Sun Tzu's Art of War says, "The one who fuses the terrain, the one who helps the soldiers." The enemy is victorious, the danger is far and near, and the way of the admiral is also. ”
On November 23, 1950, in Dae-yu-dong, the Korean Battlefield, the headquarters of the Chinese Volunteer Army was holding an emergency meeting. Liang Xingchu, commander of the 38th Army, looked at Commander Peng Dehuai, whose face was full of clouds, and his two front teeth were squirming on his lower lips, and he was so ashamed that he wanted to find a crack in the ground to drill into.
In front of all the generals of Zhiji, Peng Dehuai scolded mercilessly: "It is said that you Liang Xingchu is a tiger general, a bird, a rat general who is born of iron!" I asked you to insert the 38th Army into Xichuan, why don't you insert it? A black group scared you off? What is the main force of the 38th Army? ”
In the first campaign of entering korea that had just ended, the 39th Army, the 40th Army, the 42nd Army and other units fought very beautifully in the Korean battlefield, only the 38th Army did not know the enemy's situation, missed the fighter three times, and failed to complete the task of cutting off the enemy's rear road, causing 50,000 enemy troops north of Cheongcheon to escape from the encirclement.
The meticulous plan was destroyed, and upon hearing this news, Commander Peng Dehuai, who had not yet completed his full achievements, was furious: "Liang Xingchu, Liang Xingchu, I absolutely cannot spare you!" This is the picture at the beginning of this article, Liang Xingchu was scolded with shame.
Peng Dehuai, Chen Geng and Deng Hua were at the headquarters of the Volunteer Army
In deploying the second campaign, Peng Dehuai set up a large pocket to deal a fatal blow to the arrogant MacArthur. The 38th Army, as the ace of Shino, was once again entrusted with heavy responsibilities. This time, Liang Xingchu was ready to completely annihilate the South Korean Seventh Division.
The protagonist of this article, Guo Zhongtian, fought a blockade battle that made the armies of the world stand in awe in this battle, he led a platoon of 30 people, and marched with his feet for fourteen hours, with a miracle of 72.5 kilometers (the straight-line distance on the map, no one has broken it so far), and detoured to the main peak of Longyuanli, Ge Da Ling, the only way for the enemy to escape.
Guo Zhongtian made full use of the terrain, and under his perfect command, the whole platoon showed the courage of 0 casualties, annihilated 215 enemy troops, and successfully blocked tens of thousands of enemy troops in the encirclement.
After this battle, Guo Zhongtian and Rong Lite, who were both wise and courageous, were awarded the title of "First Class Combat Hero" by the Headquarters of the Chinese Volunteer Army, and were awarded the Order of the National Flag of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea of the Third Class.
Guo Zhongtian
Guo Zhongtian, born in January 1926 in Gongzhuling, Huaide County, Jilin Province, joined the revolution in the northeast in 1945, because of his bravery in battle, he made many military achievements, and was later appointed as the platoon leader of the 2nd Platoon of the 1st Battalion, 1st Battalion, 1st Company, 337th Regiment, 113th Division, 38th Army, Siye Ace Army, and entered the Korean War with the Volunteer Army in October 1950.
In the first battle abroad, the brother troops all played a prestige, only their own 38th Army fought humiliatingly, and the commander Liang Xingchu was named and criticized by General Peng at the headquarters of zhisi, which made the 38th Army, which was invincible from the white mountains and black waters to the end of the world, hold its stomach and vowed to let the US army taste the power of the four wild tigers in the second battle.
At 4:00 p.m. on November 25, 1950, the second battle broke out, and the officers and men of the South Korean 7th Division at the head of Tokugawa Castle watched in horror as countless signal bombs flew up on the hills outside the city, and when the dazzling signal bombs rose to the highest point, fierce artillery fire had already entered Tokugawa Castle.
With the sound of loud military trumpets, the Chinese army rushed towards it, and the "Qingchang War", which changed the history of world war, began in an instant. Three divisions of the 38th Army launched a fierce attack on the Tokugawa Defenders' South Korean 7th Division.
