Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the implementation opinions on the construction of electric vehicle charging piles, which has once again aroused heated discussion
Article 3 of the Chinese:
(3) Strictly implement the requirements for the allocation of newly built residential communities. New residential communities should ensure that 100% of the fixed parking spaces are built with charging facilities or reserved installation conditions. When setting up the installation conditions, it is necessary to build power supply facilities such as pipelines and bridges to parking spaces to meet the needs of direct meter connection. The relevant departments of all localities shall supervise the planning and approval of new residential projects and the acceptance of completion in accordance with law.
According to the requirements of the document, the new residential community should ensure that 100% of the fixed parking spaces are built charging facilities or reserved installation conditions, which on the one hand reflects the country's determination to develop new energy, on the other hand, for real estate development enterprises, it is necessary to think more about the design, construction and cost of charging piles; on the other hand, it means that the cost of real estate development has to increase
This article focuses on the analysis of the increase in the cost of charging piles
Syllabus:
01 The current situation of domestic charging piles
02 Charging pile construction analysis
03 Charging pile cost analysis
01
Status of charging piles
As a green means of transportation with broad development prospects, electric vehicles will be extremely rapid in the future, and the future market prospects are also extremely huge.
Under the background of the global energy crisis and serious environmental crisis, the mainland government actively promotes the application and development of new energy vehicles, and charging/substations, as an important supporting infrastructure necessary for the development of electric vehicles, have very important social and economic benefits.
The charging pile industry can be divided into three ends: upstream, middle and downstream, the upstream is the construction of charging piles by developers; the middle stream is the operation and management of charging piles by professional operators and governments; and the downstream is the use of car companies and users
At present, the barriers to the charging equipment industry in mainland China are low, and the degree of product differentiation is low. The electronic components required in the upstream of the charging pile industry are mainly charging modules, filter settings, monitoring and billing equipment and battery maintenance equipment, and the access threshold of these components is low, mainly relying on imports, so the degree of homogenization of products is high.
The current market of the mainland charging pile industry is mainly concentrated in the three head enterprises of special call, star charging, State Grid and cloud fast charging, with market shares of 28.7%, 23.3%, 17% and 7.7% in 2019, respectively, and the market share of other companies is below 5%.
02
Charging pile construction analysis
1. Construction mode
According to the policy requirements, the new community needs to build charging piles, which are mainly divided into three construction modes:
Mode 1: 100% construction of charging facilities for fixed parking spaces
Mode 2: A certain proportion of fixed parking spaces to build charging equipment, a certain proportion of reserved installation conditions, but construction + reservation ratio = 100%
Mode 3: 100% reserved installation conditions for fixed parking spaces
2. Types of charging piles
Column type AC charging pile
Wall-mounted AC charging pile
Vehicle-type AC charging pile
This type is less common and is generally used in back-to-back parking situations with limited space, with the advantage of saving space and the disadvantage of not being very convenient to use
3. Charging pile design points
3.1 There are 3 kinds of commonly used charging equipment: AC charging pile, power 7kW, power supply using 220V AC voltage; AC and DC integrated charging pile, power 30+7kW, power supply using 380V AC voltage.
3.2 In the design of the power capacity of the substation, the load capacity of the charging equipment of the electric vehicle should be fully considered, and the low-voltage distribution circuit or the installation location of the special transformer and distribution system should be reserved.
3.3 The power distribution power supply of electric vehicle charging equipment should be provided with a special circuit for power supply. The power supply circuit of the charging equipment shall be connected to the residential public transformer distribution system or the non-residential special transformer distribution system according to the requirements of the local power supply bureau.
3.4 The wires (cables) and conduits of the distribution lines of charging equipment should be selected according to the most economic principles under the premise of meeting national and local standards. The specifications of the wire (cable) should not be arbitrarily increased, and the material standards and specifications of the conduit should not be arbitrarily increased.
