Some women may encounter some "baldness" problems: obesity, hair loss, menstrual disorders (either do not come once in months, or come and not leave), or even try to conceive for a long time can not be pregnant.
In fact, this is mostly due to a common female disease - polycystic ovary syndrome.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, often referred to simply as "polycystic" or "polycystic ovary", is one of the most common gynecological reproductive endocrine diseases in women of childbearing age.
It is an important cause of menstrual irregularities and excessive androgens in women, generally appearing in puberty to early adulthood (around teens to twenties), with an incidence of 5% to 10%.
Some people think that a superprinting that suggests bilateral ovarian polycystic changes, or polycystic ovary syndrome, is not the case.
Since it is called a syndrome, it indicates that the disease is a synthesis of a series of clinical symptoms.
These include amenorrhea, menstrual disorders, rare or anovulatory ovulation, hirsutism, acne, obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism, and ultrasound showing polycystic changes in the ovaries (many small follicles around the ovaries).
The symptoms of PCOS are diverse, often centered on ovulation disorders, menstrual disturbances, and are accompanied by other manifestations, such as:
Menstrual disorders
Ovulation of the ovaries causes fluctuations in hormone levels in a woman's body, causing the endometrium to grow and fall off regularly, resulting in bleeding, which is what we call menstruation. The core symptom of PCOS is that women will have ovulation disorders, which can lead to menstrual disorders.
Rare menstruation or even amenorrhea: menstrual cycles of more than 35 days, and even several months (at least three consecutive months) do not have a single menstrual period;
Irregular and irregular abnormal bleeding caused by the inability of the endometrium to fall out completely on a regular basis.
Hyperandrogenism
Women with PCOS often experience high androgen symptoms that can cause many inconveniences to daily life, such as:
Facial acne more;
Strong oil secretion;
hyperandrogenemia (increased serum androgen concentration);
Hairy, increased body hair, may be seen above the lips, on the face, around the areola, in the sternal area and along the white line of the lower abdomen, in the pubic anus, etc.;
A small number of women also have clitoral development, hair loss and so on.
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Because women with PCOS often have high blood sugar and insulin metabolism disorders, problems such as overweight, obesity, high body fat percentage, and difficulty in losing weight may occur.
Between 40% and 85% of patients are overweight or obese. Moreover, thin or obese patients may have insulin resistance, that is, decreased sensitivity to insulin, hypoglycemia before meals, etc. These can further aggravate ovulation disorders and make menstruation more disordered.
Difficulty in trying to conceive
Women with POLYCYS have ovulation disorders, often unable to release an egg normally for a long time, or unable to accurately predict their ovulation period as women with regular menstruation, so this part of the women will have difficulty in preparing for pregnancy.
Polycystic ovaries
There are 12 or more follicles with a diameter of 2-9 mm in diameter in each ovary, or the ovarian volume increases (> 10 ml).
It should be reminded that even if there are the above symptoms, it is not immediately diagnosed with polycystic, and can only be considered as a suspected diagnosis, because there are many other endocrine diseases that may cause similar symptoms.
Therefore, if there is a menstrual disorder and other discomfort, it is necessary to go to the reproductive department or obstetrics and gynecology department of a regular hospital to confirm the diagnosis.
Because the cause of POLYOS is unknown, it is mainly symptomatic treatment and requires long-term health management.
Intervention in lifestyle therapy
This treatment is mainly for obese women, giving them weight control and management. You can go to the nutrition department of the hospital for treatment, formulate a targeted personal scientific diet and exercise plan, and reasonably reduce weight.
This can not only alleviate the aggravation of menstrual disorders caused by excessive body fat, but also prevent metabolic diseases (such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, etc.).
In addition, for women with blood sugar and insulin metabolism disorders, medication can be used under the guidance of a doctor for treatment and assisted weight loss.
Treatment of menstrual cycle adjustment
This is mainly aimed at women with menstrual disorders, high androgens, and infertility.
For women with severe menstrual disorders and obvious androgen elevations, long-term oral estrogen and progesterone drugs can be taken by doctors, such as short-acting oral contraceptives Such as Yousmin and Yousiyue.
For women with a long simple menstrual cycle, after examination of the endometrium thickening without shedding, and no serious hyperandrogen manifestations, they can use simple progesterone (progesterone, didrogestrol, etc.) periodically according to the doctor's instructions to play a regular menstrual role.
For women with regular menstruation, such as a menstrual period of about 35-40 days, the symptoms of androgen rise are not serious, and regular physical examination of gynecological ultrasound has not found endometrial abnormalities, and it is also possible to not use drugs and regularly observe and follow up.
Some women may gradually "heal themselves" after the age of 35
Some women will gradually become regular after the age of 35, and the hair on their bodies and acne on their faces will gradually improve. This may be due to the combined effect of natural decline in ovarian function due to age, apoptosis of ovarian granulocytes and follicular membrane cells, hormones that inhibit follicle development, and decreased androgen secretion.