Sun protection
Ultraviolet
Children's eyes need sun protection
Sunglasses can not be less
We mentioned in the previous article (do children's eyes also need UV protection?) Most people, most of the ultraviolet radiation they receive in their lifetime is actually before the age of 18, so sun protection in childhood and adolescence is even more important than sun protection in adulthood.
But at present, not only children, but even parents still have some misunderstandings about ultraviolet protection, such as: cloudy days can not see the sun without sun protection, the sun is not strong without sun protection...
More than 90% of ultraviolet rays can penetrate thin clouds to reach the ground, and even on cloudy days there will be strong ultraviolet radiation. Not to mention not to do any protection, just apply sunscreen, if it is the case of sunburn, it is likely to burn the skin and eyes.
Today we will continue to popularize the knowledge about ultraviolet protection misunderstandings for everyone, understand these parents can clearly understand how to correctly protect ultraviolet rays, how to choose the right children's sunglasses for children.
Next, follow the popular science master Tian Xiaoming and learn how to protect your child's eyes from ultraviolet rays!
UV protection myths
Myth 1: Sunbathing is healthy
Tanning is the body's secretion of melanin, protection against further damage to the skin, especially in the noon and summer and spring seasons of ultraviolet rays are very lethal, will lead to skin burns and skin cancer, and even lead to eye keratitis.
Myth 2: No need to protect the sun on cloudy days
The intensity of ultraviolet rays is related to the thickness of the clouds, and in the case of thin clouds, more than 80% of the ultraviolet rays can still penetrate the clouds to reach the ground, and only the dark and thick rain clouds can block some of the ultraviolet rays.
And the scattered light on the atmospheric haze day will even aggravate the scattering of ultraviolet rays, and it is still possible to be injured if the sunscreen is not done on cloudy days. So whenever you're outdoors, remember to wear sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat.
Myth three: Ultraviolet rays in winter do not cause sunburn
Winter is relatively low in ultraviolet intensity, but snow reflection will double the radiation intensity of ultraviolet rays, and white snow will reflect 80% of ultraviolet light, especially at high latitudes.
Pay special attention to the early spring period, the temperature is not high, but in fact, the ultraviolet intensity is actually very strong, especially from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m., the intensity of ultraviolet rays is much higher than we expected; coupled with the dry cloud layer in the spring climate, the ultraviolet penetration is strong, and the amount of ultraviolet rays reaching the ground is also more.
Myth four: the sun does not burn and does not worry about being sunburned
UV radiation and heat sensation are two different things, and UV damage is not felt. For example, when people climb the mountain, the higher they go, the cooler the mountain wind, then the stronger the ultraviolet rays, and the ultraviolet radiation intensity increases by 10 to 12% for every 1000 meters above sea level. The same is true on the sea: the sea breeze makes you feel cool, but the ultraviolet rays have reached a very strong level.
Eyebrows, eyelashes, and glare pupil contraction are the natural ultraviolet protection mechanisms of our eyes, but when the reflected light from the ground (ground/beach/snow/water surface, etc.) is too strong, and there is no shade around the place, the role of these natural protection mechanisms is actually very limited.
The normal development of each child's vision requires natural light stimulation, and outdoor activities can also prevent children's myopia and delay the progression of vision, but increased outdoor activities will greatly increase excessive ultraviolet exposure, so parents must consciously carry out ultraviolet protection for their children.
How to choose sunglasses for my child?
I believe that many adults have the habit of wearing sunglasses, but many children's parents let their pair of large eyes "run naked" in the sun, in fact, parents should understand: in the sun, wearing sunglasses is not only to make the light less dazzling, more suitable for travel, more importantly, sunglasses can reduce the damage of ultraviolet rays to the eyes.
Adults need to wear sunglasses, do children need to wear them?
The American Optometry Society (AOA) says that sunglasses are a necessity for people of any age because children's eyes are more permeable than adults', and ultraviolet rays are easier to reach the retina, so sunglasses are important to them.
So it's not that children can't wear sunglasses, but they need to wear sunglasses more than adults!
When choosing sunglasses for your child, be sure to pay attention to the following:
1.
UV occlusion rate
Choose glasses that block 100% UVA and UVB rays to maximize the blocking of ultraviolet rays. When buying children's sunglasses, please choose a regular manufacturer and pay attention to whether the percentage of ultraviolet protection on the instruction manual is 100%.
2.
Lens colour
The UV protection ability of sunglasses is independent of the color of the lenses, as long as the lenses can block 100% of the sun's ultraviolet rays, the lens color can be selected according to the child's preference.
However, studies have shown that long-term exposure to high-energy visible light, also known as "blue light", may also cause eye damage, so when choosing the color of the lens, you can consider choosing amber or brass lenses to block blue light.
