Emperor Cao Rui of Wei ming had a mixed reputation, saying that he was faint, absurd and extravagant, daxing palace, unknown people, nepotism, passing on the throne to young sons, and entrusting orphans and non-people, which was also evidence.
It is said that he is wise, clearly observes and breaks prison, chooses zhongliang, abandons flashiness, is lenient in punishment, is good at military planning, tolerates blunt words, and is also a temporary master.
Emperor Weiming's military prowess was underestimated
The Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui in the film and television drama
When Emperor Ming of Wei ascended the throne, Lu Xun told Sun Quan that Cao Rui "chose Zhongliang, lenient punishment, bo favors, and bo fu provincial service to please the people", and under such a monarchy, it was probably more difficult to disintegrate the State of Wei than cao Cao was at that time.
Sun Quan was not impressed, and said to Zhuge Jin, "Bo Yan (Lu Xun) is often better than ji school, and I am afraid that this matter is also short. ”
He believes, Pi is, and it is not enough. It is better to be in this way than to be pi, and it is better to be than to be. He also criticized Cao Rui for the mistake of employing people, reusing Chen Qun and Cao Zhen, either literati students or noble relatives of the clan, who could control the Xiongcai Tiger and would compete for the world.
Sun Quan prophesied that "today we are young and weak, and we follow others and things", which will inevitably lead to four or five powerful ministers forming gangs and factions, holding power, and turning to each other, which is in danger.
Sun Quan's fulfillment of these words in his successor Cao Fang is another matter, but this evaluation of Cao Rui is very unobjective, even absurd.
Pei Songzhi's note on the Three Kingdoms could not be seen, and he wrote a criticism, "Songzhi thought that Emperor Wei Ming was the lord of the ming for a while, and the government was out of his own hands, and Sun Quan's theory was actually no sign." ”
Although Chen Qun and Cao Zhen were scholars and relatives of the clan, they were also named by Cao Pi to assist the government, and they were indeed heroic in the world.
Cao Rui was over twenty years old when he ascended the throne, there was no "doubt about the lord and the young country", and then he was in power, there was no "different authority" and "following people and things", even the scheming Sima Yi was willing to be driven.
Whether Cao Rui is inferior to Cao Pi is also debatable, and the thesis is indeed not enough, but military talent may be better than Cao Pi.
Cao Pi once criticized Liu Bei for not understanding the art of war, "If you don't know the soldiers, how can there be a seven-hundred-mile battalion that can resist the enemy!" 'The soldiers are birds of the enemy', this soldier is also jealous. "Successfully predicted the defeat of Liu Bei's Yiling."
Speaking of Cao Rui's military prowess, Emperor Shi Zaiming "moved the crowd, decided on major matters, plotted against his subjects, and obeyed the emperor's general strategy" (Wang Shen's Book of Wei). The following examples can be supported:
(i)
In 226, when Emperor Ming of Wei had just ascended the throne, Sun Quan took advantage of Wei's state mourning and raided Jiangxia, and Taishou Wenping insisted. Emperor Wei Mingdi believed that the Wu army was good at water warfare, and the reason why they dared to attack the city on land this time was only to take advantage of the fact that our army was not ready to carry out a sneak attack. Sure enough, by the time Xun Yu, who had been ordered to comfort the border guards, and gathered a thousand people on foot and horsemen to rush to Jiangxia, Sun Quan had already retreated.
(ii)
In the second year of Emperor Wei's reign, Zhuge Liang made his first northern expedition, and the three counties of Tianshui, Nan'an, and Anding responded to the rebellion. According to Wang Shen's "Book of Wei", "It was the courtiers of the time who did not know the plan", and everyone had nothing to do, but Emperor Wei Ming said: The Shu kingdom was enough to hold on to the dangers of mountains and rivers, but now it is out of the Northern Expedition and "sends people's heads", which is in line with the "art of giving people" ("Sun Tzu Virtual Reality": "Those who are good at war, they will not be able to kill people." Moreover, Zhuge Liang was greedy for the three counties, and if he knew that he would not retreat, the Shu army would undoubtedly be defeated. Therefore, Emperor Ming of Wei ordered Cao Zhen to lead 50,000 soldiers and horses to attack, and Zhuge Liang was defeated by the humiliated street pavilion.
