Pu Songling wrote a couplet to encourage himself: "Those who have lofty ideals, things can be accomplished, the cauldron is broken, and the hundred and two Qin Guans will eventually belong to Chu; the bitter hearted people, the sky is not worthy, the salary is worthy, and the three thousand Yue Jia can swallow Wu." ”
Among them, this sentence "Lying down to taste the guts, three thousand Yue Jia can swallow Wu" read quite domineering, and Zongheng also engraved this sentence on the table before the college entrance examination, and paid a fine of one hundred yuan for destroying public property when he graduated for this matter.
This sentence tells that in the Spring and Autumn Period, the Yue King Gou Jian was defeated by the State of Wu earlier, and later suffered from salary, endured humiliation and burden, and finally defeated Fu Cha to become one of the five hegemons, this story had a very far-reaching impact on ancient China, and also inspired generations of people to strive to be strong.
However, after King Gou of Yue became the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period, why did he not become one of the Seven Heroes during the Warring States period? How did the Yue Kingdom decline after the death of Gou Jian? Today, Zongheng will lead you to study how the Yue Kingdom fell during the Warring States period.
The strength of the Yue Kingdom in the early Warring States period "four divisions of the world"
There are many versions of the Spring and Autumn Five Powers, for example, Sima Qian believes in the "Records of History" that Qi Huan Gong, Song Xiang Gong, Jin Wen Gong, Qin Mu Gong, and Chu Zhuang Wang are the Five Hegemons, while "Xunzi Wang Ba" believes that Qi Huan Gong, Jin Wen Gong, Chu Zhuang Wang, Wu Wang Lu and Yue Wang Gou Jian are the Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons.
Although only Xunzi's version considers yue guo to be one of the five hegemons, it can also prove the strength of yue guo in the late Spring and Autumn period.
After Gou Jian dominated the Central Plains, he moved the capital to Langya, laying the foundation for the development of the Yue kingdom, and the strength of the Yue state in the late Spring and Autumn Period was described in the "History of the Yue King's Gou Jian Family" as "Yue soldiers running rampant in the rivers and Huaidong, and the princes Bihe, known as the overlord".
After Gou Jian's death, a usurpation of the throne by the father of the Yue king Zhu Gou occurred in the yue kingdom, which had a great impact on the yue state, from the original super hegemonic status, in the face of the rise of the emerging state of Qi and the state of Chu, the state of Yue became the "warlike country under mozi today, Qi, Jin, Chu, Yue ... Now, for the sake of merging the country, the world is divided into four parts"?
It can be seen that in the early Warring States period, the Yue state was still a first-line country, far more powerful than the unspecified States of Qin, Yan or the Division of the Jin State after the Zhao, Wei, and Han states.
Although it lost the war between the State of Yue and the State of Chu in the early warring states period, and ended the dream that the State of Yue had been trying to dominate the Central Plains since the King of Yue's conspiracy, forcing the forces of the State of Yue to withdraw westward, with its superiority at sea, the State of Yue was still able to fight against the State of Wu.
The powerful State of Yue once made the State of Qi, which had not yet fully risen, jealous, and under the offensive of the State of Vietnam, the small countries around the State of Qi were annexed by the State of Yue little by little, and in the process of the Three Jin Dynasties, the State of Yue also played a considerable role.
According to all aspects of information, the State of Vietnam still had a certain degree of influence in the early Warring States period.
In the middle of the Warring States period, many coups d'état in Vietnam led to a weakening of national strength
Although the State of Yue was once very active in the early Warring States period, in fact, under the appearance of the powerful State of Yue, as Zhuangzi said, the State of Yue was "a fierce tiger, but now it is dead."
The chronicle of the decline of the Yue state is that in the thirty-three years of the Yue Dynasty, under the threat of the increasingly powerful State of Qi and the State of Chu, the State of Yue had to move its capital from Langya to Gusu.