The American war history records this: "In the sound of military trumpets that sounded tearing in the cold wind, the tide of troops surrounded Tokugawa, the Chinese army swarmed, and the 7th Division was in chaos..."
The 113rd Division, which had not completed the task in the last battle, was ashamed this time, the whole division was silent, and the officers and men posed for a decisive battle at the beginning, fighting all the way to the rear of the 7th Division until they rushed to the edge of the Datong River.
At that time, it was freezing cold, shi Yangtze River tide, political commissar Yu Jingshan silently looked at the Datong River, and then at the same time took off the shoes, socks and cotton pants and wrapped them around their backs, the two took the lead in jumping into the Datong River, which was cold into the bone marrow, and quickly rushed to the opposite bank.
River tide
The soldiers watched the blood boiling, the division commander and the political commissar took the lead in setting an example, they hesitated, they took off their clothes and charged into the water together, the mythical scene frightened the South Korean soldiers on the other side of the strait, sluggishly watching the cold of more than minus 20 degrees, groups of naked, frozen Chinese rushed out of the river, with ice flowers, shouting at them with guns!
These rushing over are not people, but gods! The great fear instantly overwhelmed the South Korean guard battalion, and in just ten minutes, the entire battalion was wiped out by the 113th Division.
In order to win this battle, the warriors of the 113th Division rushed forward desperately, and they rushed to Yongwon-ri in the south, completely wrapping the dumplings of the South Korean 7th Division, and the shame of the battle in blood.
Responsibility and honor prevented them from stopping, and the cold also made them unable to stop, as long as they wanted to take a breath, the warriors who came from the Datong River would immediately be frozen into icemen, and this interlude had exceeded the physiological limits of human beings.
The 113th Division ran lifelessly like this, but General Peng was anxious, because the whole division was silent on the radio, and the General Division could not receive news from the 113th Division. The 113th Division had been missing for a whole night, Peng Dehuai, Deng Hua, Hong Xuezhi... These commanders and generals, who had not closed their eyes for six days and six nights, all turned their blood-red eyes on the dozens of radio stations in the headquarters, all of which were adjusted to the frequency of the 113th Division.
Whether they can seal their pockets as planned and whether they can evade the reconnaissance of the US army is a matter of victory in the battle, but no one can say for sure at this time. Mr. Peng said to himself anxiously: "Where did they run, there was no news all night." ”
Deng Hua said, "Ask the 38th Army!" ”
"Don't ask, the 38th Army doesn't know."
Mr. Peng looked at the map on the wall and was very nervous: "The task of the 113th Division of the 38th Army is to hold sansholi, and the Eighth Army has been forced to the cliff, but there are 3 divisions of the US army that have fled south, of which the first cavalry division is the "Founding Father Division", the trump card in the US military ace.
In addition, the US army has more than 300 tanks and more than 400 artillery pieces, and even if the 113th Division arrives, can it get stuck with more than a dozen mortars and a small number of anti-tank grenades? ”
Suddenly, the operators shouted together: "Pass, pass, radio 113 is on, they have arrived!" ”
After Mr. Peng listened, he sat down on the chair: "Oh, this is relieved, they are finally out!" ”
Deng Hua looked at the telegram with a look of disbelief on his face: "This is a miracle, a miracle!" 14 hours with both feet to fight while marching 72.5 kilometers, that is still a straight line distance on the map, it is really incredible! ”
The God of War volunteers did create miracles, the highest number in the history of infantry warfare in the world. Even in the 1990 Gulf War, the heavy armored units of the US military with all modern equipment marched at a speed of more than 50 kilometers per day and night in Iraq, which was like a flat land.
Fight and march
Telegrams from the 113th Division were sent to the headquarters of Shiji one after another: "Our unit has arrived at Sansholi first, stuck the enemy, and now the enemy is trying to bypass Sansholi and flee to Longyuanli, please show us the mission of our department!" ”
Hearing this news, the generals in Zhisili were all shocked, there was also a road leading directly to the south in the town of Longyuanli west of Sanshouli, and the 113th Division, in addition to guarding Sansoli, also had to defend Longyuanli, which was really fatal, and quickly sent a report to the 113th Division, so that they would stop at all costs in Longyuanli.
