What serious diseases may be caused by small colds that are not treated and treated in time? As a cardiologist, Dr. Zhang today told you about a serious heart disease that may be caused by a small cold, hoping to arouse everyone's attention to the cold during the New Year and protect the health of the family.
Recently, a friend consulted Dr. Zhang, what symptoms appear in the cold, may be heart damage, especially myocarditis? In fact, on the topic of myocarditis, Dr. Zhang did not introduce too much, mainly because the incidence is not particularly high, but it does not mean that the problem of myocarditis is not important, in fact, it should be a health problem that the general public usually pays special attention to. Dr. Zhang will talk about this problem to you, and I hope that friends can understand the relationship between colds and myocarditis after reading the article. In order to pay attention to colds in the later stage, reduce the incidence of myocarditis.
First, what is myocarditis
Myocarditis primarily refers to impaired cardiac function due to inflammatory injury to the myocardium caused by various causes, including contraction, decreased diastolic function, and arrhythmias. To put it more simply, it is a type of disease that causes inflammatory damage to the heart for some reason, and thus impairs the function.
2. What pathogenic factors may cause myocarditis?
The causative factors of myocarditis mainly include infection, autoimmune diseases and toxin/drug toxicity, the most common cause of disease is infection, and the most common pathogen is viruses, including enteral viruses (especially Coxsackie B virus), cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and influenza virus. The culprit in this outbreak, the new crown virus, may also cause myocarditis in humans. This is also an important reason why myocarditis usually occurs after a cold.
3. What are the symptoms of myocarditis?
In the clinic, the manifestations of myocarditis vary greatly, from mild palpitations, chest pain, transient ECG changes to severe conditional shock, and the symptoms are different in different patients. Among them, fulminant myocarditis is the most dangerous type of myocarditis, and its main characteristics are severe onset, rapid progression, and poor prognosis.
1. The prodromal symptoms of viral infection can be manifested as fever, nasal congestion, fatigue, runny nose, cough, sore throat, diarrhea, etc. as early symptoms. It can be said that these symptoms are almost all our common cold symptoms, although different patients have different symptoms and different severity of symptoms, they can still provide a certain basis for the diagnosis of viral myocarditis. Therefore, in this case, many patients think that it is a common cold and will not think of myocarditis, but these symptoms will also become an important clue for the diagnosis of myocarditis in the later stage.
2. Under normal circumstances, after the above symptoms are damaged, the patient usually has shortness of breath, dyspnea, palpitations, dizziness, chest tightness or chest pain, extreme fatigue, obvious loss of appetite and other symptoms, which are also the main reasons for the patient's later medical treatment. Some medical studies have also shown that difficulty breathing and chest tightness are the most common first symptoms.
3. The symptoms introduced above are relatively mild, and once severe fulminant myocarditis occurs, very serious symptoms may occur. For example, patients will develop acute left heart failure or cardiogenic shock, usually manifested as severe dyspnea, orthopnation, coughing up pink foamy sputum, sweating profusely, emotional anxiety, oliguria or no urine, etc.; Some of the more severe patients may also present with severe conditions such as cold skin, cyanosis, pallor, and even skin patches and confusion. A small number of severe patients develop sudden syncope or even sudden death. Of course, these conditions are clinical manifestations of relatively severe fulminant myocarditis.
4. How to treat myocarditis?
First of all, the diagnosis of myocarditis is not simple, it will involve some more professional examinations, my suggestion is that it is best to go to a professional large specialist hospital for diagnosis in a similar situation, which is relatively reliable. At the same time, patients with common myocarditis after diagnosis require regular treatment from a doctor. If it is fulminant myocarditis, because of the urgency of the disease, the severity of the disease, and the high mortality rate, once the diagnosis is completed, it should be actively responded to and do its best to save the patient's life.
Usually, the treatment methods used clinically include general treatment (strict bed rest, nutritional support, etc.) and general drug treatment (nourishing the heart muscle, reducing the workload of the heart, protecting the gastric mucosa, etc.). It also includes some anti-infective, antiviral, glucocorticoids, gamma globulins, plasma and blood purification, life support measures such as intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP), ventilator assisted breathing, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), temporary pacing and other therapeutic measures; in the most serious cases, even some extreme cases may require consideration of heart transplantation.
In fact, this article said that at the end, it is winter, the new crown epidemic, or advise everyone to pay attention to the hygiene habits such as wearing masks and washing hands frequently, minimize the occurrence of diseases such as upper respiratory tract infections, and do not give myocarditis the opportunity to occur, which is the best, are you right?
Pay attention to wearing a mask and washing your hands frequently in winter
At the same time, it has to be said that myocarditis talked about today is a relatively niche topic, and this disease is not as common and high as high incidence of high blood pressure. However, even niche health problems will also be troubled by patients, and I hope that even rare diseases need to be told by professionals. I hope dr. Zhang's popular science can help you. I also wish you all a healthy New Year! #健康过大年 #