At that time, Yue Wang Feng may have been old and confused, because Yue Wang Zhu Gou was usurping the throne by killing his father and ascending the throne, so in his later years he was very wary of his sons, and as a result, he listened to the rumors of others and killed his three sons, and three years after the yue kingdom moved the capital, the prince Zhu Blame launched a coup d'état to protect himself and killed Yue Wang Fei.
Only three months later, Zhu Gui was also killed in a palace coup, and finally his son Wrong Branch was made king of Yue, and a year later Wrong Branch was killed again, and he was made the king of Yue.
From the beginning of the Yue kingdom to the capital of Gusu has been a strategy for the Yue kingdom to seek recuperation, but in just four or five years of moving the capital, three consecutive Yue kings died in the coup, and it is impossible not to decline.
The harm of the coup d'état in the Yue court had reached the point where Wu Yu, who was then established as the king of Yue, sighed: "Junhu, Junhu, you can't give up on me!" ”
In fact, Wuyu was still very prescient, and not long after, a new round of palace coups broke out in the country of Yue, "Twelve years later, the disciples of the temple district were loyal to their king Mang An. “
The eventual decline of the Vietnamese state is still inseparable from the infighting of the Vietnamese country, the palace politics has become the political norm of the Vietnamese country, and when all countries are changing the law and striving to become stronger, the Vietnamese country does not have a stable political environment, and obviously can only gradually decline.
The reason why the Warring States Seven Heroes can become the Seven Heroes is because they are all completed through the change of law, such as the Wei State Wei Wenhou Change Law, the Qin State Shang Martingale Change Law, the Chu State Wu Qi Change Law, the Korea Shen Bu Harm Change Law, the Qi Qi Wei King Reform, the Zhao State Hu Costume Riding Archery Reform, and the Yan State Yan ZhaoWang Reform.
How the Yue Kingdom was eventually "ruled by chu in more chaos" by the Chu state
For the State of Yue, its external enemies were nothing more than the State of Chu and the State of Qi, especially the State of Chu, which in the early years supported the State of Yue against the State of Wu, but with the change of dynasties, Chu and Yue eventually became enemies due to geopolitical conflicts.
Compared with the civil strife in the State of Yue, the State of Chu was constantly defeated in the war with the Three Jins in the early Warring States period, but in the case of the overflow of talents for the Wei State to change the law, Wu played the role of the State of Chu to preside over the change of the law so that the State of Chu "clearly judged the law, donated officials who were not in a hurry, and abolished the estranged people of the Gong clan to raise the warriors." To strengthen the army, break the words of the cross-talker."
In the end, it achieved "Southern Ping Baiyue, Northern and Chen Cai, but three Jin, Western Qin, and the princes of Chu were strong".
By the middle of the Warring States period, compared with the Yue state, the Chu state had a large population, advanced system, strong military strength, and developed scientific and technological level, and had reached the point of completely crushing the Yue state.
In the process of the Chu state actively going north to compete for hegemony, it was also an opportunity to collide with the civilization of the Central Plains, and the Yue state had lost this exchange at that time, thus running counter to the advanced productive forces.
It was not until the Yue king had no borders that the Yue kingdom was brought out of civil strife, and WuJiang was also a person with great ambition (ambition), when he decided to go north to cut Qi, the emissaries of the State of Qi moved with affection, and Xiao Zhi let him go to Chu with reason, wujiang thought that what the emissaries of the State of Qi said was quite reasonable, after all, at that time, the State of Chu was hegemonic in the north, the country was relatively empty, and attacking the old enemy of the State of Yue, the State of Chu, was also more in line with the vision of the Yue people.
As a result, "the king of Chu raised his army and cut it down, defeated Yue, killed the king without borders, and took the ancient land of Wu to Zhejiang, and broke through Qi in Xuzhou in the north." And the more they dispersed, the sons of the various tribes fought for the throne, or as kings, or as a reservoir, on the sea of Jiangnan, and obeyed the Chu Dynasty. It has become a situation of "chaos and rule".
Vietnam has completely declined!