The shrewd 113th Division, Yang Changjiang Chao, had already discovered this fatal loophole, and had already sent a regiment to rush over before asking Zhiji, and at the same time arranged for a battalion to blow up the highway bridge in the direction of Longyuanli.
Peng Dehuai sent an urgent telegram to the 113th Division: "Nail me there like a steel nail!" ”
At this time, the battle of Sansoli and Longyuanli, which will forever hang on to the history of the Chinese army, began, which was a duel between mortars, machine guns, grenades and aircraft, tanks, and artillery, and the battle was extremely tragic.
In addition to the indiscriminate bombardment of hundreds of aircraft, the US artillery set a world high record of 8 rounds per minute for a single gun, and 3206 shells fell on the small position of the Songkuofeng Volunteer Army in 22 minutes.
The Americans could not believe their eyes, the Chinese soldiers seemed to be unable to die, and whenever the Americans charged, the Chinese soldiers shot wildly from the rubble.
When all the bullets were gone, only the last 9 volunteer soldiers were left on the Pine Bone Peak, who looked at the corpses of thousands of Americans in front of them, and their eyes flashed with infinite glory: "Brothers, we are enough, see you in the next life..."
Nine soldiers rushed to the American soldiers with bayonets, and when the bayonets were bent, they smashed them with stones, bit them with their teeth, and rushed into the fire with the American troops, and finally all the officers and men of the three companies died heroically.
After climbing the Song Bone Peak, the writer Wei Wei saw these scenes of blood and blood, and wrote down the red classic work "Who is the Most Lovely Person" that influenced and educated generations of people in New China.
Blood Battle Pine Bone Peak
This is the most tragic battle, of course, there is also the most intelligent battle, so long and long, finally to the protagonist of this article Guo Zhongtian appeared.
When the 113th Division arrived at Sanshouli, the division Yangtze River Chao discovered this loophole in Longyuanli, and if it could not be plugged, it would still be escaped by the enemy army as in the first battle, and eventually the previous achievements would be abandoned.
Jiang Chao immediately ordered the 337th Regiment to rush to Longyuanli to undertake the task of blocking the enemy, and the 1 battalion, 1 company and 2 platoons, which were the absolute main force of the 337th Regiment, took on the task of opening the way for the 337th Regiment.
On the night of November 28, a team dressed in yellow cotton uniforms was speeding toward Longyuanli, platoon leader Guo Zhongtian took the lead, and the 31-man squad was disciplined, and no one could be heard except for strong footsteps and rapid breathing.
In the cold wind, they were poorly equipped, only a few light and heavy machine guns, most of the soldiers were carrying rifles, full of grenades and bullets, and the heat exhaled by the soldiers formed a faint white mist in the air, but there was a strong aura that made the opponent shudder.
At this time, the 2nd Platoon had been fighting with the large troops for 6 days and 6 nights, and had not slept a single night at all, the soldiers were exhausted, and they fell asleep while running, and they could only wake up when they fell to the ground.
From the map, Longyuanli is not far from Sanshouli, only a dozen kilometers, but Guo Zhongtian, in order to seize time, took 2 rows in the thorny mountain forest to split a road, and his clothes were torn apart by thorns.
In the early morning of November 29, Guo Zhongtian led a sharp knife platoon to longyuanli, and at this point, the gate for the US army to flee south was "dangerously closed". At this time, the US army had not yet retreated from the battlefield, there was silence in Longyuan, and Guo Zhongtian immediately climbed the main peak of Ge Da Ling to reconnoiter the terrain of the battlefield and prepare to deploy positions.
Although Ge Da Ling is easy to defend and difficult to attack, the target is too obvious, in the face of enemy aircraft and artillery, 31 people are really not enough to plug the enemy's teeth, once the enemy plane is in the air, it can only be used as a live target.