(iii)
The attached Xianbei Budu Root secretly colluded with the Xianbei Bu Neng Department outside the Sai, and stabbed Shi Bi on the table, requesting an army to fight, and externally it could shine on the Kebi Neng, and internally it could deter the Budu Root. After Receiving the Recital, Emperor Wei Ming said that BuDugen was lured by Kebi, and he was already suspicious, and now that Bi Wase was sending troops, he could only make the two parts merge into one, so what was the role of Wei Zhen? Hurry up and order Bi Rail to send troops cautiously and not to cross the border plug. However, by the time the edict arrived, Bi Lu had already dispatched troops to chase after Xianbei, and as a result, the troops were lost, and the Budogen tribe all defected out of the saiwai and joined forces with Kebineng.
(iv)
In 234, Zhuge Liang and Sun Quan simultaneously went on a northern expedition, Sima Yi led an army to defend the western front, and Emperor Ming of Wei personally conquered the eastern front. Emperor Ming of Wei issued an edict to Sima Yi, "But jianbi refused to defend to frustrate his front, and he could not advance, retreated without fighting, and if he stopped for a long time, he ran out of food, and if he did not gain anything, he would go away." Go and chase, to wait for work, the way to total victory. Sima Yi was provoked several times to pose as if he were going to fight, but he was stopped by Xin Bijie's edict.
On the eastern front, Sun Quan personally approached the mouth of Chaohu Lake and attacked the new city of Hefei, and sent lu xun and Sun Shao to lead more than 10,000 people to invade Huai and Qiu. Man Yu planned to abandon the new city to guard Shouchun, but Emperor Wei Ming did not allow it. He believed that the Wei border defense was placed in Hefei in the east, Xiangyang in the south, and Qishan in the west, these three cities could be defeated under the city every time, it was a place of contention, Sun Quan would certainly not be able to break through the new city of Hefei, as long as the generals insisted, waiting for me to drive the conquest, maybe I have not yet arrived, Sun Quan has already retired. Sure enough, everything was as Emperor Wei Mingdi expected.
After Sun Quan withdrew, Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang still had a standoff, and the Qunchen suggested that the grand driver be sent to Chang'an, but Emperor Wei Ming refused. He analyzed that Sun Quan had retreated, Zhuge Liang had broken his guts, Sima Yi could naturally resist him, and I had no worries. As a result, Zhuge Liang failed to persevere, and died of illness, and the Shu army returned.
(5)
In September 238, the Shu Han Yin Ping Taishou Liao Huan (Liao Hua) attacked Wei, and the famous general Guo Huai sent Guangwei Taishou Wang Yun and Nan'an Taishou You Yi to fight, and wrote to himself boasting that Wang Yun and You Yi had divided their troops and besieged them, and the enemy army was broken. After receiving the report, Emperor Wei Ming only said four words, "The military situation is evil!" "Hurry up and order Guo Huai to order you Yi's battalions not to be too scattered, and those who did not occupy the main points were withdrawn to places with convenient terrain." However, before the edict was delivered, You Yi had already been broken by Liao, and Wang Yun was also killed by an arrow.
(6)
When Sima Yi attacked Gongsun Yuan, he sent an army of 40,000 men. The ministers all believed that there were too many soldiers forty thousand soldiers, and the cost of service was difficult to pay. Emperor Wei Mingdi said that although the four-thousand-mile long-distance expedition is a surprise soldier, it should also be painstakingly exhausted, and should not be considered for military expenses. When Sima Yi arrived in Liaodong, he encountered heavy rain and could not attack, and the Qunchen thought that it was impossible to defeat Gongsun Yuan in one battle, and sima Yi should be summoned back. Emperor Ming of Wei said, "Sima Yi is in danger of changing the situation, and the capture of Yuan can be counted for a day." "As expected.
With the "Ming" of Emperor Ming, why did he entrust Sima Yi to be isolated?
The fall of the State of Wei began with Cao Pi. Cao Pi, the Emperor of Wei on the Map of The Emperors of the Past Dynasties
Emperor Wei Ming's military ability was indeed like a god, but unfortunately, when he was alone, he looked at the wrong person and buried the Cao family. It is not entirely reasonable to say that Emperor Wei Ming buried the State of Wei.
The fall of the State of Wei began with Cao Pi.
To ask Emperor Wei why He entrusted Sima Yi, he had to first ask Emperor Wei what emperor had left behind for his son.
