Author: Li Jiaxin, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital
Aunt Wang: How do I have 2 menstruations a month
Aunt Li: My period has not been clean for half a month
Aunt Lin: I haven't had menstruation for months, I thought I was menopause, how there was sudden bleeding, and the amount was particularly large
Doctor: You all belong to menopausal abnormal uterine bleeding, commonly known as menstrual disorders, need to come to the hospital for treatment
The uterus is a symbol of women, she gives birth to life, and is also an important embodiment of metabolism. If the uterus is sick, then the first signal is "abnormal bleeding."
What is abnormal uterine bleeding?
1. The menstrual volume exceeds the normal range of 5-80ml, and some women show drip bleeding and black color, and some show massive bleeding, accompanied by a large number of blood clots, and dizziness.
2. The menstrual cycle exceeds the normal range for 21-35 days, and some women show that the menstrual cycle is significantly shortened, with 2 menstruations in a month, and some are manifested as menstruation once a month.
3. The menstrual period exceeds the normal range for 3-7 days, and the menstrual period is inexhaustible or irregular bleeding, and the amount is more and less.
What causes menopausal menstrual disorders?
1. As women age, the number of follicles gradually decreases, the functional area of the ovaries fails, and ovulation abnormalities occur.
2. Women from infants, puberty, fertility and finally to menopause, many diseases to this period of development to a certain stage of abnormal uterine bleeding, such as uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, cervical diseases and so on.
3, many women placed in the IUD, to the perimenopause most of them are close to or beyond the service life, may induce blood, even if there is no abnormal bleeding after menopause, you also need to remove the IUD, to avoid incarceration after the difficulty of removal, and even lead to uterine perforation.
4. A small number of people are bleeding due to pregnancy-related bleeding or hematologic diseases.
What tests do I need to do when I have symptoms of menstrual disorders?
1. Blood test: sex hormones, thyroid function, HCG, blood routine, coagulation test.
2. Gynecological ultrasonography: to understand the thickness of the endometrium, whether there are endometrial polyps, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, ovarian tumors.
3. Cervical cancer screening: TCT and HPV to exclude bleeding caused by cervical diseases.
4. Hysteroscopy: when the doctor deems it necessary, he will recommend that the patient improve hysteroscopy + diagnostic curettage to determine whether there are lesions in the endometrium.
What are the means of treatment for menopausal menstrual disorders?
1. Drug treatment: according to the individualized medication of each patient, it is necessary to strictly follow the doctor's instructions;
2. Manyuele: it is a drug that can slowly release progesterone, which is valid for 5 years, and can be used to prevent endometrial lesions, reduce menstrual flow, alleviate symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, and have a contraceptive effect, and compared with oral drugs, the systemic side reactions are small;
3. Surgical treatment: curettage, ultrasound focus, uterine fibroid removal, endometrial removal, uterine removal, etc.;
4. Correction of anemia: iron supplementation, blood transfusion in severe anemia.
What should I pay attention to when menopausal menstrual disorders occur?
1. Seek medical treatment in time, use drugs according to doctors' instructions, take hormone drugs on time, do not stop taking drugs, and contact doctors in time if there are adverse reactions;
2. Avoid strenuous exercise so as not to aggravate bleeding;
3. Abstain from sexual life during bleeding, keep the perineum clean, change sanitary pads frequently, and reduce the risk of infection;
4. Diet: No spicy and irritating, raw and cold food.
Meat dishes can eat pork liver, as well as pig blood, beef, lamb, egg yolk, etc.;
Vegetables can eat fungus, shiitake mushrooms, soybeans, kelp, seaweed, celery;
Also eat more fruits, because the fruit is rich in vitamin C, citric acid and malic acid, such organic acids can form complexes with iron, can increase the solubility of iron in the intestine, is conducive to the absorption of iron.
Myths about menopausal menstrual disorders
1. Is perimenopausal menstrual disorder normal?
Many people and even medical workers think that menstrual disorders are normal in the perimenopausal period and do not seek medical treatment, in fact, this is wrong, when bleeding perimenopausal AUB, please seek medical attention in time.
2. Will taking hormone drugs cause me to gain weight?
The hormone that causes obesity is glucocorticoids, not estrogen and progesterone, in fact, weight gain at this stage and decreased estrogen in women lead to slower metabolism, and many people's diet and exercise are not properly adjusted.
3. Will removing the uterus cause me to age?
In fact, the cause of aging is a decrease in ovarian function, a decrease in estrogen levels, atrophy of various organ tissues, and removal of the uterus will not lead to accelerated aging.
4. Why should I have a pregnancy test at such an old age?
Even if the ovarian function is reduced, but there is still a possibility of pregnancy, in the case of abnormal uterine bleeding, the first thing the doctor must rule out is pregnancy, the examination is simple, must cooperate with the examination.
5. Why give me a ring when I don't need contraception?
For patients with indications, the doctor recommends that the ring on the Moon is not for contraception, this is the drug ring, the purpose is to relieve symptoms and reduce menstrual flow.
If you have menstrual abnormalities, please consult the hospital in time!
Review expert: Liu Jianxin, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital
【Medicine Shield Public Welfare】PSM Pharmaceutical Shield Public Welfare (public number: PSMChina), a public welfare organization jointly initiated and established by the China Over-the-Counter Drug Association, the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association, etc., gathers resources, gathers strength, and promotes the safety of public medication.