Expert of this article: Li Jiehui, Deputy Chief Physician of Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Although it has been spring, the weather in many places is still very cold, coupled with the large-scale rain and snow on the line in recent days, many small partners have caught a cold. At this time, most people will choose to take a little cold medicine by themselves, and generally after a few days, the symptoms will be alleviated or disappeared.
Recently, a 20-year-old college student in the continuous stay up for several days, low-grade fever, but also thought it was just a simple cold, did not expect that after taking cold medicine, the symptoms not only did not alleviate but worsened, and even had symptoms of shock. After being rushed to the hospital, he was diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis, and after four days of rescue, the student was rescued from the death line.
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Staying up late, catching a cold, myocarditis... What is the connection between these? Why is this a serious situation? Let's take a look.
What is myocarditis?
Myocarditis refers to an inflammatory disease of the myocardium and can be divided into infectious and non-infectious. It is mainly infectious, and the former is mainly viral. Therefore, what we call it generally refers to viral myocarditis. Common viral infections include Coxsackie B virus, orphan virus, polio virus and so on. In particular, coxsackie B virus is the most common, accounting for about 30%-50%.
Other viruses can also cause myocarditis, such as influenza, human adenovirus, rubella, herpes simplex, encephalitis, hepatitis virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and HIV virus.
Common causes of noninfectious myocarditis are drugs, poisons, radiation, connective tissue diseases, vasculitis, giant cell myocarditis, sarcoidosis, etc.
Why does staying up late cause myocarditis?
The pathogenesis of viral myocarditis is the direct action of the virus, which is viral infection and autoimmune-induced myocardial damage and microvascular damage. These changes can impair heart function and structure.
Staying up late is a big problem is the impact on the heart, staying up late when the heart does not get a good rest, increasing the oxygen consumption of the heart muscle, while the sympathetic and vagus nerve function distributed on the surface of the heart will also be dysfunctional because of irregular life. Taken together, the heart's normal metabolism is affected, which in turn weakens its defenses against infections and adverse stresses.
Therefore, when there is a cold or other viral infection, if it is not treated in time, it is easy to aggravate, endanger the heart, and cause viral myocarditis.
Fulminant myocarditis is a type of viral myocarditis, the most common cause is viral infection, which is acute and critical myocarditis. The onset of the disease is urgent, the disease develops rapidly, and the prognosis is poor, so once it is judged to be fulminant myocarditis, it is necessary to intervene in time and actively treat it.
What are the symptoms of myocarditis?
Most patients with infectious myocarditis have cold-like symptoms 1 to 3 weeks before the onset of illness. If the patient has fever, fatigue, muscle soreness, nausea, vomiting and other discomfort, followed by palpitations, chest tightness, edema, dyspnea, syncope, sudden death, etc. Most clinically diagnosed patients with myocarditis complain of arrhythmias, and a few develop syncope or Aspen syndrome.
Because patients with mild diseases can have no clinical symptoms at all, they are sometimes missed and mistaken for the common cold, thus delaying treatment. However, severe patients may even experience cardiogenic shock and sudden death.
It is recommended that if there are chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea and other symptoms on the basis of upper respiratory tract infections such as fever and runny nose, they should seek medical treatment in time to avoid delaying the condition.
How to prevent myocarditis?
1
Pay attention to hygiene
Most patients with myocarditis are infected with the virus and cause the onset of the disease, so to prevent it, it is necessary to do a good job of personal hygiene and dietary hygiene. At the same time, it is also necessary to regularly disinfect and sterilize the working and living environment, so as to effectively reduce the possibility of being infected by the virus.
2
Exercise more
Healthy and reasonable exercise is good for preventing viral myocarditis. When people exercise, the body's immunity and metabolism will improve, and they can resist external adverse stimuli faster and better, which also plays a role in preventing diseases. Of course, if you want to prevent myocarditis through physical exercise, you need long-term persistence, and the desired effect cannot be achieved in a day and a half.
3
Avoid prolonged fatigue
Long-term fatigue can significantly reduce the body's immunity, and the ability to resist disease and control symptoms is reduced. Once there is an infection, it is easy to aggravate quickly, causing serious complications.
4
Timely treatment of infectious diseases such as colds
Colds are our most common minor diseases, but if they do not heal, they can still cause serious complications in some people, including viral myocarditis. Do not despise small hairy diseases, timely treatment, restore a healthy body, you can avoid unnecessary trouble.
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