"Snow people, there is wind and snow, there is river snow, there is night snow, there is spring snow, there is twilight snow, there is desire snow, there is snow." In his treatise "The Complete Collection of Landscape and Water", the Northern Song Dynasty Han Humble divided the mood of snow into many types. All kinds of weather, each has its own interesting interest.
The snow scene is painted, the themes are varied, as detailed as Guo Xi listed: cold clouds want snow, winter dense snow, winter snow, xiangfeng drifting snow, mountain stream snow, Huixi far snow, snow after the snow, snow fishing house, boat gu wine, snow far away, snow stream Pingyuan, absolute stream pine snow, Songxuan drunken snow, water pavilion yin wind and so on.
Under different painting situations, snow has endless vitality.
Wang Wei's "Jianggan Xueji Picture Volume" (partial)
According to the literature, the ink snow landscape was pioneered by Wang Wei in the Tang Dynasty. Since Wang Wei, many famous artists in the past generations have been keen on the creation of snow landscapes and landscapes, leaving us with a large number of classic works.
In the late Ming Dynasty, the literary scholar and poet Wang Wei praised Wang Wei's "Jianggan XuejiTu" with the interest of "Bright And High Reflection" and the feeling of "people in the curling jade book".
Wang Wei's "Snow Creek Map"
Wang Wei's "Snow Creek Map" has a weather of heaven and earth and darkness. The snow is endless, the clouds are cloudy, the snow is white, the white is nothing, and the white snow provides an empty world. In this world, the painter is in the same cosmic chaos.
The song dynasty painters' pursuit of snow has always been deeply in love and has achieved remarkable achievements.
Northern Song Dynasty Fan Kuan 《Snow Scene Cold Forest Map》
The Representative Work of the Northern Song Dynasty painter Fan Kuan, "Snow Scene and Cold Forest", is magnificent, depicting a world with few people, full of depressed scenes, and has the feeling of "a thousand mountains and birds flying away, and ten thousand paths of people disappearing". The snow in the painting falls on the mountains, on the old trees, on the houses, on the small bridges, on the river...
In fact, the painter did not really paint snow, but through the ink color rendering everywhere, to set off the white of the snow.
Northern Song Dynasty Li Cheng's "Drawing of a Donkey Riding in the Cold Forest" is collected by the Metropolitan Museum of Art
"Chaotic clouds are low and twilight, the wind is back to the snow", the lonely wanderer embarked on the road in all kinds of helplessness, looking around, the sky was vast, there was nothing in the air, only a thin donkey was wandering. Just as the so-called "people are few and the mountains and snow are deep", painters often take this as the theme of their paintings. Li Cheng's "Drawing of a Donkey Riding in the Cold Forest" of the Northern Song Dynasty is a work that expresses this realm.
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This work was once collected by Zhang Daqian, with the inscription "Dafeng Hall Provides the World's First Li Cheng Painting", and is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. This painting is a large vertical shaft, silk, light color, is a masterpiece of Li Cheng's life.
Occupying a large part of the picture is the ancient pine, coming out from the left side, straight into the picture, there is the momentum of supporting the sky and the earth, the trunk is strong, the weather is depressed, and the residual snow has been on it. It was cold, the river was stuck in the ice flow, the twilight was vast, the snow was flying, the sky was muddy, and the earth lost its appearance. The creek bank is covered with snow, a man riding a thin donkey, his eyes are terrified, there are two boys in front and behind, it is really "out of the cold clouds, people in the twilight snow." The cold is freezing, like in the fog.
Southern Song Dynasty Liang Kai "Snow Landscape Map", Tokyo National Museum Collection
Southern Song Dynasty Liang Kai's "Snow Map Landscape Map", now in Japan. In the picture, the vast snowy realm, clean and mixed, a vast expanse, soft brushwork, delicate style, and liang Kai's other works are different from the style of some of Liang Kai's other works, this "Snow Map" shows the gentle and mysterious characteristics of snow, there are two people riding horses, in the desolate snow, this is a comfortable trip. The walker did not have the look of hurrying, but quietly enjoyed this piece of tranquility, this piece of mystery.
