2030？ Or 2035?
Human society is busy setting a "deadline" for fuel vehicles, and new car-making forces are busy laughing at "why do people still buy fuel vehicles". However, change will not happen overnight. "How to parallel fuel vehicles and electric vehicles" is not a topic without meaning.
It is precisely because of the "empty window period" of the transition from all-fuel to all-electric that HEV and PHEV are often considered to be transitional products. However, electrification ≠ electric vehicles, new energy vehicles ≠ pure electric vehicles, and the policy "fire ban" mostly points to "new energy", rather than only accepting pure electric vehicles.
This should be some basic common sense, but even in 2022, there are still too many people who are stupid and unclear.
Therefore, it is particularly important to comb through the product line of today's PHEV. In the past year, Chinese brands have blossomed on the PHEV technology route and have gained phased recognition. Since the rise of new energy, the long-term marginalization and chicken rib plug-in hybrid has for the first time had a trend of becoming among the mainstream.
Among them, whether it is the BYD DM-i that has already sold well, or the Great Wall Lemon DHT, Chery Kunpeng DHT, Changan iDD and Geely Thor Hi· X, all have the same promotional characteristics, nothing more than ultra-low power loss fuel consumption and a thousand kilometers of ultra-long endurance. But for consumers, how to choose? What are the differences between different brands of PHEV technology routes? These are the questions that this phEV feature wants to help you understand.
Considering that the amount of information on this topic is relatively large, in order to introduce the technical characteristics of each brand PHEV relatively thoroughly and intuitively, I divide it into a technical route (structural layout) and a special engine (performance, efficiency) article, and at the end of each article, there are corresponding purchase suggestions, and you can also skip the process to see the conclusion directly.
The most brands choose dht solutions
Most of the Chinese car brands are working on PHEV technology, but PHEV has different layout structures, and DHT is the main choice of the main engine manufacturers. In the current mainstream technology route, the Great Wall Lemon DHT, Chery Kunpeng DHT and Geely Thor Hi · X all belong to DHT.
The so-called DHT (Dedicated Hybrid Transmission), scientifically known as the hybrid special transmission (the current mainstream technology route on the market is divided into parallel shafts and planetary gears two architectures), in essence, is to integrate one or two electric motors into the transmission to form a transmission system with an electric motor, plus the engine input can achieve the function of hybrid drive. Of course, there are many derivative schemes for DHT, and this is the first point.
Back to the technical characteristics of each PHEV, since the DHT scheme is adopted, the Great Wall Lemon DHT, Chery Kunpeng DHT and Geely Thor Hi · Is there no difference between the three X and the three? Buy with your eyes closed? Choose a look directly?
Non-also, the same as the DHT scheme, the similarity between the three is that they can achieve pure electricity, series hybrid, parallel hybrid, engine direct drive four power output modes. Among them, series hybrid refers to the range-increasing mode, that is, at some stages, the engine does not participate in the power output, by powering the drive motor and then providing power, the excess electricity is recovered to the battery; while the parallel hybrid allows the engine and the battery to participate in the power output at the same time when accelerating sharply, providing the strongest power mode.
The difference is that the Great Wall Lemon DHT is a two-stop structure, while Chery Kunpeng and Thor Hi · X is a three-stop structure. It is also because of the different structures of the "transmission" that the standards for the vehicle controller are different under each technical route. The well-known BYD Super Hybrid DM-i has abandoned the transmission, and the engine and motor are driven by a fixed gear ratio.
About the extension of technology, here I will omit 10,000 words, and directly talk about the differences in energy conversion between several PHEV technologies.
The first is DM-i, which, thanks to a fully decoupled system architecture, allows BYD to achieve a larger range of pure electric drives. Under the daily working conditions of the city, almost more than 80% of the time is pure electric drive, which is also a major feature of DM-i. In conditions below 70km/h, even if you press the full throttle, the engine will not participate in the output, so the car even in the state of low-speed NVH in the state of power loss is also very good, because DM-i is a real electric drive-based PHEV system.
The Great Wall Lemon DHT is essentially the same as THE BYD DM-i idea, and also uses a dual motor controller, but adds a two-speed transmission at the engine end, so that the engine can enter direct drive mode at a lower speed. Of course, in series mode, the power output route will also pass through the two-speed transmission, which is somewhat lossy compared to the efficiency of the DM-i direct connection. In the power output path, the Great Wall Lemon DHT is a typical dual-motor control DHT structure. If you insist on saying that the Great Wall Lemon DHT is different from BYD DM-i, it is that the former can be compatible with HEV mode, and enter the hybrid after the power consumption reaches the threshold, while dm-i has always maintained the PHEV state.