Cao Pi experienced the dictatorship of foreign relatives and the rebellion of eunuchs at the end of the Han Dynasty, leaving a ban that "eunuchs are not allowed to pass the orders of various bureaus" and "the family of the hou clan is not allowed to serve as an auxiliary government", and he also experienced the struggle for concubines, for the narrow-mindedness of the people, did not allow the king of the clan to enter the capital, leaving a ban that "the king of the clan is not allowed to assist the government", and the princes were also monitored in the fiefdom. The prohibition of eunuchs can still be used as a model for hundreds of generations, but it prevents women from interfering in the government and assisting the king of the clan, so that both the hou clan and the royal family are reduced to captive waste, and once there is a problem, there will be no one to serve the king. When The Patriarch Cao Ran wrote to Cao Shuang, he spoke very thoroughly, but unfortunately Cao Shuang could not listen to it.
Chen Shou commented: "The prince of the Wei clan, who has the name of the land in vain, but also has no social principle, is forbidden to guard against the barrier, the same as the prison; the title is fixed, the size is easy; the flesh and bones are obedient, and the righteousness of the constant di is abolished." For the disadvantages of the law, as far as this is concerned! ”
Sima Yi in film and television dramas
At the time of Cao Pi's death, the ministers were Cao Zhen, Chen Qun, Cao Xiu, and Sima Yi, all of whom were entrusted with the will to assist the 22-year-old Cao Rui.
In the battle of Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, Sima Yi sided with Cao Pi, so when Cao Cao wanted to get rid of Sima Yi, it was Cao Pi who defended Sima Yi.
Cao Cao felt that Sima Yi was difficult to control and did not want to pass on this time bomb to his son, but Cao Pi gladly accepted it and passed it on to his son as a national treasure.
When Cao Rui died, his father's retained vassals Cao Zhen, Chen Qun, and Cao Xiu all died, leaving only one Sima Yi, and Sima Yi had been promoted to the rank of lieutenant and the supreme commander in charge of the military.
When Cao Rui was there, he was still able to let Sima Yi go to Shubian, resist Sun Quan Zhuge Liang, and crusade against Gongsun Yuan, but he still felt that Sima Yi was a good person, so who did he choose?
If there was no Sima Yi among Cao Rui's original orphan ministers, it shows that he had doubts about Sima Yi, and look at who he entrusted to the orphans?
"Liu Fang's Biography": "Emperor Yu wanted to make Yan Wangyu a general, and the leading general Xiahou Xian, the Wuwei general Cao Shuang, the Tun Riding Colonel Cao Zhao, and the Xiao cavalry general Qin Lang jointly assisted the government." ”
Cao Yu, the King of Yan, was the last emperor Cao Yu and his father, sitting and watching Wei die, doing nothing. No wonder he insisted on not being entrusted with isolation, Liu Fang and Sun Zi also said: "King Yan really knows that he is not up to the task. Moreover, when the King of Yan made plans for Emperor Ming, he also suggested summoning Sima Yi to return to the imperial government. Cao Shuang's straw bag was a bit ambitious, but in the Gaopingling Incident, he was not naïve and stupid to tie his hands.
Xiahou Xian was unknown, and Cao Zhao, who was handsome and handsome, was deeply favored by Emperor Ming of Wei and "slept in Hengtong". Qin Lang is Cao Cao's adopted son, and his birth mother is the woman Guan Yu wants to get, and presumably he has inherited his fucking beauty. Although he did not stop saying a word, nor did he elect a good person, he was also greedy for money and bribes, and he was still favored by Emperor Wei Ming. According to Liu Fang's report, Emperor Wei Ming had just fallen ill, and Cao Zhao, Qin Lang, and others flirted with the talents who were serving the sick.
By the time he was terminally ill, Emperor Wei was completely unconscious, losing his free will and judgment. He first said that he would use the Yan King to assist the government, Liu Fang and Sun Zi would use Cao Shuang and Sima Yi instead, and Cao Zhao, who cried, also called a halt to the edict. Liu Fang and Sun Zi went to counsel again, and Emperor Wei Ming agreed again, saying that he was too tired and sleepy to write down the edict. Liu Fang and Sun Zi grabbed Emperor Wei's hand and forcibly wrote an edict to depose Cao Yu and Cao Zhao.
The film and television drama restores the scene of Emperor Wei Ming's will
Emperor Wei Ming's edict could be said to have lost his full capacity, and he had no choice.
The first emperor banned, to guard against the hou clan and the royal family, the prince Hou Si was not allowed to cloth, the king of the clan was not allowed and no one could defend the royal family, he did not have a choice.
Endured death and waited until Sima Yi returned, the finger child was orphaned, compared to other auxiliary ministers, Sima Yi was too good, and Emperor Wei Ming still did not have a choice.
Cover news reporter Wen Kanglin
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