Recently, the Shantou Municipal Party Committee and the Shantou Municipal Government have formulated an in-depth research work plan with a view to "asking for ways and finding solutions" for the Shantou Special Economic Zone.
Do a good job of in-depth research, "ask" and "seek" are the key words - finding problems and finding a way to solve them is the focus. The Shantou Special Economic Zone wants to "catch up", so what needs to be caught up? For Shantou, what is the most urgent question for development at present, and what kind of road should be taken? These problems are the direction of Shantou's "pathfinding" and are also the focus of attention of all parties.
To this end, the reporter of Nanfang Daily held a dialogue with Chen Hongyu, former vice president and professor of the Party School of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, to explore the "road that should be sought" in Shantou.
Professor Chen Hongyu.
What Shantou needs to catch up with is the spirit of the special zone and the quality of the development of the special zone
Nanfang Daily: Could you please talk about what are the most urgent questions to be answered in Shantou's current development, and what kind of road to take?
Chen Hongyu: Shantou is one of the earliest treaty ports opened to the outside world in Guangdong Province, and it is also one of the first special zones, which has been open for 160 years and has a very long history. For this old city, new vitality is needed. Shantou must "catch up" and realize the "new vitality of the old city" by answering two questions.
First of all, it is necessary to clarify what Shantou needs to catch up with, that is, the question of who to compare with. This year marks the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the special economic zone, and in the process of reviewing and comparing, some people say that the development of the special economic zone is differentiated, and the Shantou special economic zone belongs to the special zone with a relatively slow development speed, not a successful special zone. This view is not correct. Shantou, like several other special zones, is a window, exploring, and making contributions.
Shantou cannot and the other three special economic zones, especially the three special economic zones of Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Xiamen, simply compare the total GDP, the per capita GDP, and the fiscal revenue. Because the resource endowment conditions, location conditions, transportation and other infrastructure conditions of each special economic zone are different from the original industrial base level, the size is not the same, and the policies enjoyed have also produced various differences, so it cannot be simply compared with the total economic volume and income level.
Shantou wants to "catch up," not to catch up with the total economic aggregates, not to catch up with certain important economic indicators. What Shantou needs to catch up with is the spirit of the special economic zone and the quality of the development of the special economic zone, and what it needs to catch up with is how far it is from the requirements and standards of the central authorities for the establishment of special economic zones, and where the gap is. This is the question that Shantou has to think about "catching up".
Second, we must clarify where the gap in Shantou is. The central government has put forward five basic positions for the future development of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone: high-quality development highland, rule of law city demonstration, urban civilization model, people's livelihood happiness benchmark, and sustainable development pioneer.
Obviously, Shantou cannot simply compare with Shenzhen to these high standards, but should proceed from the actual situation in Shantou and clarify what aspects Shenzhen is doing now that Shantou has not yet achieved. In the opinions of the central government on supporting Shenzhen to build a pioneering demonstration zone of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it is believed that "the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, as an important window of China's reform and opening up, has made remarkable achievements in various undertakings and has become an international and innovative city full of charm, motivation, vitality and innovation". The gap between the four "forces" of "charm, power, vitality and innovation" is the gap between Shantou and Shenzhen and other special zones.
Shantou's desire to build itself into a "vibrant special zone, a hometown of overseas Chinese in the United States, and a pearl of eastern Guangdong" also shows that "vitality" is the concentrated embodiment of the city's comprehensive strength; and "vitality" is supported by charm, motivation and creativity.
Therefore, during the in-depth investigation, I personally believe that Shantou should strive to conduct in-depth research around the four aspects of "how is the vitality of Shantou", "how is the driving force of Shantou", "how is the charm of Shantou", and "how is the creativity of Shantou", looking for gaps, finding the reasons behind the problems, and thus making more accurate countermeasures.
Focus on "vitality", "power", "charm" and "creativity" to find the grasp of Shantou's development
Nanfang Daily: What aspects can be used as the main starting point for Shantou's current development? And what aspects need to be considered far-reaching and worked for a long time?
Chen Hongyu: Guangdong Province should build a new pattern of regional development of "one nuclear, one belt and one region", and Shantou should build the most dynamic special economic zone and an important development pole of the modern coastal economic belt, and accelerate the construction of a provincial sub-central city. The positioning is clear enough, and the goals and directions are also very clear.
