In the endless Hulunbuir grassland, cattle and sheep are flocked, and horses are fat. Eagles soared across the sky, and the brave soldiers loved their leader as much as the rising sun of the steppe.
He was able to bring countless riches and supreme glory to the steppes, turning lands far away into pastures for the Mongols. He is the hero of the steppe of eternal life, the devil who makes the foreigners feel frightened.
Because of him, the Mongolian war horses could drink water on the banks of the Danube River, and the princesses of the Western Xia lived in the palace tent of The Erduo, and the gold and silk belonging to the Han people became the spoils of the steppe.
He was the undefeated emperor who frightened and submitted to the whole world, and he was a generation of heavenly pride in future generations with different opinions and different praises. He is Boer Jin Temujin, and he is unique - Genghis Khan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > "Temujin, your name is a victory"</h1>
The Bo'erjin tribe is an ancient tribe on the steppe, and their leader should be brave but also brutal. One day, it was time to go out hunting, and a young couple passed by him.
The woman was born beautifully, and it was quick to decide to take the woman back to her tribe and take her brothers to hunt her down. Poor husband Chiriel was powerless to resist, and his wife, Khao Erun, advised him:
"If the wife is gone, there can be no more, and if the life is gone, there is no way to start again." Go, marry another woman, and if you miss me, let her use my name. "
In this way, Khao Erlun took off his coat and gave it to her husband, and followed him back to his tribe. After a few years, Ha Erlun bore a son to the tribal leader.
At that time, the clan was winning the battle, and a man named "Temujin" was captured. The triumphant Yasugo was very happy to see his son, so he named him after the captive, which is the origin of Temujin's name.
Temujin means "a man as strong as iron", and he is destined to be the dominant lord of the steppe. After his father's death, the clan rebelled, and Temujin, his mother, and his brother were expelled from the tribe.
But the bumpy life of his childhood did not crush Temujin, who tenaciously grew into an adult and became a bold and cunning steppe wolf. He defected to Wang Han, the overlord of the steppe at the time, who had been an old friend of Temujin's father. Temujin worshipped him as his righteous father and began the road of the Eastern Expedition to the West.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > "I will love and protect my family loyally, and I will take revenge on my enemies fiercely."</h1>
When Temujin was nine years old (thirteen years old), his father took him to his grandmother's house. On the way, he met a relative's daughter, Bo Erti. Boerti was a year older than him, and when Temujin saw her, he vowed to marry her.
As an adult, Temujin got his wish, but unfortunately, his enemy, Chiredu, the husband of his mother, Akarito, also came to fight at this time.
Temujin, who was still weak, could not resist, and this time it was the turn of the young BoErti to be abducted. Temujin was very angry and went to his righteous father Wang Han for help, training soldiers and waiting for an opportunity to take revenge.
During these days, he met Zamuhe, a steppe hero who shared his ambitions. After a few years, Temujin did indeed go to war with the enemy.
With zamuhe's help, Temujin won a great victory and regained his own Boerti. It wasn't long before Boerti gave birth to a son.
Temujin understood that this was the son of the enemy, but he did not blame him in the past, and instead of excluding the mother and son of Bo Erti, he said, "Bo Er Ti is my wife, and her son is my son." He named the son Shuchi, which means "guest."
Temujin treats his loyal relatives and servants with a mind like the sky. He had eight sons in his lifetime, but always regarded Shuchi as his eldest son and consulted him on everything.
Shuchi was always loyal and loved his father, and made great contributions to Temujin's conquests of the Khanate of Tsimasa, Hua Lazimo, and the Jin Dynasty, and eventually became the founder and Great Khan of the Khanate of Chincha.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > "where the Mongol warhorses have stepped, it is the pasture of the steppe people."</h1>
In the process of unifying the various tribes of the steppe, war between Temujin and his once-affectionate friend Zamuhe was inevitable. Temujin divided into thirteen routes and fought against Zamuhe separately.
However, Zamuhe's attack was dense and compact, and it was extremely orderly, and Temujin immediately judged that the situation of the war was unfavorable to himself after the initial battle, and decisively chose to withdraw his troops and temporarily avoid the front.
However, Zamuhe did not have such good patience. In order to intimidate the enemy troops in the valley into battle, he ordered that the captives be boiled alive in a cauldron into meat sauce and shared with his subordinates.
Such cruel practices not only did not have the desired effect, but on the contrary, the soldiers under Zamuhe were frightened and turned against each other. Temujin attacked in one fell swoop and finally became the new overlord of the steppe.
Temujin was the only war genius in world history, and his skillful use of various forms of combat gave full play to the advantages of the Mongol cavalry, coupled with his clear distinction between reward and punishment and never selfishness, making the army disciplined and extremely effective.
The Mongols originally had no writing, and Temujin created it to facilitate the spread of government decrees and military laws; the nomadic peoples of the steppe had no written laws.
Temujin had his men compile the famous Code of Genghis Khan, which clearly defined various laws, rules, and even living habits, and then taught his subjects to learn in Mongolian.
Several of Temujin's sons were brave and good at war, and they cleared the obstacles on the road to reunification for him. Coupled with Tetsubetsu, Subutai, and others who were later attached to him, Temujin's military power reached an unprecedented level.
At this time, Temujin had become the emperor of the Mongol Empire and was officially canonized as "Genghis Khan". "Genghis" means strong and sea in Mongolian.
This unique title in history describes Temujin as both strong as thunder and magnanimous as the sea. He swept across the Western Xia, swept through the Jin Dynasty, and then conquered Hualazimo in the west, and fought more than sixty battles large and small, without a single defeat.
He brought the flexibility and mobility of his soldiers to the point of being amazing, and his attacks were always fast and precise, which enabled him to sweep thousands of armies and attack cities while facing enemies several times his own on the distant European continent.
According to statistics, in Genghis Khan's short career of foreign expansion for more than 20 years, dozens of countries were conquered, and about 720 ethnic groups became his subjects.
In this process, although he brutally and brutally slaughtered the submissive cities, he also greatly enriched the cultural and material exchanges between the East and the West, and art and religion showed a trend of mutual integration.
If it were not for the later Western Xia rebellion, the sixty-four-year-old Genghis Khan insisted on personal conquest, unfortunately fell ill and died, then the legend of Genghis Khan may continue.
This proud son of heaven from the steppe has become the sun that will not fall in the hearts of the Mongols. They buried him secretly, and ten thousand war horses trampled on the grave. Genghis Khan, who owns the largest empire in the history of the world, is forever buried under the nameless underground of the Hulunbuir steppe.
Until 700 years later, the American five-star general MacArthur said:
"If all accounts of the war were erased from history, leaving only detailed accounts of Genghis Khan's battles, and well preserved, the soldiers would still have endless wealth." From those accounts, soldiers could gain useful knowledge to shape an army to be used in future wars. The success of that amazing leader (Genghis Khan) overshadowed the achievements of most commanders in history."
The evaluation of Genghis Khan is still controversial. Military generals like MacArthur have many voices that praise him, but there are also many historians who believe from the perspective of social history that Genghis Khan was guilty of more than merit.
But it is undeniable that Genghis Khan, as the spiritual symbol of Mongolia, has forever entered the annals of world history and become one of the important figures influencing human civilization.
Text/Wen Shi Wangwang