Southern Song Dynasty Ma Yuan", "Xiaoxue Mountain Map"
Ma Yuan, a master of Painting in the Southern Song Dynasty, together with Li Tang, Liu Songnian and Xia Gui, was called the "Four Houses of the Southern Song Dynasty".
This picture depicts a mountain dweller driving two small donkeys packed with charcoal in the snow-capped mountains in the early morning when the mountains are closed by heavy snow. The mountain people are thinly dressed, bowed and necked, making people feel that the snow is cold.
Southern Song Dynasty Xia Gui's "Snow Hall Guest Speech Map"
Xia Gui, painter of the Southern Song Dynasty. At the same time as Ma Yuan, he was known as "Ma Xia". Emperor Ningzong was in charge of the painting academy at the time, and was honored by the emperor with a golden belt.
The painting depicts the scenery when the snow is about to melt, reflecting the vitality of the silent nature in winter. On the shore of the water, there is a water pavilion hidden in the thickets of trees, the window is open, the air is coming, and the two people in the house are sitting and playing chess; the distant top of the mountain and the nearby branches are dotted with unmelted snow.
Yuan Huang Gongwang 《Nine Peaks Snow Ji Map》
Huang Gongwang, a painter of the Yuan Dynasty, together with Wu Zhen, Ni Zhan and Wang Meng, was collectively known as the "Four Families of the Yuan".
The "Nine Peaks Snow Ji Map" depicts the scene of the mountainous area in the middle of winter and the cold climate. The water and sky in the picture are rendered in thick ink, setting off the scenery of the snow-capped peaks at the beginning of the snow. The small trees in the mountains are sketched with a thin pen, the poles are like "bamboo roots", and the branches are like "flower masters". Refined with a pen, novel composition, allegorical in peace, and majestic in style, it is a masterpiece of Huang's ink landscape painting in his later years.
Huang Gongwang "Shanyin Visits Daitu"
In Chinese art, snow has the function of touching people's hearts. Therefore, it often has the same effect as wine, stimulating excitement and stirring up life. Huang Gongwang's "Shanyin Visiting Dai Tu" is a story of Xingzhi, which is quite interesting.
Wang Huizhi, a famous scholar of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was the poet who loved bamboo to the point of saying, "How can you have no such a king for a day.". When he was in San'in, one night, he woke up, knew that it was snowing, and hurriedly opened the door and window to drink wine, looking around. He paced in the snow, chanting Zuo Si's "Hidden Poems", and suddenly thought of his friend Sculptor Dai Andao. At this time, Dai was in The Creek, a fairly long way from here, but he ordered his family to visit in a small boat, and the boat walked almost all night in the Snow Creek, and when it was almost at Dai's residence, he ordered the boat to return home. When asked why, he said, "I came with all the pleasure and returned with all the pleasure, so why do I have to see Dian Dao?" "What a dashing style of life.
Yuan Cao Zhibai "Qunfeng Xueji Map"
Cao Zhibai was a Yuan Dynasty painter and bibliophile.
This is a work of Cao Zhibai in his later years, and it has reached the realm of integration in technique. In the lower left of the picture, several pine trees stand majestically, showing an awe-inspiring husbandhood in this silver-clad ice and snow world. Although this work depicts a snow scene, it does not give people a desolate feeling, on the contrary, in this icy and snowy scenery, it seems that a hint of melting spring can be faintly felt.
Yuan Yao Tingmei's "Snow Mountain Travel Map"
Yao Tingmei was a painter of the Yuan Dynasty. Although this "Snowy Mountain Journey" uses a lot of blank space and rendering, the author's exquisite pen and ink and superb artistic processing means still make the picture full of vitality, even in the snowy cold winter, the mountains and rivers still have their spirit and courage. In addition, in order to highlight the winter scene, the river surface and the sky are smudged with light ink; and in order to emphasize the snow on the mountain, the ink color of the sky is deliberately aggravated, which also makes the whole picture more unified.