Guo Zhongtian secretly shook his head and continued to look forward, and suddenly his eyes lit up: there was a mountain bag on the north side of Ge Da Ling, and this place happened to be the bend of the highway, and any vehicle driving here must slow down, and what made Guo Zhongtian even more overjoyed was that the mountain bag was on the other side of the road was a cliff of tens of meters, and the enemy's tanks and armored vehicles could not climb up at all.
There was also a large boulder on the mountain bag, and when I walked in, there was a natural stone cave under the boulder, which was stronger than the reinforced concrete bunker, which was not only difficult for the enemy to find, but also impossible for the aircraft cannons to hit.
This mountain bag is only more than 50 meters away from the road, and putting a squad of soldiers into it is very convenient for the infantry to exert firepower, in addition, several hills not far from the sides of the mountain bag can be used as the resistance position of the volunteer army.
Map of the deployment of troops for the Second Campaign
Guo Zhongtian couldn't help but be overjoyed, isn't this the most vivid embodiment of What Sun Tzu said, "Fu Terrain Man, Soldier Nosuke also"?
He directly abandoned the main position on The Ridge of Ge Da Ling, but instead set the main position on this hill. The light and heavy machine guns in the platoon were arranged near the boulder, and the 4th and 6th squads were deployed on both sides of the boulder, and the 5th squad was appointed as a reserve team at any time.
As an experienced commander, Guo Zhongtian was well aware of the importance of fortifications to the poorly equipped volunteer army, and he made great efforts not to let the soldiers rest, in addition to half of the men and horses building fortifications next to the boulders, he also ordered half of the men to build false positions on the main peak of Ge Da Ling to attract the fire of enemy aircraft.
Facts have proved that it was the fake fortifications built at Ge Da Ling that confused the enemy planes and not only played a vital role, but also enabled Guo Zhongtian to create a miracle of zero casualties on the battlefield.
Not long after the positions and fortifications were deployed, the sky was light, and the soldiers seized the time to squint for a little while. At 8 o'clock in the morning, there was a rumbling sound from the north. Guo Zhongtian took a closer look, and there was a fierce smoke and dust on the road, and it was the US troops who had escaped from sansho.
Gradually, the enemy entered the firing range, and 1 jeep and 3 ten-wheeled trucks rushed over in panic, and not far behind them was a black pressurized American convoy.
Guo Zhongtian immediately ordered the whole platoon to prepare for battle, and according to the plan formulated in advance, he ordered: blow a long horn, and all light and heavy machine guns open fire; blow two long horns to throw two grenades each; blow three long horns, and charge the whole platoon.
After the deployment of the mission, Guo Zhongtian quickly came to the fortification of Zhang Xiangzhong in the forward position. Zhang Xiangzhong is a 6 squad leader, who grew up following his father to hunt for a living, and his marksmanship is surprisingly good, and he is the kind of sharpshooter who says that if he hits the enemy's left eye, he will not hit the right eye.
Guo Zhongtian watched the enemy's jeep getting closer and closer, and asked Zhang Xiangzhong: "Is it certain to shoot it down?" ”
Zhang Xiangzhong dipped his fingers in the drool, measured the wind speed in the direction of the enemy, and then replied without any hesitation: "Platoon leader, you see!" ”
The enemy convoy soon reached the hill bag, and when the jeep slowed down at the bend, Zhang Xiangzhong pulled the trigger, and a bullet accurately hit the fuel tank of the jeep, and suddenly a fire broke out, the car hit the mountain wall and stopped, and the second shot followed, and the officer on the car was lifted tianling cover and killed on the spot.
Guo Zhongtian picked up the copper whistle on his chest, blew a long horn, and the 2 rows of soldiers hidden next to the boulder, light and heavy machine guns and rifles opened fire together, the fierce attack was like a storm, the enemy was suddenly attacked and suffered heavy losses, the cars were all paralyzed there, and the surviving American troops rushed to the roadside ditch in panic.
