Coffee, for professionals is almost a refreshing must-have drink, some people call coffee the "life-sustaining water" of the working day, especially in the afternoon, sleepiness hits, not a cup of coffee can not survive the work.
However, not everyone can understand the fun of "coffee star people". "Don't drink so much coffee! Bad for the heart!!! "Warm tips" like this will always give people a cold blow. Drinking coffee has always been considered an unhealthy thing by many people. Because the caffeine contained in coffee is a central nervous system stimulant, it can stimulate the central nervous system, cause sympathetic excitement, further stimulate heart contraction, and cause rapid heartbeat, panic and other manifestations. Therefore, whenever people appear in this state, they will "logically" throw this pot to the coffee first.
So, is this really the case?
Recently, at the 71st Annual Scientific Conference of the American College of Cardiology, Peter M. Kistler, M.D., a professor at Alfred University and head of arrhythmia research, published the latest study to speak for coffee: drinking two to three cups of coffee a day can not only reduce the risk of heart disease and abnormal heart rate, but also be related to the reduction of all-cause mortality! Moreover, this trend applies to people with cardiovascular disease or not.
*Google learned: 1 US cup = 236 mls
(Image source: ACC official website)
This is the largest research analysis to date on the potential role of coffee in heart disease and death risk. The research team used sample data from the UK Biobank, which contained health information for more than 500,000 people who had been tracked for at least 10 years. The researchers looked at the association between the participants' coffee intake (divided into no coffee, less than 1 cup per day, 1 cup, 2-3 cups, 4-5 cups, and more than 5 cups) and heart rate problems, cardiovascular disease, risk of death, and risk of heart-related death.
The researchers evaluated data from 382,535 subjects who had no known heart disease to see if drinking coffee played a role in the development of heart disease or stroke in a 10-year follow-up survey. The average age of the subjects was 57 years, and half of them were women.
Interestingly, the researchers found that drinking two to three cups of coffee a day had the greatest benefits, reducing the risk of coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, or death from any cause by 10 to 15 percent. People who drink one cup of coffee a day have the lowest risk of stroke or heart-related death. The researchers observed a U-shaped relationship between coffee intake and new heart rhythm problems: those who drank two to three cups of coffee a day benefited the most, while those who drank more or less coffee benefited less.
Effects of habitual coffee consumption on cardiovascular disease, arrhythmias and mortality. (Image source: ACC official website)
In addition, the researchers explored the correlation between routine coffee intake and improved mortality from cardiovascular disease in 34,279 adults with a certain cardiovascular disease. Patients who drank two to three cups of coffee a day had a lower mortality rate compared to people who did not drink coffee. In addition, 24,111 people included in the analysis had arrhythmias, and drinking coffee gave them a lower risk of death. Most importantly, drinking any amount of coffee does not increase the risk of heart rhythm problems, including atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.
Regular coffee intake has been linked to improved mortality from endemic cardiovascular disease. (Image source: ACC official website)
Even, in order to comprehensively "rehabilitate" coffee, researchers have also explored the impact of different types of coffee.
By investigating the relationship between different types of coffee—caffeinated, caffeinated, and decaffeinated coffee—to health, the researchers found that drinking two to three cups a day, whether they drank freshly ground or instant coffee, had the lowest risk of developing arrhythmias, coronary artery blockage, stroke, or heart failure. Drinking any type of coffee can reduce mortality. However, caffeine-free coffee does not work well against sudden arrhythmias, although it does reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Relationship between different coffee type intake and arrhythmias and cardiovascular disease. (Image source: ACC official website)
Taken together, this massive study sends an important message to people: Regular intake of a certain amount of coffee is safe and beneficial, and even "for people with heart disease, this may be part of a healthy diet." Lead author Dr. Kistler said.
Seeing this, the "coffee star" who was holding a certain buck and a certain lucky coffee in his hand expressed his relief. So, why does a mellow, refreshing coffee have such a miraculous effect? Researchers from Canada have found molecular mechanisms between caffeine intake and cardiovascular health.
The study, published in Nature Communications, revealed that caffeine intake lowers levels of the PCSK protein in the blood, which clears the blood of "bad" cholesterol and plays a role in protecting the cardiovascular system.
(Image source: Nature Communications)
PCSK9 is a protein that is expressed primarily in the liver and secreted into the bloodstream, reducing the liver's ability to process excess low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, commonly known as "bad" cholesterol. LDL cholesterol is an important indicator of cardiovascular disease risk. When PCSK protein levels drop or activity is suppressed, LDL receptors on the surface of liver cells rapidly remove excess LDL cholesterol from the blood.
When the researchers added different concentrations of caffeine to the liver cells cultured in vitro, they found that the liver cells secreted less PCSK9, the LDL-R expression on the surface of the liver cells increased, and the ability to uptake cholesterol was stronger. And the higher the concentration of caffeine added, the more obvious the effect.
The researchers then validated in human experiments: 12 healthy people between the ages of 22 and 45 took 400 mg of caffeine (about the amount of 2 cups of coffee) on an empty stomach, and at 2 hours and 4 hours after taking it, the participants' plasma levels of PCSK9 decreased by 25% and 21%, respectively. On the other hand, mouse experiments have proved that after 4 hours of intraperitoneal injection of caffeine (50mg/kg), the level of PCSK9 in the plasma of mice is also reduced, the liver's ability to absorb cholesterol is enhanced, and the content of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood is significantly reduced.
Mouse plasma PCSK9, triglyceride content. (Image source: Nature Communications)
Human plasma PCSK9 content. (Image source: Nature Communications)
With the publication of this study, coffee even incidentally circled a wave of powder in weight loss populations. This is probably why coffee drinkers are not only thin, but also have a strong heart.
However, although drinking coffee is beneficial to the human body, it is still necessary to "vary from person to person, moderate and stop", and when taking coffee brings people anxiety or discomfort, the intake of coffee should be reduced. At the same time, it is more recommended that everyone drink caffeinated coffee, no or less added creamer and sugar will make the coffee in your hand healthier~
bibliography
[1] Good News for Coffee Lovers: Daily Coffee May Benefitthe Heart. Retrieved Mar 24, 2022 fromhttps://www.acc.org/About-ACC/Press-Releases/2022/03/23/17/55/Good-News-for-Coffee-Lovers-Daily-Coffee-May-Benefit-the-Heart.
Written by | Happy one
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