Shantou should focus on "vitality", "motivation", "charm" and "creativity" to find the causes one by one by the problems, and find the grasp of Shantou's development from these "four forces".
"Vitality" includes economic vitality, social vitality, market vitality, cultural vitality, and the vitality of the government itself. To think about what areas lack vitality and why institutional mechanisms are the causes? Is it the reason for government services? Is it the reason why the infrastructure conditions and traffic location itself are not ideal? Or is it the reason for the lack, disconnection, less and dispersion of the industrial chain and the supply chain itself? These reasons have to be looked for one by one.
The foundation of Shantou is very good, but the government, society, market, and enterprises have not formed a joint force, and if the joint force is not enough, the vitality will not appear. Sometimes there is vitality in some aspects, and other aspects hinder each other, but the vitality is canceled out. Many new things like vitality must be let go of the market, let the enterprises, and let the people create.
The city of Shantou is very charming, chaoshan culture, overseas Chinese culture has a long history, urban construction and folk customs are very distinctive. But in the eyes of many outsiders, the charm of Shantou seems to be only "food". A charming city, not just beef balls, kung fu tea on the line, the more the charm of Shantou is fully displayed, everyone will love the city more and have more confidence.
At present, Shantou's cultural charm and urban charm lack top-level design, overall planning and coordinated construction. Can Shantou establish an expert committee on urban cultural construction planning to carry out a long-term plan for Shantou culture, including urban culture and overseas Chinese culture, for 10, 20 or even 30 years? Shantou's history of revolution, construction, and reform and opening up all lack some historical and cultural excavations, and this excavation cannot rely solely on non-governmental forces, but the government must also make efforts to study culture.
One of the main experiences of the special economic zones in the past 40 years is that they have always persisted in emancipating their minds, advancing with the times, and carrying out market-oriented economic structural reforms, thus achieving a historic leap from economic structural reform to comprehensively deepening reform. At the beginning of the establishment of the Shantou Special Economic Zone, many reform measures leading the country were created, and in the last 30 years, no more reform experience in leading, important areas and key links in the country was created. Therefore, in the re-departure of the Shantou Special Economic Zone, it is necessary to find a driving force in carrying forward the spirit of the special zone of "daring to try, daring to be the first, and immersing oneself in hard work", and in importing and promoting the market-oriented reform of factors and improving the government's governance service level.
Among the high-tech enterprises at or above the provincial level in Guangdong Province, the number of high-tech enterprises in Shantou is the sum of the four cities of Zhanjiang, Maoming, Chaozhou and Jieyang. Therefore, Shantou is talented and creative. However, compared with other special zones, creativity still needs to be improved in terms of increasing innovation investment, building a strong science and technology innovation platform, and promoting the transformation of scientific research achievements.
Industrial upgrading + innovation drive to help Shantou's high-quality development
Nanfang Daily: In the topic of "promoting high-quality economic development", Shantou proposed to carry out "the cultivation and expansion of emerging pillar industries" and "the transformation and upgrading of traditional advantageous industries". Could you please talk about what aspects of Shantou's industrial restructuring and optimization should be investigated? What support conditions are necessary for the upgrade adjustment?
Chen Hongyu: Looking at the whole province, among the cities in the north, west and north of Guangdong and the non-Pearl River Delta, Shantou has the highest level of industrialization. There are now 3,000 textile industries in Chaonan, Shantou, with an annual output value of about 60 billion yuan. The "Shantou Development Zone Master Plan" issued this year proposes that Chaonan should build a textile and garment industry cluster of more than 100 billion yuan and a fine chemical industry cluster of more than 2 billion yuan.
Therefore, you have your sun and moon, I have my starry sky, Shantou can rely on private enterprises, rely on private capital, rely on overseas Chinese capital, rely on social capital, rely on foreign capital to go out of a manufacturing cluster with tens of billions of output value, which is Shantou's advantage and the vitality of Shantou's economic development.
On the one hand, Shantou's development must focus on the transformation and upgrading of traditional advantageous industries, which can not only maintain stability, employment, income and consumption, but also give better play to Shantou's existing traditional advantages, stimulate the new vitality of Shantou's tide merchants, and make the original traditional industries excellent; on the other hand, we must make every effort to find new development projects and concentrate on breakthroughs. There are four main points in this:
Industrial development depends on high technology. The textile industry, toy industry and chemical industry are the traditional industries of Shantou, and if they are driven by innovation, they will become Shantou's dominant traditional industries and high-tech industries.
