it could trigger a Sino-Japanese war." But China may avoid this and resort to international hostility by adopting a passive attitude of non-resistance. In such circumstances, the Government should resolutely implement the established policy and take measures to avoid international interference. ”
While formulating the plan, the Japanese Kwantung Army also dispatched reconnaissance personnel to conduct on-the-spot surveys of Shenyang a year before the operation and formulated an action plan for attacking Shenyang City.
After field investigation, the Japanese Kwantung Army found that if the Chinese army held Shenyang, because the city walls were high and thick, it would be difficult to use explosives. However, the southwest corner of the Shenyang city wall was damaged, and it was the weakest place in the entire Shenyang city wall. Finally, on the day of the September 18 Incident, the Japanese army also attacked the city from the southwest corner of Shenyang City according to this plan.
In April 1931, when the Japanese army transferred the 2nd Division originally stationed in Sendai to the northeast to replace the 16th Division in Kyoto, the attack on Shenyang was already on the string.
At the same time, honjo Shigeru, a "China Tong", was appointed as the commander of the Kwantung Army, and Kenji Doihara was appointed as the chief of the Shenyang secret service, and frequently adjusted the garrison of the original Kwantung Army in the northeast, and even the Japanese army stationed in Korea was ordered to be ready to assist at any time.
The Japanese army began to attack the North Camp at 10:20 p.m. on September 18, 1931. At that time, the North Camp was the garrison of the Seventh Brigade of the Northeast Army, with more than 10,000 officers and men in the brigade. Except for one battalion stationed in Tanglin, all of them were in the Camp North barracks at that time.
However, because of the suddenness of the incident, the Seventh Brigade of the Northeast Army received orders not to resist, and after a little resistance, it chose to retreat, and at 5:30 a.m. on the 19th, it all withdrew from the North Camp.
At the same time as the Japanese army attacked the North Camp, it began to attack Shenyang City at 00:00 on the 19th. At 4:30 a.m., the 2nd Brigade of the Japanese 29th Wing occupied the Shenyang City Wall. At the same time, the Japanese Second Division was also ordered to move first in Shenyang, and arrived in Shenyang at 4:45 a.m. on the 19th, participating in the battle in Shenyang.
Just when the Japanese army had begun to attack Xiaoximen and other places in Shenyang, the Northeast Army was still calling the Japanese Consulate General in Shenyang to negotiate and ask what the Japanese really meant? The answer was only the phrase "military action, no right to restrict".
At that time, Rong Zhen, chief of staff of the Northeast Army in the city, and others really believed that the Japanese were only conducting military exercises, and ordered the military and police not to resist. Subsequently, the Japanese army entered the city from the southwest corner of the city from the original plan, and opened the city gate, and the Japanese army invaded the city of Shenyang.
At 6:30 a.m., under the cover of armored vehicles, a large number of Japanese troops entered Shenyang from xiaoximen, and the first thing they occupied was Zhang Xueliang's young marshal's mansion and the border guard office, and then occupied the provincial government, the gendarmerie command, the naval command, the political affairs committee, major banks, telephone bureaus, telegraph bureaus and other important organs. By 7 o'clock in the morning, most of Shenyang City had fallen into the hands of the Japanese army.
Due to the non-resistance of the Northeast Army, the Japanese army occupied the whole of Shenyang only overnight, which also opened the tragic prelude to the 14-year arduous War of Resistance Against Japan.