At this time, Guo Zhongtian ordered the 5th squad to attack from the right flank, the enemy was attacked on three sides, all were destroyed, and the 4th squad quickly ran to the car and snatched a lot of guns and ammunition, as well as a lot of bread and cans. Just after returning to the position, there was a rumbling sound from the rear, and without looking, Guo Zhongtian knew that this was the enemy's tank.
U.S. army tanks
The soldiers were full of war: "Fight the platoon leader, how many tanks?" "If the enemy tanks are allowed to run, it is a disgrace to the sharp knife platoon, and the soldiers bundle up their grenades and prepare to dry them."
The bravery of the warriors is a good thing, but the 2nd platoon is in a hurry to grab time, there is no anti-tank weapon in hand, how can the machine gun and grenade alone open the turtle shell of the tank? Besides, even if you can break a few enemy tanks, and these more than 50 tanks fire at the same time, can the whole platoon still hold on?
As a commander, Guo Zhongtian understood that the most critical task of the 2nd Platoon was not to fight the enemy to the death, but to block the enemy's large troops, buy time for the main force of the regiment to encircle, and finally annihilate the enemy in the encirclement.
Looking at the eager soldiers, Guo Zhongtian gave an order: "No one is allowed to shoot, let the enemy tanks go!" ”
Hearing this order, Zhang Xiangzhong was also anxious: "The task given to us by the superiors is to die stuck in longyuan and not let go of an enemy, if we put the tank over, how to explain it to the division?"
Guo Zhongtian said calmly: "I am a platoon leader, and I am responsible for the problem!" ”
The soldiers stared dead at the tank group, and after a while, the convoy of US personnel carriers, ammunition trucks, and artillery vehicles rushed towards the hill in a bunch, and they couldn't see their heads. At this time, the soldiers no longer complained about the platoon leader, their eyes were straight, and they thought to themselves, "How much battle merit has this?" ”
Guo Zhongtian gave an order: "Give me a hard beating!" The warriors were unceremonious and unleashed their full fire, aiming at their prey and attacking violently.
Several personnel carriers and ammunition trucks in front of the enemy were directly exploded, and the shock wave of the shells killed all the Nearby American soldiers, and the enemy saw that they encountered an ambush, and a commander quickly gathered a team of more than 200 people to come to support.
The commander arrogantly led the American troops forward, and Guo Zhongtian ordered: "Xiang Zhong, kill him." ”
Zhang Xiangzhong raised his gun and said in his mouth that I called you Niu X, and killed the officer with one shot, and the American soldiers had no place to hide, and dozens of people were killed by the volunteers one after another.
The tank commander in the back saw that the situation was not good, and immediately organized three tanks to attack, and one of the tanks had a commander who leaned out and just raised the flag to prepare to issue an order, and was killed by Zhang Xiangzhong.
Volunteer blockade positions
The enemy troops in the rear saw that they could not attack and did not dare to attack again, so they directly called for aircraft support. Ten minutes later, 30 planes rushed to the battlefield, and there was a fierce bombardment against the main peak, Ge Da Ling, and the fake fortifications were all destroyed.
Guo Zhongtian's unique tactical vision and wisdom made the main position of XiaoshanBao as stable as a rock, and in the face of the bombing of the aircraft, it was like watching a huge fireworks display, and no one in the whole platoon was lost.
After the bombing, the US army thought that it could always be attacked, so it organized hundreds of people to charge again, and just when it reached the bend, it fired a torrential rain of bullets, and the US army was beaten down again.
Half an hour later, the U.S. army saw that this was not possible, and immediately summoned the fleeing tanks back, and the aircraft also carried out a second round of bombing, although the U.S. army fought lively, but the huge terrain advantage gave 2 platoons a perfect defensive barrier.
When the enemy tank pushed the scrapped car at the bend to the side and prepared to rush out of the encirclement, the soldiers threw a cluster grenade, and at the critical moment, the sharpshooter Zhang Xiangzhong once again fired a mighty blow, exploding the enemy's ammunition truck, and the huge explosive power once again frightened the enemy back to the same way.