3.5 Charging facilities should be installed perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the error deviating from either direction of the vertical position should not be greater than 5 °
3.6 The installation height of the equipment should be easy to operate, and the horizontal centerline of the operation area of the equipment man-machine interface should be 1.4m from the ground.
3.7 The charging facilities installed on the ground in the basement should be equipped with an installation base, the base should be greater than the outer contour size of the charging facilities, and the height should be higher than the floor of the building 1000mm.
3.8 In order to facilitate installation and use, charging parking spaces should be centrally arranged for charging
Parking area, its planning requirements are as follows. And the charging parking area should be close to the charging distribution room, the charging distribution room should not be more than 50 meters away from the parking area; when the service linear radius exceeds 200 meters, multiple charging parking areas should be set up; the number of parking spaces in the charging parking area should not exceed 100 vehicles.
03
Charging pile cost analysis
1. The main cost composition of the charging pile
The construction of charging piles involves many contents, such as chargers, transformers, cables, distribution cabinets, battery maintenance equipment, monitoring equipment, switch cabinets, etc., and the proportion of each cost is shown in the following figure
2. Charging pile cost analysis
In addition to the construction of the charging pile itself, many accessories and facilities are common to the pile, such as distribution rooms, cables, bridges, etc., so the construction cost of each pile will vary, and the ratio of parking spaces, equipment material brands, etc., the cost of a single pile is about 2000 yuan / ~ 6000 yuan / range
3. Other cost increases caused by charging piles
Setting up a charging pile is not only about building the charging pile itself, but also about the increase in other costs due to the charging pile
3.1 Increase in underground area
Although there are various forms of charging piles to choose from (column type, wall mounted type, car gear type, etc.), it is inevitable to increase the area in order to use the feeling and equipment
usually:
The area of single parking spaces without reserving charging pile installation space increased by about 1.9 square meters
If the charging pile installation space is reserved, the area of the single parking space will increase by about 3.05 square meters
3.2 Increased capacity of electricity
Whether it is reserved installation conditions or one-time installation, the setting of the charging pile will increase the project capacitance demand, so the increase due to power capacity must be considered when doing design and cost control
A small project may meet the demand with an 800kVA box transformer; but assuming that 20 charging parking spaces are set up and 10 120kW dual-gun fast charging piles are configured, 1200kVA capacity is required.
3.3 Increases in other costs
Let's take two fire zones as an example
Increase the cost of construction: increase the fireproof partition wall, fireproof roller blinds, fire doors, fan rooms, etc., and increase about 40 yuan / square meter per square meter
Structure increase cost: increase 4 water collection pits, about 10,000 yuan / one
HVAC increases costs: 4 smoke exhaust fans, the comprehensive price of 19,000 yuan / piece
Electrical appliances increase costs: charging bridge is about 800 meters, about 80 yuan per meter
Water supply and drainage increase costs: 8 fire hydrants, 8 drainage pumps
The increased cost of the above is about 70 yuan / square meter
04
brief summary
The country to promote the new energy strategy, electric vehicles are one of the key links, it is expected that in the next 5 to 7 years, electric vehicles will fully replace the current gasoline vehicles, but although the status of new energy vehicles in the entire energy strategy is so important, but from the current number of new energy vehicles far from being comparable to traditional gasoline vehicles, the reason is that it is very important that the new energy vehicle mileage anxiety problem.
With the substantial growth of demand for new energy vehicles, the imbalance between supply and demand of charging piles and the mismatch of time and space are being magnified in front of the market. Therefore, the latest document of the National Development and Reform Commission fully explains the requirements of the state for the new energy strategy
For real estate enterprises, the promotion of new energy needs to build supporting facilities, which will inevitably further increase the construction cost of houses
Only when we study the charging pile thoroughly and optimize it in place can we not only meet the national strategy, but also improve our own product competitiveness and corporate profitability
Source: Youde Management Sharing Hub, this article has been authorized, thank you to the original author!
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