If it is worn normally, dark gray is generally preferred, because they cause the least color distortion and the best color sense.
3.
Lens size
Sunglasses with large lenses, in addition to protecting the eyes, can also provide protection for the eyelids and skin around the eyes, so it is best to choose sunglasses with larger lenses.
4.
Lens material and frame
Because children are active, their sunglasses should meet sports-type standards, and safer plastic lenses should be chosen instead of glass lenses. The frame should be elastic and easy to bend to ensure that the glasses fit closely to the face.
5.
About the elastic band
Since it takes a while for babies to adjust to wearing sunglasses, the elastic band helps keep the sunglasses close to their faces and prevents them from constantly removing them out of curiosity.
If you can, you can choose a frame that can be replaced between the temple and the elastic band, so that when the baby is older and no longer pulls the sunglasses down, it can be replaced with a temple.
6.
Children with refractive problems
Children with myopic or farsighted glasses can choose to wear color-changing lenses, which look the same as ordinary glasses indoors, but darken in the sun to protect your child's eyes.
Considerations for choosing sunglasses
In terms of style, for older children, it is best to let them choose their favorite styles, because the children that parents like do not necessarily like, respecting their choices will make them more willing to wear sunglasses.
At the same time, parents are reminded that the purchase of children's sunglasses must choose a formal institution.
If you want to buy online, be sure to choose a brand with a clear manufacturer and a production license, and ask the owner for a regular sunglasses tag. Qualified quality sunglasses usually have hangtags, etc., which will indicate the product name, UV protection coefficient, use classification, lens material, lens transmission ratio classification, frame material, etc.
Many toy sunglasses are cute and have dark lenses, but the sunglasses' shading and UV filtering features should not be confused. Even if the all-black sunglass lenses, if there is no UV protection function, it will only dilate the pupil of the human eye, so that more ultraviolet rays will enter the eye, which is more dangerous than not wearing sunglasses.
Popular Science Small Class:
According to the provisions of the national standard QB2457-1999 and GB10810.3-2006, the sunglasses with ultraviolet protection function on the market generally have the following marks:
"UV400": that is, the average transmission ratio of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of less than 400 nm through the lens is not more than 2%.
"UV", "UV protection": means that the average transmission ratio of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of less than 380 nm through the lens is not more than 2%.
"100% UV absorption": This means that the lens is able to filter out ultraviolet rays in almost 100% of all wavelength ranges, and the average transmission ratio is not more than 0.5%.
So are sunglasses with one of the above logos good sunglasses?
Non-nor non-also! Because the above two national standards also stipulate other indicators of sunglass lenses, including the top focal deviation (exceeding the standard will deform the vision), prism (exceeding the standard will make the left and right eye vision can not be unified), light transmission ratio (transmittance), average transmission ratio (ultraviolet transmittance), color limit (the degree of reduction of the color of the communication number lamp), communication signal transmission ratio (communication number light line transmittance), logo (the identification that the sunglasses should have), impact resistance (whether it has an impact resistance function).
All of the above indicators are up to standard to become a qualified sunglasses.
Cosmetics: Ornaments
Optometry doctor recommended
Children under 3 years old need normal light to stimulate the development of the macular area under the fundus, wearing sunglasses for a long time may form amblyopia, it is not recommended to wear sunglasses for babies who are too young, you can choose to play umbrellas, sun hats and other methods of sun protection.
Children aged 3-6 years: the wearing time is controlled within 1 hour, and the maximum is not more than 2 hours. Once away from the bright light or ultraviolet environment, into the room, you need to take it off in time.
Children 6-12 years old: It is best to wear it for no more than 4 hours continuously.
In short, if you go out or stay outdoors in the sun, be sure to wear sunglasses, but do not wear them for a long time, so as not to cause eye fatigue or even affect the child's visual development.
For the little ones
Sunglasses are not meant to be cool
It is key to protect the eyes
Not damaged by ultraviolet rays
Eye sunscreen and skin sunscreen are done together
It's the real sunscreen
Synopsis
Remarks: Optical shop name + optometry
This book not only introduces the basic theoretical knowledge of ophthalmology-optometry, the basic principles of correction and correction, but also analyzes the specific conditions in the process of correction and correction, and proposes corresponding disposal methods. The book also offers many suggestions for refraction dispensing problems for cataracts, glaucoma, amblyopia, and residual refractive light after refractive surgery.
The text of this book is popular and concise, and the pictures and texts are rich, which is especially suitable for ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians to conduct professional self-study and daily work in their spare time. This book provides a convenient way for those engaged in optometry vocational education and training to consult the relevant knowledge without having to read too many books, and can also be used by teachers and students of various optometry colleges and universities.