Ming Wen Zhengming 《Cold Forest Clear Snow Map》
Wen Zhengming said: "The ancient masters and gentlemen often like to write landscapes and rivers to entertain themselves, but they write more snow scenes, and Gai wants to pretend to send his age to his cold and clean ears." Qing Yun Nantian said: "After Xue Ji wrote that the sky was cold and the wood fell, the stone teeth came out of the wheel, in order to give the reward sound, and the chatter of my generation hao fell and the ears were clean." "This all points out the characteristics of the emotional sustenance of snow painting."
Ming Wu Wei 《Baqiao Wind and Snow Map》
Wu Wei, a famous painter of the Ming Dynasty. "Baqiao Wind and Snow Map" is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing, painting a farewell scene in the snow and wind of Baqiao. In the cold snow and wind, the skinny donkey, the narrow bridge, the sad look of the long-distance traveler, and the lonely world are impressive.
Ming Wu Wei "Treading snow in search of Meitu"
Looking for plums after the snow is a realm that Chinese literati like to express very much, and the same is true in paintings.
Wu Wei's "Looking for Meitu on the Snow" by Wu Wei, a famous writer of the Jiangxia sect in the Ming Dynasty, is now in the Anhui Provincial Museum. In the picture, a person drags a crutch after the snow, returns from looking for plums, steps on the snow, crosses a small bridge, and then a boy holds a violin. There is a family at the head of the bridge, living by the mountain, the wild trees on the top of the mountain are covered with snow, the hills and ravines under the mountain are long, and the ancient temples of the forest loom in a sea of snow, which is very spiritual. In the realm of quiet and dusty atmosphere, in the snow-capped world, people walk in search of plums and hold the piano, and their spiritual temperament jumps on the silk.
Ming Lanying's "Xishan Xueji Map"
Lan Ying, a painter of the Ming Dynasty, was one of the representative painters of the late Zhejiang School.
The stream and mountain in the upper left of this picture are covered with snow, and the branches seem to be draped in white, showing thousands of postures. The peaks and ridges and crevices of the rocks are covered with silver-white sparkling moss dots. In her paintings, Lan Ying uses different pigments of stone blue, ochre and white powder to intertwine rich colors and express the magnificent scene of clear mountain scenery after snow. In the center of the painting there is a small river that extends to the lower right bank of the stream. A man of letters dressed in red sat on a boat and looked at the beauty and reveled in it.
Qing Shitao"Snow Landscape Map"
Shi Tao, a painter of the early Qing Dynasty, was jointly known as the "Four Monks of the Early Qing Dynasty" along with Hongren, Jia Yan and Zhu Yun.
This snow landscape album is one of the most bizarre paintings in Shi Tao's twelve opening pages. The sky and the water surface are smeared with dripping ink, the ink color is moist, the mountains are covered with snow, and it is scribbled with minimalist pens, the pen is broken, the qi pulse is in chapters, it seems that the hills are in the chest, and the heart is at will. The leaves of the forest trees are moss-colored, written in the yin and yang lining method, and the ink is sandwiched between the dots, and the atmosphere is mixed, such as the wisps of entanglement, blending and transparency, so that the entire picture scene gives people a cold, silent and clear image.
Qing Hongren's "West Rock Pine Snow Map"
Hongren, a Qing painter, was one of the four painting monks of the early Qing Dynasty.
The picture of "West Rock Pine Snow Map" is based on a local close-up of the majestic trend of the mountain peak, mainly to outline, painting the snow scene "borrowing the ground as white", slightly rendered, the yang side of the mountain stone is white, the yin side is inked, and the tree ink color is thicker. The composition is dense, the penmanship is clean and healthy, and the artistic conception is high and ancient. The picture deliberately depicts pine trees and white snow that symbolize nobility and purity, and the image is concise, which is the shadow of the author's highly purified spirit, giving people a sense of majesty, tranquility, holiness, and spotless beauty...
Southern Song Dynasty Li Dong 《Snow River Selling Fish Map》
Snow creates a long-distance cultural mood; the painter's snow scene is a combination of rationality and sensibility, and this combination is nothing more than "looking for people in the snow scene, and there is poetry in the realism". Whether it falls, or sets off, snow falls on the painting, and it still falls in people's hearts after all.
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