Chen Yinke, like Wang Guowei, is also one of the four tutors of Tsinghua University's National College, and is called "the only person in three hundred years" by Fu Sinian.
Chen Yinke was born on July 3, 1890 in Changsha, Hunan.
His grandfather Chen Baozhen successively served as an envoy in Zhejiang and Hubei, a political envoy directly under the ministry, a soldier's attendant, and an inspector of Hunan, and he was called "Hai Nei QiShiye" by Zeng Guofan. The reformer, who was called "a major minister of the New Deal" by the Guangxu Emperor, was a well-known backbone of the reformers in the late Qing Dynasty.
His father, Chen Sanli, was a poet and was known as "the last traditional poet in China", and after zhongju, he successively served as an official and a master.
He assisted his father in implementing the New Deal, and befriended and supported famous figures such as Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao.
The two generations of the Chen family have always advocated the New Deal, and the "Siyi Academy" has adopted modern education first.
Chen Sanli and the teachers agreed not to beat students and not to memorize dead books, a new style of style, which was deeply appreciated by Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangjiang at that time.
Under such a family origin, Chen Yinke has laid a deep foundation in Traditional Chinese studies since he was a child, and his vision has expanded to the East and West.
Beginning in 1910, at the age of 12, Chen Yinke crossed to Japan with his brother Heng Ke and entered the famous Sugamo Hongwen Academy. Started a hi-break study abroad career! Three years later, he returned to China for treatment due to a foot disease. Later, he was admitted to Shanghai Fudan Public School.
As soon as he graduated, he embarked on a study tour in Europe. He studied at the University of Berlin in Germany, the University of Zurich in Switzerland, the École Supérieure des Political Sciences in Paris in France, and Harvard University in the United States.
Chen Yinke when studying in Japan (Middle)
In 1925, many major events occurred in chaotic China, but the most far-reaching impact was the establishment of the Institute of Chinese Studies at Tsinghua University.
Tsinghua university reform was carried out by the preparatory school for studying in the United States, decided to set up a research institute of chinese studies, and listened to Hu Shi's suggestions, adopted the tutor system of the Song and Yuan academies, with Wu Mi as the director of the research institute, hiring a master, and presiding over the preparatory matters.
Chen Danqing's painting "Institute of Traditional Chinese Studies" starts from left: Zhao Yuanren, Liang Qichao, Wang Guowei, Chen Yinke, Wu Mi
On the first day of teaching at Tsinghua University, he first gave the students a pair of couplets: "The Saint of the South China Sea re-passes on the disciples, and the emperor of the Qing Dynasty is a classmate of the teenager." Chen Yinke's class is very distinctive, and there is an unwritten rule: "I don't talk about some things in the book, I don't talk about what others have said, and I don't talk about what I have said." People call it the "three no-talk" professors.
If he really opened his mouth, the students were completely convinced!
His knowledge spans ancient and modern times, connecting China and the West. He quickly set off a burst of "Chen Yinke fever". Students inside and outside the campus come to visit, and often these students turn their heads and find that their professors are also sitting in the back seats, and they are fascinated. Professor Wu Mi is unimpeded, rain or shine, and the hall will come. Philosophy experts Feng Youlan, Zhu Ziqing, and other high-level professors all came to listen to his lectures. Even Peking University students who were far away on the beach in the city also flocked through Xizhimen and ran to eavesdrop. At that time, dozens of miles along the way were full of farmland, and in the autumn, there were often bandits who came out to rob, and even killed people and crossed the goods, desperate to take risks. Even so, the North masters and students were willing to venture out of the city, often in groups with wooden sticks and iron tools. As a result, there was such a strange scene: the classroom where Chen Yinke was in class was filled with all kinds of "weapons.".
Ji Xianlin, who later became a master of traditional Chinese studies, also said: "Listening to his lessons is an incomparable enjoyment. Among Chinese and foreign scholars, the only one who can give me this kind of enjoyment is Lu Desi abroad, and only Chen Shi is the only one in China. ”
Therefore, the students respectfully called him "Too Teacher" and "Professor's Professor". Because he was from a famous family and was knowledgeable, the students also called him "the prince of the princes".
Chen Yinke's handwriting
He was well educated, and in the blink of an eye, he was in his thirties, except that his father was anxious about his marriage
His good friend Zhao Yuanren was also anxious for him.
Under the mediation of Zhao Yuanren and others, he and Tang Yun, the granddaughter of Tang Jingsong, a celebrity in the late Qing Dynasty, became acquainted.
Talent meets beautiful people, and hates late.
Young Tang Yun
The family has lived a life of upheaval and displacement since then, and what hurts him most is that in the chaos of the war, the books and manuscripts he regarded as treasures have been destroyed, and in that era of change, his fate has also drifted around like a rootless ping. When he arrived at the Unidentified General Assembly, his right eye could no longer be seen, and his left eye was also suffering from eye disease, and he could only see weakly!
In 1938, he was teaching at the Southwest United University, and suddenly the alarm sounded, and the Japanese army was about to bomb! In 1939, the Royal Society awarded Chen Yinke the title of Institute, the first professor of Chinese and Chinese Sinology to be hired.
This summer, Chen Yinke and his family went to Hong Kong and prepared to cross the sea to London, but unexpectedly the war in Europe broke out, the navigation was interrupted, and the British trip was in vain. He was forced to live in Hong Kong temporarily.
In the summer of 1939, Chen Yinke's family lived in Hong Kong
In the early morning of December 12, 1944, Chen Yinke opened his eyes, but found that he could not see anything.
After becoming blind, Chen Yinke taught on his balcony
Chen Yinke, in 1964, was already in such a situation
In 1969, because the "Industrial Propaganda Brigade" set its sights on this building, it was used as a command. The rebels at Sun Yat-sen University ordered Chen Yinke to move out of his home where he had lived for sixteen years and forced him to move to a place where even beggars did not live, and the people invented a new means of destruction: putting a loudspeaker under his bed. In the better name, it "let the reactionary academic authorities listen to the angry accusations of the revolutionary masses."
At this time, Chen Shi was so sick that it was difficult to even eat a little soup and water "liquid food", so thin that he was not human-shaped, and a few relatives and friends secretly came to visit him, and saw him lying on the sickbed unable to speak, nor could he cry, but the corners of his eyes kept crying. At 5:30 a.m. on October 7, 1969, Chen Yinke's heart failed and he died suddenly, and when he died, he did not leave a single word, but the corners of his eyes continued to cry. On the evening of November 21, Chen Yinke's wife, Tang Yun, also followed her husband under jiuquan. When Chen Yinke wrote "This Independent Spirit, the Free Thought", he may have thought that he would also pay a lifetime price for guarding this eternal belief like Wang Guowei.
When others are fighting for a diploma in order to gain fame, he regards the diploma as a waste of paper and devotes himself to studying; when others tend to be inflamed and chase after glory and wealth, he scrupulously abides by his heart and does not want to engage in politics; he maintains the integrity that a true scholar should have, and he also adheres to his most precious spiritual corner. "Independent personality, free thought." It is his most firm belief and the portrayal of his life.