In other words, to achieve high-quality economic development, Shantou must walk on two legs: one is to rely on the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries with advantages, and the other is to rely on innovation.com. For example, the textile industry from fabrics, textile machinery to clothing and apparel design, sales services must be given high-tech content; the toy industry to go intelligent, to digital, so as to extend to animation, TV series, movies, electronic CNC and other new formats, and even to do national and even international toy standards, to grasp the right to speak; the advantage of fine chemicals is not to compete for the first process of the petrochemical industry refining, but to explore the possibility of extending the surrounding industrial chain.
Industries should be clustered for development. Clusters like toy industries that have been established should be concentrated in the park. Only by entering the park can we make good use of high technology, improve the allocation of resources and output efficiency, and make the entire industrial chain and supply chain more closely linked; can we free up more land to develop new industries.
In order to seek development breakthroughs, we must strive to cultivate new pillar industries. It is not enough to rely on the original three major industries of clothing, chemical industry and toys in Shantou, and it is necessary to benchmark the overall planning of the ten strategic pillar industries and the ten strategic emerging industries in Guangdong Province, and find industries that can be landed in Shantou.
It is necessary to keep up with the trend of the times and cultivate a new generation of electronic information industry, green petrochemical, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, and biomedicine. At present, these five aspects have development prospects, how to create conditions valued by investors, need Shantou's own efforts, but also need the support of the state and provinces, including Shenzhen.
Industrial development requires the integration of land resources and overall planning and utilization. The reason for the lack of projects is the lack of land: without large projects, there is no land use scale and land use indicators; without land use scale and land use indicators, it is impossible to attract large projects. This is a strange circle that cannot be bypassed, and the key to breaking the game lies in breaking through the entire manufacturing space layout.
Another profound meaning of high-quality development is to make good use of Shantou's limited and valuable land resources with high quality, intensively and economically, and to integrate the existing land resources, integrate scattered, fragmented, and unspecified parks at all levels, and free up park land that can truly develop modern manufacturing and build and utilize them in a three-dimensional manner. In addition, it is also necessary to consider the overall situation so that the industry can really enter the park.
Scientific and technological innovation + market-oriented reform to help Shantou innovate and develop
Nanfang Daily: In 2015, you conducted in-depth grassroots research on the hot and difficult issue of "innovation-driven development" in Guangdong Province, so for Shantou, what are the major difficulties in innovation and development?
Chen Hongyu: Scientific and technological innovation requires institutional reform. Shantou's scientific and technological innovation should be integrated into the province's Greater Bay Area and the whole country as soon as possible, and even the global supply chain, industrial chain, price chain, and innovation chain, and shantou itself cannot provide more scientific research results that can be transformed. How to introduce and make good use of the results, how to introduce and use talents and talent teams, behind them are all problems of the system. Therefore, it is particularly important to reform the existing scientific and technological innovation system.
Shantou should explore market-oriented reforms and strengthen the status of enterprises as the main body of technological innovation. Technology is an important key. It is not enough and insufficient to rely on the government to think about how to innovate, and enterprises are the main body of innovation. In accordance with the requirements of the state, Shantou should make new explorations in the marketization of the three links of scientific research achievements, scientific research fund allocation and use, and scientific research achievement evaluation.
Shantou should establish a number of platforms, including provincial laboratories and research institutes, integrate clear functions, and hand them over to scientific research workers to handle. To do basic research, we must have a long-term ideological realm.
Shantou should explore more, open up and invigorate the integration of scientific research results and industrial transformation with high-quality economic development. For example, in the treatment of professional title evaluation, qualification recognition, promotion of technical positions, and the ownership and use rights that technology inventors themselves should have, we must enter the market, and we can use the legislative authority of the Shantou Special Administrative Region to explore. For measures that can transform and utilize scientific research achievements and revitalize society, government departments should give more green lights in accordance with the requirements of the central and provincial documents, and change the situation that some departments have too much intervention in the market, enterprises, and scientific research teams.
[Reporter] Wang Hanqi
【Author】 Wang Hanqi
【Source】 Southern Press Media Group South + client
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