How do you evaluate Jia Nanfeng? This is a very interesting question. Many people say that Jia Nanfeng is ruthless, and he and Emperor Hui Sima are a "match made in heaven", and the two buried the Western Jin Dynasty together, plunging China into chaos, causing the Central Plains to sink and Hulu everywhere.
From an objective point of view, Jia Nanfeng needs to be responsible for the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, but he is not the main responsibility. Because, the 10 years of Jia Nanfeng's reign were the most stable 10 years of the dynasty after Emperor Wu of Jin.
In 290, Emperor Wu of Jin died, and Sima Zhen passed on the throne to Emperor Hui of Jin. Sima Zhen was stupid and unable to handle government affairs, and his relative Yang Jun assisted the government, and the relationship with Jia Nanfeng deteriorated, which was an important fuse for the Eight Kings Rebellion.
In 291, Jia Nanfeng used the hand of Sima Wei, the king of Chu, to get rid of Yang Jun and wipe out the three tribes. Then, let Sima Wei attack and kill Sima Liang and Wei Qian, and then execute Sima Wei on the grounds of "overbearing".
The first half of the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, which lasted less than half a year, was limited to a palace struggle and had nothing to do with the place. Jia Nanfeng's elimination of Yang Jun, Sima Liang, Wei Qian, and Sima Wei did not have much impact, and the central authority was still very strong.
For the Western Jin Dynasty, the Rebellion of the Eight Kings at this time had less impact than the "Zhulu Rebellion" of the Western Han Dynasty. Therefore, until the 300 years when Jia Nanfeng was executed, the Western Jin Dynasty had a stable period of nearly 10 years, and the sea was unstable.
The only trouble was the Qi Wannian Rebellion in Hexi, which was a national contradiction and was caused by Sima Lun's mishandling. Moreover, the rebellion of Qi Wannian did not have much impact on the situation, and if it were not for the next melee of the princes, the Li brothers would not have been able to gain a foothold in Sichuan.
Compared with the collapse of the Western Jin Dynasty from 301 to 317, when the wolf smoke was everywhere and blood was flying, Jia Nanfeng gave the Western Jin Dynasty 10 years of "golden age". If Jia Nanfeng had a long-term vision and was not misled by Sima Lun, there would be no Eight Kings Rebellion and Five Hu Chaohua in history.
Jia Nanfeng is vicious, why can he usher in 10 years of good times? There are two main reasons, one of which is indispensable.
First of all, Jia Nanfeng is self-aware, and reuses Zhang Hua and Pei Yi, two affairs officials, and the government is stable.
Historically, Jia Nanfeng was ruthless, but she was self-aware. Jia Nanfeng is good at power struggles, but he doesn't know how to govern the country, and he doesn't want to govern the country, so he leaves professional things to professionals.
Zhang Hua and Pei Wei are both famous ministers and masters of governing the country, especially Zhang Hua, who can be called Zhuge Liang. Zhang Hua knows how to govern civil affairs, and is also good at promoting and discovering talents, and reserving talent resources for the imperial court.
Whether it is a poor family or an ethnic minority, as long as they have the ability, they will be promoted by Zhang Hua and give them the opportunity and stage to display their talents. In addition, Zhang Hua was born in a poor family, understood the people's suffering, was administratively lenient, and won the hearts of the people.
has the ability and vision, but has no family background, which is an important reason why Jia Nanfeng reuses and trusts Zhang Hua. Zhang Hua repeatedly disobeyed Jia Nanfeng and criticized, but Jia Nanfeng tolerated it, did not blame, and reused it.
Jia Nanfeng is authoritarian, and his nephew Jia Mi does all kinds of evil, but both of them unanimously agreed to hand over the government to Zhang Hua and let this professional do the work. In this regard, Jia Nanfeng is similar to Lu Pheasant, and Zhang Hua plays the roles of Cao Shen, Wang Ling, and Chen Ping.
The Western Jin Dynasty had a stable period of 10 years, which was inseparable from Zhang Hua and Pei Wei. Zhang Hua is capable, Pei Yi's family has great influence, Jia Nanfeng reuses them, and never interferes in specific government affairs, so the imperial court operates normally and the center is stable.
Moreover, Jia Nanfeng and Sima Shu fought without breaking, and the other princes and kings had no chance, and the princes did not dare to covet the artifact.