In this way, the enemy and us kept attacking and blocking, and Guo Zhongtian calmly commanded, and during the interval between battles, he did not forget to order the soldiers to continue to the main peak to build fake fortifications to confuse the enemy. The enemy's planes bombed back and forth against Ge Da Ling like decorations, but they could not move 2 platoons.
The battle lasted for a whole day, and the enemy had left hundreds of corpses in front of the 2 platoons, no matter what method they used, they could not attack the defensive positions of the 2 platoons, and the 2 platoons also blocked tens of thousands of enemies under the mountain bag.
At 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the main force of the 337th Regiment arrived to build an indestructible defensive position, and the highlands on both sides of the Longyuanli Highway were full of officers and men of the 337th Regiment. The U.S. military knew this was the last chance and hysterically called for aircraft support.
And the US pilots are also very strange, the volunteer positions have been blown up twice, why is there still such a strong attack force?
This time, the US planes exploded for more than an hour, the sky was dark, the US troops on the highway were also bloody, they organized dozens of attacks, the performance was remarkable, but this was all in vain, Guo Zhongtian This platoon occupied the terrain is too dangerous, absolutely called "a husband and wife, a thousand people can not open." ”
After seven o'clock, the US army has already confessed its fate, they know that they can't break out, the Chinese army has surrounded them to death in a small area north of Longyuanli, and the fall is inevitable.....
American soldiers
Directly in front of the longyuanli blocking position was the US 2nd Division (the old main European division), which was also the most heavily damaged Us army unit in this battle, and Longyuanli became the "death road" of the US 2nd Division.
The results reported to the Central Military Commission by the Post-War Zhiji show that more than 7,000 enemies of the US 2nd Division alone have been annihilated, which is a very impressive record. According to Japanese statistics, the US 2nd Division suffered about 80% of its battle losses and 12,000 casualties. The U.S. military itself admitted that the 2nd Division had lost its combat capability.
Of course, our heroic 2 platoon officers and men also performed a miracle, they blocked the fleeing American troops for a whole day, survived three rounds of bombing by American aircraft, survived the repeated attacks of more than 50 tanks and artillery, and stuck the way for tens of thousands of enemy troops to flee south.
The whole platoon consumed only 1305 rounds of ammunition and 14 grenades, but the results were brilliant, capturing and destroying 6 US artillery pieces and 58 cars; the entire platoon had no casualties of 31 people, and there were 215 American corpses in front of the position, not counting the wounded and dragged away soldiers by the US army.
The battle loss ratio reached 0:215 against the sky, which is definitely a figure that makes the US military unbearable.
Guo Zhongtian also reviewed the deficiencies to the company commander: "First, the enemy tanks were released, and second, they did not capture a prisoner." "The company commander praised Guo Zhongtian for having both courage and strategy, that it was correct to release the tank, that it was not a disadvantage to not capture the prisoners, and that you had made a miraculous achievement."
After the war, Guo Zhongtian was awarded the title of "First Class Combat Hero" by the Headquarters of the Volunteer Army, and the 2nd Platoon was awarded the honorary title of "Guo Zhongtian Hero Platoon". After the end of the fourth campaign, Guo Zhongtian's company was awarded the title of "Second-Class Hero Company" and awarded a "Repeated Victory in Battle" award flag.
In June 1951, Guo Zhongtian was selected to go to Berlin to participate in the Third World Peace Festival, and after returning from Berlin, he participated in the National Day ceremony for the second anniversary of the founding of New China, and was cordially received by Chairman Mao and other party and state leaders. After the meeting, he accompanied the Heroic Model Report Group to make a tour of the country.
After the end of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Guo Zhongtian returned to the northeast with his troops to garrison the northeast and was later promoted to deputy division commander. On February 8, 1993, Guo Zhongtian died of illness at the age of 67, completing the hero's life!
I would like to pay tribute to Guo Zhongtian with this article! The highest tribute is paid to the heroic and defiant Chinese Volunteers!!!