In an era of war and chaos in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, social thinking changed, and many poets loved to live in seclusion

This is four hundred years of madness, four hundred years of cultural splendor, and four hundred years of strange things. And watch Ying Zi talk about history, and talk to you about the new and interesting strange things of the Wei and Jin Dynasties

！

Last issue

We speak of many people after lamenting their misfortunes and seeking ideological liberation as a result of war and plague

，

Put it into action

Just looking for a place with a good view away from the crowds

Have a peaceful day with friends and family. These are expressed in the poems of the Three Kingdoms and two Jin Dynasties.

For example, the Three Kingdoms period

big

Wei

Founder and founder of the State Limited Company

CEO

Cao Cao

Sir, his

《

Step out of the summer door line

》

One of the four songs

View the sea

To the east, it is bordered by Jieshi to view the sea

，《

Tanka line

In the song of wine, life is geometric. These things

poem

Everyone learned it when they were in school

Cao Cao's poems are bold and heroic, revealing the grandeur of the founding prince, but the heroism also reveals some sad feelings unique to that era. This sense of sadness was a commonality in the poetry of that era. It is also in that era of continuous negative population growth, it is difficult not to be sad. In addition to feeling social turmoil, life is not easy

。

The emotion that follows is sorrow.

Here for everyone

say

A Nguyen song

Yong Huai

Eighty-two

First and foremost

。 I can't sleep at night, sit up and play the piano.

Thin drapery looks at the bright moon, and the breeze blows my placket. Lonely Hong's outfield, birds singing in the northern forest. Where will wandering see? Sad and sad.

Nguyễn was an important poet during the Three Kingdoms period

and the wine fairy Liu Ling we mentioned earlier

They also belong to the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest. This poem expresses the poet's sentiments of sorrow and sorrow to the point of not being able to sleep at night. After worrying about sorrow and suffering, people will find ways to seek liberation, and they will seek their own liberation and peace of mind

The earliest Chinese ideas originated from Lao Tzu

People at that time used the famous sentence in Lao Tzu

Xuanzhi and Xuan

The Door of All Wonders

This theory of thought was named Metaphysics

At that time

Talk about Xuan

It gradually became the custom of literati and scholars at that time. The values of the time also changed with this ideological ethos. For example, people evaluate a person no longer as how elegant the person's behavior is, but more on the person's inner character, or transcendent or not proficient in form, and pay more attention to the free play of personality. Emphasizes the liberation of nature, freedom, and yearning for a life outside the transcendent. Then, in contrast to Confucianism's observance of various rules and rituals for people, metaphysics, as a branch of Taoist culture, guides people to pay attention to themselves, get close to nature, release nature, live some free-wheeled life, and not be bound by fame and fortune. The development of this kind of thinking in the Wei and Jin Dynasties and the Southern and Northern Dynasties

It is that the upper echelons of society and civil servants are reluctant to be officials, and they like to live in seclusion.

Then, from the perspective of life, it is at the end of the Han Dynasty, Wei Jin that one

gather

In the era of war and chaos, people often choose to go far away in order to escape war and plague

earth

Leave the densely populated city and lead your family to a place free of war and disease. Living a life of farming and eating on your own is also an optimal way to live to protect yourself and your family. This unwillingness to become an official and the idea of choosing to live in seclusion

At that time, a trend was also formed, and many people resigned at every turn. For example, the great celebrity Ruan Yuan, one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest just mentioned

Not only did he resign, but he often pretended to be drunk and ignored his leadership.

And below

want

Speaking of this representative figure of Chinese pastoral poetry, Tao Yuanming. His whole life has also been repeated many times

Court

He was recruited to be an official, and then he resigned from the government many times and went into hiding. Eventually, he was in his favorite countryside

Grow old,

It is revered as a Chinese landscape poem and interpretation

The founding figure of man. Tao Yuanming is a figure who has had a great influence on China in all aspects of literature and thought. So let's give you a brief introduction. Tao Yuanming is also called Tao Qian

Mr. Goyanagi lived in the Common Era

352

year, to A.D

427

Year, that is, the Eastern Jin Dynasty

his

Origin

It is Xunyang Chaisang

It is our Jiujiang, Jiangxi today.

Just now we also talked about this Wei and Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties period

There has been a great change in social thinking, and people do not yearn for meritorious achievements and high-ranking officials, but for the life of paradise and seclusion and vegetable cultivation. So does this kind of place exist? Where exactly is that, and what is that good life like? With these beautiful longings, the poets of the time began to weave dreams with words. This is the rise of landscape poetry and landscape literature in the Wei and Jin dynasties. Then the most famous poet among them should first recommend Tao Yuanming. He was the founder of the Chinese Pastoral School, and like most famous celebrities and scholars at that time, Tao Da poets also liked to drink, and I don't know if Tao Yuanming also ate five stones and sanha. However, judging by his behavior habits, I estimate that this is more likely.

Legend has it that drinking with Tao Yuanming, no matter who is noble or lowly, as long as someone visits him, as long as he has wine, he will drink with the guests. If Tao Yuanming is drunk before the guests, he will tell the guests, I am drunk and want to sleep, you leave, right? This one is really straightforward and cute. One of Tao Yuanming's most famous poems is the following one

Drink and dance

。 The knot is in the human realm, and there is no traffic or horse noise.

Q. How can you do it? The heart is far away from self-deprecation.

Under the eastern fence of the chrysanthemum, you can leisurely see the South Mountain.

The mountain atmosphere is good day and night, and the birds are returning.

There is truth in this, to discern what has been forgotten.

In addition to this poem, I want Tao Yuanming's

Peach Blossom Origin

Everyone should have learned it when they went to school. Tao Yuanming's poetry is simple in writing and lofty in artistic conception, and has had a great influence on the poetry and articles of various subsequent dynasties. For example, Li Bai admired Tao Yuanming for throwing the five bodies to the ground

Wrote down when to Pengze crazy song five willows before

verse

。 Well, dear friends,

That's it for this issue, and I'll do it in the next issue

Continue to talk to you about the story of the Wei and Jin Dynasties.