Strictly speaking, the Rebellion of the Eight Kings caused chaos in the world because Jia Nanfeng killed Sima Shu, so that the Western Jin Dynasty lost the expected "prince". After that, the Rebellion of the Eight Kings evolved into a struggle between the imperial court and the local government, as well as a battle for the throne.
From 291 to 300, the contradictions between Jia Nanfeng and Sima Shu were very deep, but they fought but did not break. Sima Shu knew that his mother's status was humble and he had no relatives to rely on, so he had to have a good relationship with Empress Jia and win the support of the Jia family's forces.
Guo Huai, Jia Nanfeng's mother, is known for her jealousy. However, Guo Huai is smarter than Jia Nanfeng, and she knows that the Jia family can be autocratic because Sima Shu is still alive, and their power base comes from Emperor Hui Sima Zhen.
As long as the throne is in the hands of Sima Zhen, the other princes and kings will not dare to have opinions. In this way, in the face of the contradiction between Jia Nanfeng and Sima Shu, Guo Huai told Jia Nanfeng many times that he must treat the prince well and form an alliance, which is the key to saving the lives of the whole family.
Jia Nanfeng had no sons, and Sima Shu's mother had a humble status and was still the only son of Emperor Hui. In this way, Jia Nanfeng and Sima Shu are natural political allies. Sima Shu is very clear about this, Guo Huai is also clear, but Jia Nanfeng does not understand.
Before Guo Huai died, he took Jia Nanfeng's hand and told her not to lose her mind and to keep the prince. It's a pity that Jia Nanfeng didn't listen.
's mother is alive, and although Jia Nanfeng said that he hated the prince, he didn't tear his face. For a period of time after Guo Huai's death, Jia Nanfeng did not make any thoughts of abolishing the prince and killing the prince. In this way, Sima Shu lived in fear, but after all, he was a "prince", and the princes and kings did not dare to covet the central authority.
So, why did Jia Nanfeng want to kill Sima Shu? Hatred exists, but reality requires them to form an alliance. If there was a strong think tank around him, or Jia Nanfeng had a long-term vision, he would not have made this stupid move.
The booster who killed Sima Shu was Sima Yi's 9th son, Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, and his confidant Sun Xiu.
Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, was mediocre in ability and short-sighted, but he was very ambitious and was used by Sun Xiu. At first, Sima Lun ruled Guanzhong, oppressed the Di and Qiang ethnic minorities, intensified the contradictions, and caused a rebellion.
During the Qi Wannian Rebellion, Sima Lun couldn't figure out the situation and was transferred back to the imperial court. Sima Lun knew how to curry favor with Jia Nanfeng, so not only was he not held accountable, but he was also promoted and became a close confidant of Empress Jia.
In 300, Sima Lun and Sun Xiu planned a plan to provoke hatred between Jia Nanfeng and Sima Shu, and "found out" the evidence that Sima Shu wanted to execute Jia Nanfeng and Jia Mi, so that Jia Nanfeng could kill him.
Sima Shu was deposed, and the ministers were angry and wanted to rescue the prince. Sima Lun and Sun Xiu added oil and vinegar, saying that Sima Shu was going to attack and kill Jia, Jia Nanfeng finally decided to kill Sima Shu and sent someone to beat him to death with a pestle.
Sima Lun and Sun Xiu, the kings of Zhao, opened the prelude to the second half of the Eight Kings Rebellion and took away the hope of the Western Jin Dynasty. Sima Shu was killed, which meant that Emperor Hui had become "extinct", and the crown prince could only choose from his younger brother and nephew. So, who will be the "prince"?
In the eyes of the Sima family, they all have a chance, and anyone can challenge the throne. These princes of the Sima family, in addition to the descendants of Emperor Wu of Jin, also have the descendants of Sima Yi, and even the descendants of Sima Yi's younger brother. In this way, the situation in the Western Jin Dynasty was completely out of control, the world was in chaos, and Shenzhou was sinking.
Jia Nanfeng ruled for 10 years, and thanks to the existence of Zhang Hua, Pei Wei, and Sima Shu, the Western Jin Dynasty was relatively peaceful. Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, instigated Empress Jia to kill the crown prince and proclaimed himself emperor, finally bringing the Western Jin Dynasty to a dead end.