Original poem: Answer to the North Guest
Thank you for knowing Tsukiyoshi, poor crab-free has a prison state.
The Liu family has both negative yuan and feet, and it is free not to pick apple flowers.
(In 1953, it was recorded from the Book of Friends and Friends of Jiwei.) It is speculated that the poem was written from November 22 to the beginning of December 1953. ）
(In the poem, "Beike" can refer specifically to the student Wang Qi, but also to political leaders such as Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, and Guo Moruo, and can also refer to political leaders and colleagues, students, relatives and friends such as Li Siguang, Chen Yuan, Yang Shuda, and Zheng Tianting.) ）
Historical Background:
In September 1953, Professor Jiang Tianshu of Fudan University visited Chen Yinke in Guangzhou. In 1953, he began to belong to the grass "Liu Ru is a Biography", and Chen Yinke dictated it by his assistant Ms. Huang Xuan. On the evening of November 21, Wang Qi (a student and assistant), an associate professor of the History Department of Peking University, went to Guangzhou with a handwritten letter from Guo Moruo and Li Siguang to persuade him to go north to take up his post, and his tone and posture were like "revolutionary emissaries", and chen scolded: "You are not my student, get me out." The next morning, Chen Yinke dictated a simple reply written by Tang Yun. On the morning of December 1, Chen and Wang had a formal long talk, and Wang Qi truthfully recorded Chen Yinke's final reply to the Academy of Sciences, and put forward the conditions for going north: "First, allow research, do not follow Marxism-Leninism, and do not study politics; second, ask Mao Gong or Liu Gong to give a certificate of permission as a shield." Chen Yinke's reply, in 1953 China, was shocking.
Wang Qi: Born in 1916 in Jiangdu, Jiangsu Province. Contemporary Chinese historian and professor of history at Peking University. In 1934, he was admitted to the History Department of Tsinghua University, and in 1947, he entered the History Department of Peking University, where he studied under Chen Yinke and served as his assistant. Since he went south to persuade Chen Yinke to return to his post without success, he lost the trust of Guo Moruo and other high-level people in the field of science and education, and at the same time was widely despised by the academic community. When the "anti-rightist" struggle began, Guo Moruo publicly criticized Chen Yinke by name in 1958, and Wang Qi, as a disciple of Chen Men, fell sharply in status, was criticized and besieged by "revolutionary comrades-in-arms" from the same camp, and lost the aura of "red and specialized" "party experts" and famous leaders of the new historiography of Marxism-Leninism. In the campus of Peking University, the center and source of the "Cultural Revolution", the first one was pulled out to criticize the struggle. On June 11, 1966, he drank the insecticide at home and died at the age of 50, becoming the first martyr of Peking University in the Cultural Revolution. He devoted his life to the study of Sui and Tang history, and most of the manuscript notes after his death were lost, and the rest were compiled and selected by scholars such as Tang Changru, Wu Zongguo, Liang Taiji, Song Jiayu, Xi Kangyuan and other scholars into the "Treatise on the History of Wang Hong, Sui and Tang Dynasties", counting twenty-two articles.
Appreciation:
"Thank you for knowing each other" in the sentence "knowing each other" here refers to mutual understanding, as to whether the feelings are deep or not, it is not known. "菟裘" is an ancient place name, derived from the eleventh year of the "Zuo Zhuan" Yin Gong: "Father Yu please kill Huan Gong in order to seek great slaughter." Gong Yue: 'For its sake, I will give it to him.' ''Make the camp of The Dragon, and I will be old and old."' Here's a metaphor for a place to retire. The whole sentence literally translates as thank you for knowing where I live (菟裘).
"Poor crab-free has a prison state" sentence is used in Ouyang Xiu's "Guitian Record" "Hangzhou people love crabs, Kun tasted to make up for the outer county, people asked what they wanted, Kun Yue: 'But if there are crabs without a general sentence, it is okay.'" And Su Shi's "Seeing Li Xitai in the Golden Gate Temple and the Erqian Singing and the Four Absolute Sentences Drama with Its Rhymes" "I want to ask the king to beg for bamboo, but there is no crab in the prison state" in Su Shi. The whole sentence literally translates as a pity that there are no crabs, only jianzhou. Here it is a metaphor that instead of going north to become the director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing (Jianzhou), it is better to be a university professor (no crab) in a remote corner of Guangzhou.
The sentence "Liu Family Is Both Negative Yuan and Foot" is derived from the verse "The Junjia has its own Yuan and Foot, and the Mo Tired Family Chicken Asks People More" in Su Shi's "Liu Family Second Nephew Asks for Handwriting", combined with the author's 1927 "Sending Fu Si Nian" verse "The beginning of the sound is really loud, the Yuan and the new foot have not yet become an army", "Liu Family" refers to Su Shi's second nephew of the Liu clan, "Yuan and Foot" refers to the long rhythm of the second rhyme in The poems of Yuan Shu and Bai Juyi, and the short and medium-length miscellaneous poems that flow through the scenery including Yan Body. The full sentence is literally translated as Su Shi's second nephew of the Liu clan, who failed to live up to the laws and miscellaneous poems of Yuan Shu and Bai Juyi. Here it is a metaphor that he has long left academic research, which is contrary to Fu Sinian's original intention of founding the Central Institute of History and Language of the Republic of China, and has failed to live up to the heavy responsibility of the kingdom's maintenance culture.
In the sentence "Do not pick apple flowers is free", "apple" is the traditional character for "apple", which refers to a perennial aquatic fern with its stem lying horizontally in shallow water mud. The whole sentence reverses the poetic meaning of "spring wind is infinitely XiaoXiangyi, and it is not free to pick apple flowers" in Liu Zongyuan's "Reward Cao Shu Yu Yu Xiang Xiang Zhi Xiang Here it is a metaphor that he does not need a position in the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, but only pursues the idea of freedom.
Based on the background of his own students and assistants as "revolutionary emissaries" who persuaded him to become the director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, the poem flexibly used the classics in Ouyang Xiu's "GuitianLu" and Su Shi's "Liu's Second Nephew's Request for Handwriting", and cleverly used the verses in Liu Zongyuan's "Reward Cao Shu Yu Yu Xiang County SeeIng" as a new classic, indicating that since he had failed to live up to Fu Sinian's original intention of founding the Central Institute of History and Philology of the Republic of China, he would not accept the position in the Beijing Academy of Sciences and only pursue "the spirit of independence and the idea of freedom".
This poem once again shows his lifelong pursuit of "independent spirit, free thought", and in the Chinese mainland of 1953, it is indeed a shocking Hong Zhong Dalu.
(All photos are downloaded online)