The Nanjing Museum once collected a famous stenciled brick painting, which consisted of more than 200 ancient tomb bricks, divided into two paintings, one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest, Ji Kang, Ruan Yuan, Shantao and Wang Rong, and one for Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Ruan Xian and Rong Qiqi. The figures are separated by ginkgo biloba, locust tree, green pine, weeping willow, and broad-leaved bamboo. Each of the 8 people sat on the ground, but each showed a posture that best reflected his individuality, and the ideal personality of the scholar intellectuals was fully expressed on this portrait tile.
In addition, there are many works about the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest. However, many people will have a lot of questions, such as:
1. Who are the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest?
2. Why are they called the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest"?
3. What are the characteristics of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest?
Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest
The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest refer to the seven famous scholars of the Wei and Jin dynasties: Ji Kang, Ruan Yuan, Shantao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong, and Ruan Xian. Because it was often under the bamboo forest in Shanyang County at that time, drinking, singing, and wantonly drinking, it was called "Seven Sages", and later it was jointly known as the place name Bamboo Forest.
The works of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest basically inherited the spirit of Jian'an literature, but due to the bloody rule at that time, writers could not express their chests directly, so they had to use techniques such as Bixing, symbols, and myths to express their thoughts and feelings in a vague and tortuous way.
Next, the author will explain in detail the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest and their works and characteristics.
1. Ji Kang
Ji Kang was a Cao Wei thinker, musician, and writer during the Three Kingdoms period. He married The Great-granddaughter of Emperor Cao Cao of Wei. After Sima Shi took power, Ji Kang lived in seclusion and refused to serve. Later, because he was framed by the lieutenant Zhong Hui, he was executed by the powerful general Sima Zhao, at the age of forty.
Wei Jin Mingshi: Ji Kang
Ji Kang, Ruan Zhi and others jointly advocated a new style of metaphysics, and became the spiritual leader of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" and was listed as one of the "Famous Men of the Bamboo Forest". His deeds and encounters have had a great impact on the ethos and value orientation of later generations.
Ji Kanggong's poetry is good at writing, and his works are clean and elegant, reflecting the ideas of the times and bringing many inspirations to the ideological circles and literary circles of later generations. Today, there is the "Ji Kang Collection" passed down.
2. Nguyen Nationality
Ruan Was a poet of the State of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period and one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest. He admired the learning of Lao Zhuang and adopted a cautious attitude toward avoiding disasters politically.
As a representative of the "Sound of the Beginning", Ruan Zhi wrote "Eighty-two Songs of Yong Huai" and "Biography of Mr. Adult", and his works were included in the "Ruan Book Collection".
Wei Jin Mingshi: Ruan Yuan
In the past generations of the ranking of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest", the Ruan book has always ranked first, which shows the high reputation of the Ruan book among the scholars.
Mr. Lu Xun once commented on Ruan Yuan:
Ruan's writing and poetry are very good, and although his poems are also passionate, many of the meanings are hidden. Song Yanzhi's Yan Yanzhi has said that he can't understand much, and it is naturally more difficult for us to understand his poems. He also said that the gods were immortals in his poems, but he actually did not believe it.
3. Shantao
Shantao was a minister and scholar from the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty, and one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest".
When Shan Tao was young, he was relatively poor, liked the old Zhuang doctrine, and traveled with Ji Kang and Ruan Zhi. At the age of forty, he became the head of the county. When the general Sima Shi was in power, Shantao was promoted to Xiucai and moved to Shangshu Bulang. After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, he was promoted to the rank of Great Hongxu. Every time he selected an official, he first adhered to the will of Emperor Wu of Jin and personally commented on it, which was called "Mountain Gong Notice".
Wei Jin Mingshi: ShanTao
Before and after Shantao elected hundreds of officials, they could all choose the best and use their abilities. When Emperor Wu ordered the abolition of military service in the world, he opposed the abolition of the state and county armed forces, and after that, the situation was chaotic, and the state and county were powerless to suppress it, as he said.
4. Xiang Xiu
Xiang Xiu was a literary scholar of the Wei and Jin dynasties and one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest. Xiang Xiuya is good at reading, and is kind to Ji Kang, Lu An and others, and lives in seclusion.
Xiang Xiu was born in the Xiang clan of Hanoi, liked to talk about the learning of Lao Zhuang, and once annotated "Zhuangzi", which was praised as "Wonderful Analysis and Wonder, Great Chang Xuan Feng" ("World Speaking New Language and Literature"), and other works "Thinking of the Old Endowment" and "Uncle Nan Ji Night Health Theory".
Wei Jin Mingshi: Xiang Xiu
Xiang Xiu is listed as the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest", and Xiang Xiu's New Righteousness of Leisure and the Confucian spiritual compatibility view expounded in his "Notes on Zhuangzi" cannot erase Xiang Xiu's unique brilliance despite the passage of thousands of years.
5. Liu Ling
Liu Ling was a famous scholar of the Wei and Jin dynasties, one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". Alcoholic, known as the "drunken hou", good old zhuang learning, the pursuit of freedom and leisure, inaction and rule.
The only surviving works of Liu Ling today are "Ode to Wine" and "North Mang Guest House". The "Ode to Wine Virtue" shows contempt for the "etiquette", promotes the old Zhuang thought and indulges in the birth of wine.
Liu Ling: "Ode to Wine"
"Ode to Wine Virtue" is an article written by Liu Ling, which is an ancient masterpiece that analyzes the six idioms of the curtain, angry teeth, blindness, mr. adult, hard work, and familiarity, which enthusiastically praises Mr. Adult (the poetic embodiment of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest).
6. Wang Rong
Wang Rong was a famous scholar and official from the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty, one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest", and the son of Wang Hun of Cao Wei Liangzhou. He was from the Langyue Wang clan. Since he was young, he is beautiful and beautiful, good at talking, and is known for his incisive evaluation and insight.
Wang Rong believed that the world would be chaotic, so he ignored the world and took pleasure in playing in the mountains and rivers.
7. Nguyen Ham
Ruan Xian was the nephew of Ruan Yuan, and was known as "Big and Small Ruan" with Ruan Yuan, and together with Ji Kang, Ruan Yuan, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, and Wang Rong, he was a famous musician in the Western Jin Dynasty. He was good at playing the lute, proficient in musical rhythm, and wrote the "Law".
Wei Jin Mingshi: Ruan Xian
Later generations have many comments about Ruan Xian, such as:
Shan Tao said: "Ruan Xianzhen is widowed, deeply aware of turbidity, and all things cannot be moved." If he is in the office of an official, he will be in the same position. ”
Du Fu said, "The sons and nephews of Emperor Sizong, Zhongrongxian, who has been aware of it early. ”
Li Shangyin said: "Zhongrong copper pipa, Xiang Zhi's voice is miserable. ”
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