What is Project Cost Control? 6 dimensions for you to answer in detail

01Understand the problems that exist at work

1. Insufficient understanding of investment control in the design

2. The cost control link is disjointed

At present, the investment management of capital construction projects adopts a segmented management method, and the corresponding estimates, budgets and settlements are also prepared in sections. The design unit is generally responsible for the preliminary design budget and construction drawing budget, and some also prepare estimates, but the settlement is generally not involved, resulting in a disconnect in investment control. Now new materials, new equipment is constantly updated, the price is constantly changing, the quota adjustment lags behind, the binding force on the project cost is reduced, the budget and the settlement gap is constantly increasing, if the design unit does not strive to understand the actual project cost, the quality of the previous stage of cost preparation is not compared, analyzed, in order to accumulate experience, in the future work encountered the same problem can not make a breakthrough, can not further improve the ability to control the cost.

3. The combination of technology and economy is insufficient

For a long time, in the field of engineering construction, it is a common phenomenon that engineering design and investment control are not closely linked. When it comes to design, everyone inevitably thinks that it is the responsibility of the designer; When it comes to cost control, it is assumed that it is the job of the budget estimator. In actual work, it is generally the designer who conducts on-site investigation, selects the scheme and designs according to the design power of attorney. At different stages of design, different preparation conditions are provided to budget estimators for project valuation or budgeting. However, the budget estimators have little understanding of the general situation of the project and the on-site situation, and cannot fully consider various influencing factors, which leaves hidden dangers for the investment breakthrough control.

Therefore, in our work, we must overcome the one-sided emphasis on economy and ignore the rationality of technology, and at the same time oppose the phenomena of emphasizing technology, ignoring economy, and designing conservatively and wastefully. Designers and economic personnel should work closely together, participate from the source of the project, do a good job in the technical and economic comparison of multiple schemes, and work hard to reduce and control the project investment. In the design process, the economic personnel should analyze and compare the project investment in a timely manner, feedback the cost information, and actively influence the design, so that the design scheme can meet the production requirements under the premise of complete functions and more reasonable equipment selection, so as to save investment. Click here to receive 800G project dry goods for free.

02 Do a good job of collecting basic information in the investment decision-making stage

The operation of any project is to start from scratch, collect some basic information through certain surveys and researches, and then plan the project. As a budget estimator, to do a good job in the investment forecast of the project, it also needs a lot of basic information, such as the water circuit status of the project location, geological conditions, the price information of the main materials and equipment, the procurement of bulk materials and the existing similar engineering data, and collect more data for the project of economic evaluation, such as the power supply project to collect the price information of the main and auxiliary equipment for price prediction, and collect the price of various production consumption materials and raw coal. Regardless of the source, the budget estimators should carefully analyze the accuracy and reliability of the data to ensure accuracy and ensure the accuracy of investment forecasts and economic analysis.

For example, the exploration costs and ground material prices provided by the construction unit should not be used blindly, but should be compared, proofread and analyzed horizontally and vertically according to the local quota level, similar engineering data and relevant price information, and the construction unit or on-site evidence should be collected in a timely manner when encountering problems. In the work, if the information provided by the designer is not very detailed, such as the cost of land acquisition, demolition compensation, construction measures to be incurred in the project, the budget estimator should consult the designer or the construction unit on these issues, and there can be no missing items or missing items to ensure that the project cost is fully controlled.

03Strengthen the control of the main factors affecting investment

The technical and economic decisions in the investment decision have a significant impact on the project cost, and some even affect the entire life cycle of the project, especially the selection of the plant area and site, the selection of the financing scheme, the determination of the technological process, the selection of materials and equipment, and the determination of the construction standard, which have a greater impact on the project cost. The budget estimator should participate in the discussion of the main plan, work together with the designer when necessary, work closely with the designer, do a good job in the technical and economic analysis and comparison of multiple schemes, carry out pre-control, actively influence the design, and select the best scheme with advanced technology and reasonable economy.

The principle of value engineering should be widely used in the process of program optimization. Value engineering takes into account both function and cost, and strives to achieve the necessary functions and improve product value with the lowest life cycle cost. Value engineering focuses on the quality and cost of the greater impact of the research and development stage of the work, the technical problems and economic problems are organically combined, the specific work should be based on the actual situation of the project, the selection of the function or cost reduction potential of the object, can be an engineering project, can also be a complete single or unit project, analysis and improvement. After selecting the object, through the functional system analysis, cost analysis, and finally through the value analysis to obtain the value coefficient, we can determine the optimal solution. Generally speaking. The lowest cost is not necessarily the best solution, the key is to look at the value coefficient, in this way, through value engineering, we can ensure the necessary engineering costs, eliminate unnecessary functional costs, and play a controlling role in the project cost.

04 Earnestly implement the quota design and fundamentally eliminate the "three excesses"

The quota design is based on the construction scale, construction content and construction standards determined by the approval of the project feasibility study report, and the engineering design is carried out within the investment estimate limit to improve the economic benefits of the investment. The implementation of quota design is conducive to properly handling the antagonistic and unified relationship between technology and economy and improving the quality of design. Rather, it contains the practical content of respecting science, respecting reality, seeking truth from facts, carefully designing and ensuring scientificity, which can prompt the design unit to strengthen the opposition and unity of technology and economy. Overcome the long-standing thinking of emphasizing technology over economy. Establishing a high sense of responsibility for designers is conducive to strengthening the designers' awareness of project cost and reversing the out-of-control phenomenon of the design budget itself.

