The older generation of Zhanjiang people often have a feeling that they are closer to Hainan Island and the Qinlian region of Guangxi, while feeling more distant from the provincial capital of Guangzhou. Is this simply because "distant relatives are inferior to close neighbors"? In fact, it is not completely, Zhanjiang, Hainan Island, Guinan from the Western Han Dynasty before 1800 years ago, has been one, called "Lei Qionggui".
In the early days of Lei Qionggui's development, the land was sparsely populated and the transportation was inconvenient, and the three places belonged to Hepu County, and the county rule was in the current Beihai Pubei County. From the Western Han Dynasty to the Southern Dynasty, the three places of Lei Qionggui, or belonged to Gao Prefecture or Yue Prefecture, and the jurisdictions of the three places were often connected. After the Southern Dynasty Liu Song Dynasty, the prefecture of Yuezhou was in Hepu, adjacent to Lei Qiong, which was conducive to administrative command.
At this time, there were still relatively few Han Chinese, and the luoyue indigenous culture. The cultural differences between the cultural regions that have become common among the three places are very small. Academics generally believe that the scope of the luoyue ancient kingdom stretches from the Hongshui River Basin in Guangxi in the north, from the southeast of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west, to the southwest of Guangdong Province in the east, and to the Red River Basin of Hainan Island and Vietnam in the south. The source and center of Luoyue culture is in China, and the main part is also in China, which has a huge impact on the entire Southeast Asian region.
After the Sui Dynasty merged with the political regions and provinces, some people from the coast of Guangxi and the Leizhou Peninsula entered Hainan. At that time, they were still a minority of the ancient Yue ethnic group, also known as slang or slang. This group of people is known as the "Lingao people". Since then, Lei Qiong's political and cultural relations have further moved closer.
Hainan Lingao
In the eighth year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (634 AD), Chen Wenyu requested that "Hezhou" be changed to "Leizhou", which is still used today. Chen Wenyu made important contributions to promoting the integration of the Han and ethnic minorities, and made great contributions to the Tang Dynasty in "establishing our frontiers and preferring to find Li Shu", and was later known as "Lei Zu". At this time, the Leizhou Peninsula, Guinan Region, and Hainan Island all belonged to Lingnan West Province, and economic exchanges also took place in the same region.
Lei Zu - Chen Wenyu
At that time, there was a north-south flowing river communication line, connecting the Xianggui Corridor and the Xijiang River, and running from north to south to east. In the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo took the route when he was in Huizhou and then degraded Hainan: from Guangzhou to Wuzhou, Guangxi, and then landed in TengXian County, passing through Rong County, Yulin, and Luchuan into Shijiao of Lianjiang, Dongpoling of Suixi, Tuofeng, Zhiman, Chengyue, Kuzhu of Haikang, Leicheng, Yingli, Zuowen, Hai'an, and finally crossing the sea to Hainan, which is also known as the "official road".
Due to the inconvenience of transportation in ancient times, this "official road" is very important, connecting Guinan, Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island, and there is no trajectory on this side of the Pearl River Delta. Since this road also represents the main outgoing route of the people, it shows that the exchanges between the three places are very close.
The Song Dynasty strengthened the centralization of power and divided the country into 24 roads, mainly in combination with transportation routes, in order to collect and transfer local fiscal taxes. The area of Lei Guiqiong is called "Guangnan West Road", and the road is in Guilin. For 320 years of the Song Dynasty, the Leizhou Peninsula, Hainan Island and Guangxi all belonged to Guangnan West Road, and the regional cultural relations formed by this were very strong and powerful.
The cultural remains of Leizhou Sanyuan Pagoda, Leizhou Peninsula and Qiongbei are extremely similar
In addition, in terms of pearl culture, the three places around the Beibu Gulf are also reflected. In ancient times, there was a "Pearl Mother Sea" between Leizhou and Hepu, which is now the Beibu Bay. At that time, the pearls were basically wild, the government recruited the people to go to the sea to collect pearls, full of dangers, many people drowned or were killed by sharks, during the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the pearling industry evolved into a tyranny, and the culture of the Yan family also became a common feature of Lei Qionggui. Pearl diving agencies, as an administrative force, strengthened the economic ties between the three places.
The Yan family used to specialize in pearl diving and fishing
In the Yuan Dynasty, the three places of Lei Qionggui were separated, and the Lingnan region belonged to Jiangxi Province, with Guangdong Province under it. Guangxi belongs to Huguang Province, which is subordinate to Beihai South Road. The Yuan Dynasty came from Mongolia and was not very concerned about the rule of the south, although it was divided, but the planning and management were not in place at all, this pattern made Nanling lose the value of the military defensive line, and the chaotic management of the entire Yuan Dynasty made the dynasty last only for more than 80 years.
In the Ming Dynasty, Lei Qionggui (part of) was re-divided into Guangdong, and leizhou capital, Qiongzhou capital, and Lianzhou capital were set up, and together with Gaozhou capital, it became the famous "lower four provinces" of Guangdong. This pattern was much more convenient than being subject to Wuchang, the capital of Huguang Province during the Yuan Dynasty. In this context, Leizhou culture is becoming more and more mature, and Leizhou dialect is becoming more and more popular. At the same time, lei qionggui, as an important part of Guangdong, began to develop synchronously with guangdong province.
Leizhou stone dog
The administrative division of the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty was the same. After the Opium War, Qiongzhou (Haikou), Beihai, and Guangzhou Bay (Zhanjiang) were successively opened as foreign trade ports. After the founding of New China, the administrative regions of the three places were divided and merged. Qinlian and other places in Guangxi were under the jurisdiction of Zhanjiang Special Region in the 1950s, and it was not until 1965 that Hepu, Lingshan, Qinxian, Dongxing and Beihai were assigned to Guangxi and became the outlet to Guangxi.
In short, Zhanjiang, Hainan Island, and Guinan can be said to be one family in history, having experienced intricate political and regional changes, intertwined with many major historical events, folk customs, eating habits, and rural dialects also have similarities, but now they belong to three provinces (regions), do you think it is reasonable? Discussion is welcome.