Gilli Thor Hi · Although X and Chery Kunpeng DHT both use a three-stop DHT structure, they are very different.
Chery Kunpeng DHT adopts the structure of "dual motor drive", note that the "dual motor structure" ≠ "double motor drive", Kunpeng DHT by using two small motors (P2 + P2.5) to replace a large motor, of which P2 motor is responsible for 2 gears, P2.5 motors are responsible for 1 gear and 3 gears. This layout will increase the efficiency of the motor to a certain extent, and the cost of two small motors will be more economical than one large motor. Because of the dual motor drive, Chery has created 9 modes for Kunpeng DHT, but they are all switched between single and dual motors, which is essentially not much different from the Great Wall Lemon DHT.
Gilli Thor Hi · X is mainly played in full-speed parallel, what does that mean? Carrying Thor Hi · The X model speed exceeds 20km/h to start the engine to participate in the output, and although chery Kunpeng DHT has a three-speed structure, it will only use pure electric drive mode at low speeds. And Thor Hi · The X is also structurally different from the Kunpeng DHT, except for a P1 motor connected to the crankshaft, the drive motor is located in the P2 position (transmission input), and the P2 is connected to the 3-speed transmission.
Dead bump single motor of the Changan iDD
The four structures mentioned above are controlled by dual motors, while Changan iDD completely adopts a single motor parallel structure, and its structural characteristics I summarize into three aspects (because Changan has not clearly announced structural information, so the following three points are communicated and derived from the manufacturer's product manager).
1. The P2 single motor and the engine are combined with the gear, and the clutch can be coupled/decoupled control of the engine and the Blue Whale electric drive transmission;
2. Blue Whale electric drive transmission is composed of P2 motor and 6-speed DCT;
3. The whole system has a total of 3 sets of clutches, that is, a set of clutches that control the engine intervention, and two sets of clutches in dcus.
It can be seen from this structure that compared with the default logic of DM-i giving priority to power consumption (series output) even in the power loss mode, Changan iDD prefers to use hybrid power to output power in the power deficit state.
At the same time, because the P2 motor is responsible for both kinetic energy recovery, driving, and charging the battery, the calibration of P2 and 6DCT has become the biggest difficulty of the Changan iDD system.
However, the advantages are also obvious, that is, the flexibility of 6DCT while retaining the low fuel consumption of hybrid. Therefore, Changan iDD is the real "global" player, full speed domain, full time domain, full temperature domain, can achieve hybridization. Is the battery too low? inexistent.
Purchase recommendations
Briefly sort out the characteristics of the above technical route and give my personal choice suggestions. However, it should be explained in advance that at this stage, the technical level of each company cannot be completely based on sales. The reason why DM-i plug and mix is sold is also due to the fact that BYD's layout is earlier. DM-i was launched earlier, and as the first to be mass-produced and delivered in the PHEV 2.0 era, BYD temporarily gained a first-mover advantage in sales.
If you are a pure electric vehicle preference, buy PHEV because you can not install charging piles, and have a strong battery life anxiety, then BYD DM-i model is indeed the first choice. Although its pure electric endurance (110km) is not the best, the dm-i control logic is the priority of electricity, in a variety of tests DM-i's global working conditions pure electrical output accounted for more than 70%.
If you just want a green card, buy a fuel car when driving, and are not used to the drag feeling when the tram kinetic energy is recovered, then Changan iDD, Chery Kunpeng DHT and Geely Thor Hi · X are all very good choices.
Changan iDD adopts P2 single motor parallel structure, retains 6DCT, theoretically closest to the driving experience of the oil car, and the fuel consumption is not high, but it is currently only installed on the medium-sized SUV UNI-K iDD, and there will be UNI-V iDD in the future. Chery Kunpeng DHT and Geely Thor Hi · X adopts a three-speed DHT structure, the engine efficiency will be higher at medium and high speeds, and Thor Hi · X's engine intervention range will be earlier than kunpeng DHT, but Chery Kunpeng DHT is a dual motor drive, and Geely Thor Hi · X is a dual motor control single motor drive.
Of course, this is all my selection advice based on the working principles and characteristics of different PHEV structures. In fact, in daily use, the difference between various PHEV schemes is not very large, especially in the pure electric mode, and the power loss fuel consumption can basically be controlled below 5L/100km.
In the next article, I'll talk about another key point of the plug-in hybrid system, the plug-in hybrid special engine. It is no less important than the technical structure of the insertion and mixing system. At the same time, the battery technology, capacity and motor performance already installed in each plug-in and mixing system will be intuitively displayed for you.