The quota design can promote the design unit to form an organic whole with the budget estimate, overcome the disconnect between each other, so as to enhance everyone's economic concept, in the whole design process, check the cost of the specialty, and do a good job in cost control.

In the specific design process, the total investment is controlled in stages according to the design procedure, so that it runs through the feasibility study, preliminary design, technical design and construction drawing design, forming longitudinal control; In each design stage, the investment is decomposed according to each specialty, and the block limit is divided into units and specialties to form horizontal control. In this way, horizontal control and vertical control are combined, and the responsibility is implemented to the person. It enables designers to change from "drawing and calculating" to "calculating and drawing", and fundamentally solves the "three supers" phenomenon that has not been effectively eliminated for a long time. However, advocating quota design is not simply the pursuit of reducing costs, we should adhere to science, use optimized design to closely integrate technology and economy, and strive to create maximum benefits with the least input through technical comparison, economic analysis and effect evaluation.

In addition, from the perspective of the construction unit, the funds invested are limited after all, his purpose is to achieve economic benefits through the construction of the project, and the task of design is to use the limited funds of the construction unit to reasonably determine the project standard and scale, ensure the implementation of the project, and protect the economic interests of the construction unit. In this sense, the quota design is more concerned by the construction unit.

To do a good job in the design of quotas, higher requirements have been put forward for technical and economic personnel, and technology and economy should cooperate closely, do a good job as the staff officer of the person in charge of project design, reasonably obtain the basic information of the estimated budget, realize the control of the estimated budget indicators, and assist in the comprehensive balance and coordination of investment between various specialties. Control of investment limits is achieved. At the same time, the control of design scale, design standards, project quantity and other aspects is realized.

05Gradually implement the bidding in the engineering design stage

As an important means of procurement and competition under the market economy, the bidding system has been accepted and adopted by people. The use of the bidding system in engineering design will promote designers to enhance their risk awareness, improve the design level and economic accounting quality, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing design. In the design bidding work, not only the scheme design stage is completed through bidding, but also the technical design or construction drawing design needs to introduce a competition mechanism, so that each design stage is completed through competition. In this way, if the design unit does not strive for perfection in every detail, it may be defeated. In the bid evaluation, the ingenuity and novelty of the design concept, the advantages and disadvantages of the engineering design scheme, the economy and rationality of the investment estimate, the design schedule, and the design organization plan of the bidder are mainly evaluated. Through technical comparison, economic analysis and effect evaluation, we strive to choose the design bidding unit that is economically reasonable under the condition of advanced technology, ensures advanced technology under the condition of economic reasonableness, pays attention to the unique and beautiful shape under the premise of satisfying the use function, and creates the greatest economic benefits with the least investment.

06 Do a good job in the collection and sorting of project cost data

Collection, accumulation of project cost data is an important basic work of cost management, foreign cost departments attach great importance to the accumulation of completed project data and database construction, and have a unified collection and management model, they believe that this can "no longer repeat the mistakes that have been made". As a design unit, through the collection and accumulation of cost data, it can provide conditions for the dynamic management of project cost, provide us with investment decision-making information for construction projects, and provide bidding and quotation basis for us to participate in market competition, so that our bidding quotation is fast and accurate.

To do a good job in the collection and sorting of project cost data, it should be taken as an important basic work to grasp, establish a cost data accumulation system, and realize the standardization, normalization and management of the microcomputer system. Each time the budget estimator is responsible for a project, after the completion of the project cost data should be entered into the microcomputer management system in a unified format in a timely manner, so as to provide reference information for similar projects in the future.

The accumulation of project cost data should generally include the following specific contents:

(1) For different types of projects, list the individual projects and unit projects they contain.

(2) The basic situation of the project. Some of them are the project name, location, type, construction unit, floor area, and other information that is common to any project. The other part should be parametric for different types of projects.

(3) The main parameters of individual projects and unit projects in the composition structure of each project.

(4) The cost of each project, that is, the cost data of a single project and the budget, settlement and final account data of the unit project. If there is a phenomenon of "three supers", the reason for analysis should be indicated. For reference in future use.

(5) The amount and price of main equipment and materials.

(6) The main sub-project quantity of each unit in a journey. Because the engineering quantity is more stable than the price, it is more conducive to future replacement.

To sum up, the cost management of the mainland still has the shortcomings of static and lagging from a macro point of view.

The cost control management in the engineering design stage involves a wide range, many links, and is difficult, and the corresponding external environment is not very mature, and there are many defects and deficiencies, which are not conducive to dynamic investment control. This requires the design unit to standardize and systematically do a good job in the accumulation of cost data to provide a scientific basis for project decision-making; Designers and economic personnel should communicate and coordinate with each other, and participate in the competition of the design market with a positive attitude to adapt to the new requirements of cost work. As long as we work together, unify our thinking, improve our understanding, and strengthen management, we will be able to achieve satisfactory results in the cost control in the design stage.

The focus and effect of project cost control in different stages of cost control are completely different, according to the analysis of relevant data, the impact of investment decision-making and preliminary design stage on investment is about 90%, the impact of technical design stage on investment is about 75%, the impact of construction drawing design stage on investment is about 35%, and the impact of the construction stage on investment that people have focused on in the past is only about 10%. Obviously, the key to project cost control lies in the investment decision and design stage before construction. As long as the process, process and plan of the project are determined, the project cost of the project is basically determined. I hope that everyone can gain something from reading.