There is a special way of writing in ancient poems, called "sub-rhyme", that is, to sing and harmonize according to the original rhyme of the original poem.
People always have the concept of "preconceptions", and the writing method of the second rhyme is not easy, and it can be described as "more difficult than difficult" to surpass the original.
The most well-known sub-rhyme poem in later generations is Su Shi's "Water Dragon Yin • CiYun Zhang Zhifu Yang HuaZi", "In detail, it is not Yang Hua, but a little bit is a tear of separation", which perfectly integrates the lyricism of the chant and has been widely praised for thousands of years.
The first rhyme poem to be spoken of today was written by Su Shi's disciple Huang Tingjian, writing that the scenery is beautiful, the discussion is sparse, and the scenes are blended, and it is used by later generations as a "model of legal poetry".
《Dimensional Ming Rhyme Sending Son"
Half a life of relatives with the water, how many people draw into the smoke?
Spring wind and spring rain flowers through the eyes, Jiangbei Jiangnan water shoots the sky.
Wanting to understand the tongzhangxing, he asked, knowing that Shi Youxu had forgotten the year.
The ridge makes each thought and hate, and the sun and moon phases make the snow full.
The title of the poem mentions two names, "Yuanming" is Huang Tingjian's brother Huang Dalin, and "Ziyou" is Su Shi's younger brother Su Rui.
Huang Tingjian, as we all know, was a famous scholar of the Northern Song Dynasty, who founded the "Jiangxi Poetry School" and was also highly accomplished in calligraphy, while his Huang Da Lin, although unknown, was not a mediocre talent.
He also won the lifting, but later in order to take care of the small family, he did not continue the scientific expedition.
According to the records, the two brothers of Su Shi and Su Rui both sang and sang with Huang Dalin, and although there was Huang Tingjian's sake, if he did not have some ink in his chest, I am afraid that he would not be able to fellowship with the Su Shi brothers.
When Su Rui was demoted to the post of governor of the salt and liquor tax in Yunzhou (Jiangxi), Huang Da Lin sent him a poem "Feng Zhi Zi Yu", "After a long dream of laughter and talk, Jiangnan news is still a year.".
After Huang Tingjian heard about it, according to the rhythm of this poem, he wrote this poem "The Origin of the Ming Rhyme of the Dimension", which fulfilled the brotherly love and friendship of friends, which has always been praised by future generations.
The first couplet of poetry is the duality, generally speaking, the rhythm poem is the middle two-couplet battle, and here the first couplet is the battle, which has a bit of the taste of Du poetry.
But this is also normal, after all, Huang Tingjian's poetry is based on Du Fu as the object of study, and the "Jiangxi Poetry School" he pioneered also takes Du Fu as the "ancestor".
The previous sentence not only points out the intimate relationship with the Su Shi brothers, but also alludes to the Analects, "The son is in the river: the deceased is like a Sifu, who does not give up day and night."
The latter sentence mentions the "Ling Yan Pavilion", which was built by Tang Xuanzong in recognition of meritorious service, and is famous for the portraits of the "Twenty-Four Meritorious Men".
Li He has a poem cloud "Please go to the Ling Yan Pavilion temporarily, if a scholar is a scholar and a thousand households", a strong sense of complaint, expressing the resentment that Huai Cai did not encounter.
Huang Tingjian is different here, although he also laments that Shaohua is easy to pass away, the work is not completed, and the heart is uneven, but the poet uses the form of flowing water, the tone of doubt, the eloquent, mourning but not hurting, complaining and not slandering, which also sets the emotional tone of the whole text.
Let's look at the jaw link, which is a famous poem and famous for generations to come.
The wind and rain fall, the flowers blossom and thank you, the north and south of the river, the waves are monstrous, just 14 words, it is written the scene of spring.
The former sentence echoes Shanglian's "half a life of relatives with the passing water", expressing the sigh of the impermanence of the world and the passage of time; the second sentence is from the space, saying that the distance between the two people is far away.
The two people who once talked about wine and cherished each other, but for various reasons, it was difficult to meet in the north and south of the world, day after day, year after year, flowers blossomed and fell, spring went to autumn, and the feelings of longing in the poet's heart can be imagined.
No word is written in love, and this kind of writing is more touching than direct lyricism.
What is even more rare is that these two sentences have no rare words, are popular and natural, and have a high artistic conception, which is rare in Huang poems that like to pretend to be strange.
I think of another of his joint sentences, "Peach and Plum Spring Wind a glass of wine, the night rain ten years of lights in the rivers and lakes", the same is the simplest word, but it creates a difficult mood for the brush to depict, which is endlessly evocative, and the so-called "iron into gold" is probably so.
The next two sentences of the neck link, from the lyricism of the scene to the discussion.
I want to remove the official seal, resign from the official position, talk with friends about the scriptures, and seek the true meaning of life.
The "stone friend" here is the "friendship of gold and stone", which originated from Pan An's "Jingu Poem", "sending and sending stone friends, white heads and the same return", and later used to refer to like-minded friends.
"To solve the bronze chapter", the poet's boredom with the officialdom is obvious, while "Shi You" expresses his admiration for Su Rui without a trace, which also reflects the deep feelings of the two.
In the end, the tail link "ridge makes each person think of hatred, and the sun and moon phases make the snow full of turbulence", which pushes the friendship between the two to the top.
Why?
"Ridge Order" is a kind of water bird, the Book of Poetry has a cloud "Ridge Order in the original, brothers are in distress", so it is mostly used to refer to brothers.
Su Shi's brotherly affection is well known, but what many people don't know is that Huang Tingjian and his brother Huang Da Lin have the same deep feelings.
In his "Farewell to the Yuanming Qiannan", "The rapid snow ridge order is in the same shadow, and the wind and the geese are not successful." The return of the boat sky often looks back, and from then on frequent books comfort the intestines", the brotherhood can be seen from this,
The two miss their respective brothers, they can't return, they can't see, the passage of time, the sun and the moon urge, the helplessness in their hearts, the sorrow is self-evident.
Brotherhood, friendship of friends, all kinds of emotions intertwined, resonant, enjoy endlessly.
Generally speaking, the poems of "sending people" will closely link the author's own life and fate with each other's encounters, in order to arouse the resonance of the other party and the reader.
Huang Tingjian's poem is like this, the first link from the two people's half-life friendship, and Huai Cai did not meet to write, the jaw union wrote the scene lyrically, in the scenery full of spring wind and spring rain and spring flowers, integrated into the thoughts of friends; the neck link turned into discussion, not only showed his tired of the official heart, but also pointed out the tacit understanding of the two people with the allusion of "Shi You", and the like-mindedness; finally, the tail link also mentioned their respective brothers, took care of the title, and looped the whole poem, which was endlessly interesting.
The whole poem integrates scenes, lyricism, and discussion in one, the scenes blend, the artistic conception is super wonderful, and people can't enjoy it endlessly, and Fang Dongshu of the Qing Dynasty once said in the seventh volume of the sequel to "Zhao ming zhan yan" that "this poem is enough for the method of speculation and modeling", which I deeply believe.
I wonder how well you think Huang Tingjian's poem was written? Welcome to discuss.
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Author: Relief poems
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