Obesity is caused by a variety of factors, such as a diet high in salt and fat, staying up late, lack of exercise, etc., but some people are indeed "naturally fat".
Recently, a study published in the American Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism found that mothers who are obese are more likely to pass on this obesity risk to their daughters than sons.
Experts interviewed
Su Hao, Associate Professor, School of Sports and Human Science, Beijing Sport University
Liu Xin, researcher at Shanghai Institute of Sports Science
Zhang Yimin, Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University
Fat is really "inherited", and it is not passed on to women to men
The researchers analyzed the data of 3158 participants who gave birth to live babies between the ages of 20~34 years in the Southampton Women's Survey prospective mother-child cohort study from 1998 to 2002.
The researchers observed a strong association between BMI and fat mass between mother and daughter, but did not observe an association between mother and child; There is little paternal association in terms of body composition.
The study also further showed that girls had BMI and fat mass similar to mothers, suggesting that girls born to obese or high-fat-mass mothers were at higher risk of becoming obese or overweight.
Obesity in different parts is also affected by genes
A study by Uppsala University in Sweden showed that where fat accumulates in the body is largely influenced by genes.
The researchers drew on blood samples from 500,000 people in the UK biobank and conducted an in-depth study of 360,000 volunteers.
After testing millions of gene variants in the genome, the team found that nearly 100 of them determine whether fat accumulates in people's arms, legs or torso. Men and women have different ways of storing fat in their bodies. Women are more likely to accumulate fat on their buttocks and legs, while men tend to grow flesh on their abdomen.
In addition, the influence of this genetic factor is also very different in men and women, and it is more pronounced in women.
6 types of exercises to help naturally fat people lose weight
A study published in the international journal PLSO Genetics identified 6 types of exercise that are effective against obesity caused by genetic effects.
Jogging is the best way to exercise to control obesity. In addition, mountain climbing, walking, walking, certain types of dance (such as national standard dance) and long-term yoga practice also reduce the body mass index of people who are prone to obesity due to genetic factors.
1
jogging
For adults, the heart rate is about 140~150 times / min when jogging; The heart rate of the elderly is about 130~140 times / minute. The jogging speed can be 3~4 minutes to run 400 meters, but the elderly can relax to 3~5 minutes.
Frequency: Each jog time reaches more than 30 minutes and sticks to it every day.
Reminder: If you have chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, palpitations, etc., or extreme fatigue the next day, or lack of energy for several days, you need to reduce the intensity or duration.
2
Brisk walking
The criteria are different for different groups of people:
Children are not fully developed, and parents are not recommended to force them to walk and exercise. It is more important to correct the walking posture, so that the heel lands first to prevent the bone deformation.
Young and middle-aged walking exercise should reach the intensity of 110~120 steps / minute.
When the elderly walk, the heart rate reaches about 110 beats per minute and the degree of slight sweating can be done.
Patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension control the exercise heart rate at 100 times / minute, and the intensity is about 90~100 steps / minute.
Reminder: For ordinary adults, walking 6,000 steps a day and reaching a certain speed can have an exercise effect, and there is no need to pursue 10,000 steps a day.
3
mountain climbing
Mountaineering pays attention to "not afraid of slowness, afraid of standing", to walk slowly, it is best to walk for half an hour and rest for ten minutes. Otherwise, not only can the exercise effect not be achieved, but also the burden on the heart, lungs and muscles will be increased due to the rapid change in the amount of exercise.
Reminder: If there is cartilage injury to the hip, knee, ankle joint, it is not recommended to climb the mountain.
4
walk
Walking is not a professional sport, if you want to achieve the effect of exercise, you should take a professional way, such as wearing light and professional sportswear and comfortable sports shoes, choosing professional trails, etc., which can not only improve the quality of walking, but also avoid injuries.
5
yoga
The "movements in place" often said in yoga do not have to be made into standard movements, but refers to stretching to their own limits, gently stretching their limbs at the edge of their limits, not exceeding, otherwise it is easy to damage.
Duration: Beginners practice for 45~60 minutes each time, which can be appropriately increased according to their own conditions, but it is recommended to not exceed 90 minutes each time.
Frequency: Beginners practice 3~5 times a week; Skilled people can increase the number of exercises according to their own conditions, but still leave at least one day off each week.
6
dance
Regardless of the type of dance, three key factors determine the effectiveness of the workout: intensity, duration, and frequency.
Intensity: usually measured by heart rate, exercise should be controlled at 60% ~ 80% of the maximum heart rate, young people are generally controlled at 160 ~ 180 times / min, forty or fifty years old to reach 140 ~ 150 times / min.
Duration: Within 1 hour, people with better physical fitness or younger age can stick to 1.5 hours after counting the rest interval.
Frequency: Can dance 3~5 times a week. ▲
Editor of this issue: Deng Yu